一种基于热释电效应的X射线荧光分析谱仪

利用热释电晶体实现了一个X射线激发源,并以此激发源和高能量分辨率的硅漂移探测器构建了一个X射线荧光分析谱仪。首先通过分析计算热释电晶体厚度和靶厚度对产生X射线的影响选定了激发源的设计参数;然后测量了激发源发射的X射线本底,其能量范围在1～27 keV,包含有Cu和Ta的特征X射线,最大强度在每秒3 000个计数以上,对本底的测量同时显示出谱仪的探测器部分对Cu的8.05 keV特征峰的分辨率达到210 eV,具有很高的能量分辨率;最后使用该谱仪测试了Fe,Ti和Cr等三种单质样品和高钛玄武岩样品,测试结果表明该谱仪可以有效的分析出样品的元素成分。由于这种X射线荧光分析谱仪的各组成部分体积都很小,进一步便携化后非常适合于非破坏、现场和快速的元素分析场合。     

A prototype silicon detector system for space cosmic-ray charge measurement

A readout electronics system used for space cosmic-ray charge measurement for multi-channel silicon detectors is introduced in this paper, including performance measurements. A 64-channel charge sensitive ASIC （VA140） from the IDEAS company is used. With its features of low power consumption, low noise, large dynamic range, and high integration, it can be used in future particle detecting experiments based on silicon detectors.     

改革物理教学适应市场经济的需要

改革物理教学适应市场经济的需要刘雅清（中国医科大学卫校沈阳１１０００１）１教改目的《中国教育改革和发展纲要》指出：“各级各类职业技术学校要主动适应当地建设和社会主义市场经济的需要．”市场经济对中等专业技术人才的质量提出新的更高的要求．要培养出具有必须...     

嫦娥三号粒子激发X射线谱仪能谱温度影响的修正方法

粒子激发X射线谱仪(APXS)是中国探月工程二期嫦娥三号月球巡视器的有效载荷之一。简要介绍APXS的工作原理、组成部分,以及它在月面的工作环境,通过模拟及实验研究了月面热环境对APXS的影响,结果显示,APXS将工作在显著的变温过程中。相对恒温过程,APXS在变温过程中的能量分辨率明显变差。为了消除该温度效应的影响,提出了一种基于皮尔逊卡方检验(Pearson’s chi-squared test)的修正方法,能够有效提高变温过程中的能量分辨率。通过温度循环试验中变温阶段的数据对该方法进行了测试,结果表明,该方法具有很好的修正效果和较高的可靠性。     

Physical design and Monte Carlo simulations of a space radiation detector onboard the SJ-10 satellite

A radiation gene box (RGB) onboard the SJ-10 satellite is a device carrying mice and drosophila cells to determine the biological effects of space radiation environment. The shielded fluxes of different radioactive sources were calculated and the linear energy transfers of γ-rays, electrons, protons and α-particles in the tissue were acquired using A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic. Then, a conceptual model of a space radiation instrument employing three semiconductor sub-detectors for deriving the charged and uncharged radiation environment of the RGB was designed. The energy depositions in the three sub-detectors were classified into 15 channels (bins) in an algorithm derived from the Monte Carlo method. The physical feasibility of the conceptual instrument was also verified by Monte Carlo simulations.     

Ground-based verification and data processing of Yutu roverActive Particle-induced X-ray Spectrometer

The Active Particle-induced X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) is one of the payloads on board the Yutu rover of the Chang''E-3 mission. In order to assess the instrumental performance of APXS, a ground verification test was performed for two unknown samples (basaltic rock, mixed powder sample). In this paper, the details of the experiment configurations and data analysis method are presented. The results show that the elemental abundance of major elements can be well determined by the APXS with relative deviations <15 wt.% (detection distance=30 mm, acquisition time=30 min). The derived detection limit of each major element is inversely proportional to acquisition time and directly proportional to detection distance, suggesting that the appropriate distance should be <50 mm.     

A prototype silicon detector system for space cosmic-ray charge measurement

A readout electronics system used for space cosmic-ray charge measurement for multi-channel silicon detectors is introduced in this paper, including performance measurements. A 64-channel charge sensitive ASIC (VA140) from the IDEAS company is used. With its features of low power consumption, low noise, large dynamic range, and high integration, it can be used in future particle detecting experiments based on silicon detectors.     

改革理论教学

改革理论教学刘雅清（中国医科大学卫校沈阳１１０００１）卫生中等专业学校是为医院临床、教学、科研等医学部门培养德、智、体全面发展的实用型中等技术人才的．１物理学的教学目标在我校物理课是为生理、病理、解剖等医学基础和专业涉及继续教育奠定基础知识的，使学生...