镍-磷/纳米碳管化学复合镀层的研究

采用化学复合镀方法,在基体铜片上进行Ni-P／纳米碳管复合镀．用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计等实验手段研究复合镀层的组织、结构和性能．结果表明:随着镀液中纳米碳管含量的增加,复合镀层表面的颗粒变小且密度增加;复合镀层的硬度随纳米碳管含量的增加而提高;此外,纳米碳管的加入,使镀层由非晶变成了纳米晶,促进了复合镀层的晶化．     

镍-磷/纳米碳管化学复合镀层的研究

The electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite plating was studied on the copper substrate. Metallurgical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, X-ray diffractometer and micro hardness tester were used to study the structure, constitution and performance of the electroless Ni-P-carbon nanotubes composite deposit. Experiential results show that, with the increment of carbon nanotubes content in electroless plating solution, the grain size on the sample surface decreases whereas the density of grains and the hardness for composite deposit increases. Moreover, adding carbon nanotubes not only improves the degree of crystallization for the composite deposit but also helps their transformation from the amorphous state to the nanocrystal state.     

钒氢化物电子结构的量子化学研究

利用电荷自洽离散变分Xα(SCC-DV-Xα)方法计算了钒基固溶体中钒氢反应前后钒及其氢化物(VHx, x=0, 1, 2)、假定原子簇模型VHx*(x=1, 2)和VHx′(x=0, 1)的电子结构. 结果表明：钒与氢气反应生成VH时, 化学效应和结构效应都使V 3d和H 1s轨道向低能量方向移动, 氢化物VH中V 3d和H 1s轨道重叠最多, V－H之间的相互作用较强。VH再与氢气反应生成VH₂时, 结构效应使V 3d和H 1s轨道都向高能量方向移动, 氢化物VH₂中V 3d和H 1s轨道重叠最少, V和H之间的相互作用较弱。氢化物VH和VH₂中不仅存在离子性相互作用, 而且还存在共价性相互作用. 结构效应导致VH₂中V－H键的共价性减弱, 从而导致VH₂中V和H之间的相互作用减弱. 氢化物VH的费米能级比VH₂的低, 说明VH更稳定.