金-银纳米棒异质二聚体的Fano共振及其传感性质研究

本文我们通过有限时域差分法模拟研究了金-银纳米棒异质二聚体的光学等离子体耦合。在消光谱中,发现较短的银纳米棒产生的偶极明模式和较长的金纳米棒产生的四极暗模式产生了干涉相消耦合,从而出现了Fano共振。通过改变金属纳米棒的长度、距离和周围环境可以调控Fano共振的共振波长和强度。金-银纳米棒异质二聚体对周围环境变化具有较高的灵敏度,其品质因数大于8.5。由于金银异质体有比较好的抗腐蚀性和比较低的生物毒性,这使得它有望成为新一代基于表面等离子体Fano共振的生物传感器和分子探测器。     

Deep-ultraviolet surface plasmon resonance of Al and Al_(core)/Al_2O_(3shell) nanosphere dimers for surface-enhanced spectroscopy

The localized surface plasmon resonance properties of Al and Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers with Al and Al core nanosphere radii of 20 nm and Al2O3 shell of 2 nm in the deep-ultraviolet region have been studied using the finite difference time domain method. The extinction spectra and the electric field distribution profiles of the two dimers for various gap distances between two individual nanospheres are compared with those of the corresponding monomers to reveal the extent of plasmon coupling. It is found that with the interparticle distance decreasing, a strong plasmon coupling between two Al or Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanospheres is observed accompanied by a significant red shift in the extinction spectra at the parallel polarization direction of the incident light related to the dimer axis, while for the case of the perpendicular polarization direction, a weak plasmon coupling arises characterized by a slight blue shift in the extinction spectra. The electric field distribution profiles show that benefiting from the dielectric Al2O3 shell, the gap distance of Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers can be tailored to < 1 nm scale and results in a very high electric field enhancement. The estimated surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement factors suggests that the Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers with the gap of < 1 nm gave rise to an enhancement as high as 8.1 × 107 for interparticle gap = 0.5 nm. Our studies reveal that the Alcore/Al2O3 shell nanosphere dimers may be promising substrates for surface-enhanced spectroscopy in the deep-ultraviolet region.     

补偿离子掺杂与烧成温度对SrTiO_3∶0.002Pr~(3+)材料的红色发光特性的影响

采用高温固相反应法合成SrTiO3∶Pr3+系发光材料,利用荧光光谱、XRD等分析手段,研究了工艺参数,如不同价态K、Ca和A l离子掺杂,以及1 050~1 300℃不同烧成温度对SrTiO3∶Pr3+体系发光性能的影响,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的SrTiO3∶Pr3+系发光材料。选择不同价态补偿离子掺杂是为了研究电荷补偿作用机制对该类材料发光性能的作用。结果表明:随着烧成温度的升高,磷光体发光强度先增加后减弱,在1 150℃烧成的材料其发光强度最大。无补偿掺杂与K、Ca或A l离子掺杂的所有样品均发出源于Pr3+的1D2→3H4跃迁的610 nm红色光。在不同价态补偿离子掺杂样品中,以掺A l的SrTiO3∶Pr3+体系发光强度最好;其发光强度比无补偿离子掺杂SrTiO3∶Pr3+材料的发光强度提高10倍左右。另一方面,与A l离子具有类似的引入阴离子电荷缺陷的K离子掺杂材料的发光强度则基本没有变化,其发光强度与没有电荷补偿作用的无掺杂及Ca离子掺杂SrTiO3∶Pr3+材料相似。上述实验结果可从电荷缺陷及微观固溶结构两方面的联合作用机制进行解释。在引入电荷缺陷的掺杂体系中,只有在发光离子PrS+r最近邻的Ti格位引入的电荷缺陷才能有效地起电荷补偿作用,达到增强发光强度的作用。研究结果给出了合理的制备工艺条件,并且提供了一种可有效提高发光强度的补偿离子掺杂的选择依据。     

Transparent Ni^2＋-Doped MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Glass Ceramics with Broadband Infrared Luminescence

We report on transparent Ni^2＋-doped MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics with broadband infrared luminescence. Ni^2＋-doped MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass is prepared by using the conventional method. After heat treatment at high temperature, MgAl2O4 crystallites are precipitated, and their average size is about 4.3 nm. No luminescence is detected in the as-prepared glass sample, while broadband infrared luminescence centred at around 1315 nm with full width at half maximum （FWHM） of about 300 nm is observed from the glass ceramics. The observed infrared emission could be attributed to the ^3T2g（^3F）→^3A2g（^3F） transition of octahedral Ni^2＋ ions in the MgAl2O4 crystallites of the transparent glass ceramics. The product of the fluorescence lifetime and the stimulated emission cross section is about 1.6×10^-24 s cm^2.     

玻璃闪烁体的研究进展

玻璃闪烁体作为射线探测的核心材料之一在医学成像、高能物理、环境监测以及安检等领域扮演着重要的角色.根据其特点和应用背景主要分为高密度玻璃闪烁体、低密度玻璃闪烁体、微晶玻璃闪烁体.本文介绍了不同种类玻璃闪烁体的特点,重点关注了玻璃闪烁体的制备、微观结构、发光性能以及应用,并对玻璃闪烁体性能的优化以及今后的发展作出了展望.     

水热法合成在可见光照射下具有高催化活性的纳米TiO2催化剂

 以丙酮为溶剂,采用水热法在240 ℃合成了表面吸附有机物的纳米TiO2粉体光催化剂,并采用XRD,TEM,UV-Vis和DRS等技术对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明,合成的纳米TiO2催化剂在可见光激发下具有良好的光催化降解甲基橙的性能和较好的热稳定性. 经180,250和365 ℃热处理后,催化剂的晶型和尺寸没有变化,但催化剂表面吸附的有机物发生了明显变化. 催化剂表面吸附的有机物、可见光波段的光响应性能和可见光下催化降解甲基橙的效率之间存在良好的关联性,催化剂表面吸附适量的有机物可提高纳米TiO2催化剂在可见光波段的光响应性能,从而提高其在可见光照射下催化降解甲基橙的性能.     

Broadband Infrared Luminescence of Ni^2＋ in Petalite-Type Transparent Glass Ceramics

Transparent Ni^2＋-doped magnesium aluminosilicate glass ceramics are prepared. The formation of petalite-type crystallites in the glass ceramics is confirmed by x-ray diffraction. Broadband infrared luminescence centred at around 1235nm with full width at half maximum （FWHM） of about 300nm is observed from the Ni^2＋-doped glass ceramics. The observed infrared emission could be attributed to the ^3T2（F） → ^3A2（F） transition of octahedral Ni^2＋ ions in petalite-type crystallites. Theproduct of the fluorescence lifetime and the stimulated emission cross sections is 1.2 ×10-24 cm^2s.     

补偿离子掺杂与烧成温度对SrTiO3:0.002Pr3+ 材料的红色发光特性的影响

采用高温固相反应法合成SrTiO3：Pr^3＋系发光材料,利用荧光光谱、XRD等分析手段,研究了工艺参数,如不同价态K、Ca和Al离子掺杂,以及1050～1300℃不同烧成温度对SrTiO3：Pr^3＋体系发光性能的影响,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的SrTiO3：Pr^3＋系发光材料。选择不同价态补偿离子掺杂是为了研究电荷补偿作用机制对该类材料发光性能的作用。结果表明：随着烧成温度的升高,磷光体发光强度先增加后减弱,在1150℃烧成的材料其发光强度最大。无补偿掺杂与K、Ca或Al离子掺杂的所有样品均发出源于Pr^3＋的^1D2→^3H4跃迁的610nm红色光。在不同价态补偿离子掺杂样品中,以掺Al的SrTiO3：Pr^3＋体系发光强度最好;其发光强度比无补偿离子掺杂SrTiO3：Pr^3＋材料的发光强度提高10倍左右。另一方面,与Al离子具有类似的引入阴离子电荷缺陷的K离子掺杂材料的发光强度则基本没有变化,其发光强度与没有电荷补偿作用的无掺杂及Ca离子掺杂SrTiO3：Pr^3＋材料相似。上述实验结果可从电荷缺陷及微观固溶结构两方面的联合作用机制进行解释。在引入电荷缺陷的掺杂体系中,只有在发光离子PrSr^＋最近邻的Ti格位引入的电荷缺陷才能有效地起电荷补偿作用,达到增强发光强度的作用。研究结果给出了合理的制备工艺条件,并且提供了一种可有效提高发光强度的补偿离子掺杂的选择依据。     

熔制温度对铋离子掺杂钡铝硅酸盐玻璃发光性能的影响

研究了熔制温度对铋离子掺杂钡铝硅酸盐玻璃发光性能的影响.当用紫外光和808nm的激光二极管激发时,分别在425nm和1330nm附近观察到可见和宽带红外发光.可见荧光的发射强度随着熔制温度的升高逐渐下降,而红外发光强度随着熔制温度的升高先是增强然后减弱.对光致发光的机理进行了探讨.     

Broadband Near-Infrared Emission from Transparent Ni^2＋ -Doped Sodium Aluminosilicate Glass Ceramics

Broadband near-infrared emission from transparent Ni^2＋-doped sodium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics is observed. The broad emission is centred at 1290nm and covers the whole telecommunication wavelength region （1100- 1700hm） with full width at half maximum of about 340hm. The observed infrared emission could be attributed to the 3T2（F） → 3A2（F） transition of octahedral Ni^2＋ ions that occupy high-field sites in nanocrystals. The product of the lifetime and the stimulated emission cross section is 2.15 × 10^-24 cm^2s. It is suggested that Ni^2＋- doped sodium aluminosilicate glass ceramics have potential applications in tunable broadband light sources and broadband amplifiers.