High-Average-Power Nanosecond Quasi-Phase-Matched Single-Pass Optical Parametric Generator in Periodically Poled Lithium Niobate

A pulsed nanosecond optical parametric generator (OPG) in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crysal is presented. The pump laser is an acousto-optically Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser with the maximum average power of 6.58 W. When the repetition rate is 50kHz and the pulse width of the pump source is 80ns, the maximum average total output power of the single-pass PPLN OPG is about 1.9 W, which includes 1.322 W of 1.536μm signal radiation. The length of the PPLN crystal is only 38.7mm (at room temperature) with a grating period of 28.93μm (at room temperature). The 1.502-1.536μm signal radiation and 3.652-3.465μm idler radiation are obtained by adjusting the PPLN crystal temperature from 155℃ to 250℃.     

介绍《力学小问题及全国大学生力学竞赛试题》

第五届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛即将举办之际，我们应广大读者的要求，受《力学与实践》编委会委托，整理了《力学小问题与全国大学生力学竞赛试题》，现已由清华大学出版社出版。     

关于纽曼投影式含义的考证

在构象异构的教学活动中我们发现,教师对纽曼(Melvin S.Newman)投影式含义的理解存在歧异,于是我们带着这个问题做了一点考证。大凡基础的有机化学教科书,在介绍构象概念之后,一般均介绍了构象式的画法。构象的书面表示法,概括起来有三种:一是球棍式,二是萨哈斯(Sawhorse)投影     

2-(4-氯苯基)-3-甲基丁酸的消旋

以酸酐及有机惰性溶剂作混合溶剂，少量叔胺等作催化剂，2-(4-氯苯基)-3-甲基丁酸能在比较温和的条件下基本完全消旋，收率接近90％。     

柴油爆炸性能外场实验研究

通过Ø30 mm杀爆燃弹外场炮击实验,模拟车辆、装备油箱被炮火击中后二次爆炸场景,采用高速照相机、红外热成像仪分别记录引爆柴油过程和爆炸火球的温度场,对比评估普通柴油、含水型柴油和抑爆型柴油的爆炸特性。实验结果显示：炮弹射击油箱瞬间,柴油液滴被抛撒出油箱,与空气快速混合形成气溶胶,并在炸药能量作用下引发爆炸,形成爆炸火球;不同类型柴油的爆炸火球均经历3个发展阶段,但其尺寸、扩展速率和表面温度等有较大差别,普通柴油和含水型柴油的火球这3个参数比较接近,都大于抑爆型柴油;含水型柴油的油箱毁伤容积为108.00 dm³,远高于普通柴油的57.65 dm³和抑爆型柴油的38.15 dm³。研究表明,抑爆柴油中的高分子聚合物能起到较好的抑爆作用。

     

Lukasiewicz n值命题逻辑中命题的真度理论

利用势为 n的均匀概率空间的无穷乘积在 Lukasiewicz n值命题逻辑中引入了公式的真度概念,当3≤n≤17时证明了全体公式的真度值之集在[0,1]上是稠密的,并给出了公式真度的表达通式;利用真度定义了公式间的相似度,进而导出了全体公式集上的一种伪距离,为n值Lukasiewicz命题逻辑系统的近似推理理论提供了一种可能的框架。     

耦合双原子Jaynes-Cummings模型的腔场谱H

研究了处于激发态的两原子与高Q腔场相互作用单光子过程的腔场谱,给出了初始光场为光子数态、相干态、压缩真空态时的腔场谱数值计算结果,分析了原子间偶极-偶极相互作用强度gα对腔场谱结构的影响.发现真空场Rabi峰,当gα较弱时为4峰,gα较强时为3峰结构;弱场数态(n＞0)时为5峰,强场时为3峰结构.相干态和压缩真空态时,谱结构与光子数分布有关,一般为复杂的多峰结构.结果表明,gα对峰位峰高都有影响,破坏了谱结构的对称性,但这种影响只在真空场和弱场时才较明显.     

椭圆偏振强激光场中准直的乙炔分子的高次谐波发射

We perform an experimental study on high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of aligned acetylene molecules induced by a 35-fs 800-nm strong laser field, by using a home-built HHG spectrometer. It is observed that the molecular HHG probability declines with increasing the laser ellipticity, which is in consistence with the deduction from the well-known tunneling-plus-rescattering scenario. By introducing a weak femtosecond laser pulse to nonadiabatically align the molecules, we investigated the molecular orbital effect on the HHG in both linearly and elliptically polarized driving laser fields. The results show that the harmonic intensity is maximum for the molecular axis aligned perpendicularly to the laser electric field. It indicates that both the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and HOMO-1 contribute to the strong-field HHG of acetylene molecules. Our study should pave the way for understanding the interaction of molecules with ultrafast strong laser fields.     

Structure and Stability of Endohedral Complexes X@（HBNH）12

Using quantum chemistry methods B3LYP/6-31＋＋G（d,p） to optimize endohedral complexes X@（HBNH）12 （X=Li^0/＋, Na^0/＋, K^0/＋, Be^0/2＋, Mg^0/2＋, Ca^0/2＋, H and He）, the geometries with the lowest energy were achieved. Inclusion energy, standard equilibrium constant, natural charge, spin density, ionization potentials, and HOMO-LUMO energy gap were also discussed. The calculation predicted that X=Na^0/＋, K^0/＋, Mg^0/2＋, Ca^0/2＋, H and He are nearly located at the center of （HBNH）12 cluster. Li^＋ lies in less than 0.021 nm departure from the center. Li and Be^0/2＋ dramatically deviate from the center. （HBNH）12 prefers to enclose Li^＋, Be^2＋, Mg^2＋, and Ca^2＋ in it than others. Moreover, M@（HBNH）12 （M=Li, Na, K） species are ＂superalkalis＂ in that they possess lower first ionization potentials than the Cs atom （3.9 eV）.     

氮掺杂碳量子点荧光猝灭法检测水中Hg~(2+)

本研究以柠檬酸和乙二胺为碳源,通过一步水热法合成了水溶性氮掺杂碳量子点(N-CQDs)。利用透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)和傅里叶变换红外(FI-IR)光谱对其进行表征。结果表明,N-CQDs的粒径在3nm左右;N-CQDs的表面被-COOH、-NH2、-OH、-CO等官能团功能化,说明N-CQDs有很好的水溶性。研究发现,Hg~(2+)对N-CQDs具有荧光猝灭效应,从而建立了一种快速、高效、选择性检测Hg~(2+)的方法,在优化条件下,Hg~(2+)对N-CQDs的荧光猝灭程度与Hg~(2+)浓度在0.01~1.0mg/L内呈良好的线性关系(R=0.9984),检出限(S/N=3)为8.6μg/L。方法用于环境水样中Hg~(2+)的检测,结果满意。