毛细管电色谱中进样时间对柱效的影响

毛细管电色谱是近年发展起来的一种新型微分离技术，它结合了高效液相色谱和毛细管电泳的物点，具有高效、快速，高选择性，其有关理论研究和应用越来越深入，本文从色谱动力学角度讨论了毛细管电色谱中进样时间对柱的影响。     

超分子钴(Ⅱ)配合物[CoL(H2O)2]n的合成与结构表征

A mononuclear Cobalt(Ⅱ) complex [CoL(H₂O)₂]_n (H₂L: 4,4′,6,6′-Tetrabromo-2,2′-[ethylenedioxybis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol), has been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray diffraction single crystal structure analysis. The crystal of the complex belongs to monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a=2.516 8(3) nm, b=1.023 43(18) nm, c=0.789 17(14) nm, β=91.375(2)°, V=2.032 1(5) nm³, Z=4, D_c=2.317 Mg·m^-3, μ(Mo Kα)=8.747 mm^-1, F(000)=1 356, R₁=0.049 7, wR₂=0.110 4. The crystal structure of [CoL(H₂O)₂]_n indicates that the complex consists of one cobalt(Ⅱ) atom, one L^2- unit and two coordinated water molecules, and the coordination number of the cobalt(Ⅱ) atom is six. One-dimensional chain supramolecular structure is formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking of neighboring benzene rings. CCDC: 652649.     

用GeoGebra软件绘制并分析两个点电荷所成电场

通过GeoGebra软件依据电场线方程动态绘制了真空中两个点电荷周围电场线的分布,并推导出该系统在平面内任一点电场强度大小分布函数,从而在三维坐标系里作出电场强度大小分布图像.GeoGebra软件提供简单易于操作的绘图环境,有助于中学教师和学生切实操作,深刻体会静电场的分布.     

固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人体尿液中4种有机磷农药代谢物

建立了同时测定尿液中4种有机磷类农药代谢物的气相色谱/串联质谱分析方法.尿液样品以WCX固相萃取柱富集提取,乙酸乙酯-乙腈(70∶30,V/V)再萃取,浓缩干燥,甲苯溶解,N-叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基-N-甲基三氟乙酰胺衍生化.采用HP-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)程序升温分离,串联质谱多反应检测,内标法定量.通过比较尿样中代谢物在不同萃取溶剂、固相萃取柱及pH值洗脱液等条件下的回收率,优化了前处理方法.在0.2～ 200 μg/L范围内,4种代谢物峰面积与内标峰面积的比值与质量浓度的线性关系良好(R2≥0.992),方法检出限为0.083 ～0.667μg/L,定量限为0.2～2.0 μg/L,平均回收率为54.1％～68.6％,相对标准偏差均小于8.5％(n=6).本方法稳定、可靠,分析时间短,不需要使用大量有机溶剂,可同时处理大批量样品,适用于人群有机磷类农药暴露情况的评估.     

玉米粉中吡虫啉、三唑酮、乙草胺与异丙甲草胺的QuEChERS/高效液相色谱-串联质谱快速检测

建立了玉米粉中吡虫啉、三唑酮、乙草胺和异丙甲草胺4种常用农药的Qu ECh ERS/高效液相色谱-串联质谱残留分析方法。前处理采用Qu ECh ERS方法,以乙腈为提取剂,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和石墨化碳黑(GCB)为分散净化剂,并利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱在多反应离子监测模式(MRM)下进行检测,基底匹配工作曲线法定量。结果表明:4种农药在0.005~1.000 mg/L浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r2≥0.998);在0.05~1.00 mg/kg加标水平下的平均回收率为74.9%~98.4%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.6%~5.3%;方法检出限(LOD)为0.001~0.26μg/kg;定量下限(LOQ)为0.004~0.867μg/kg。该方法分析速度快、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于玉米粉中吡虫啉、三唑酮、乙草胺和异丙甲草胺4种农药残留的快速检测和确证。     

SYMMETRIES OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS WITH NONLINEAR NONHOLONOMIC CONSTRAINTS

The dynamical symmetries and adjoint symmetries of nonlinear nonholonomic constrained mechanical systems are analysed in two kinds of geometrical frameworks whose evolution equations are Routh's equations and generalized Chaplygin's equations, respectively. The Lagrangian inverse problem and the interrelation between Noether's symmetries and dynamical symmetries are briefly concerned with. Finally an illustrative example is analysed.     

光纤光栅传感系统信号解调技术的研究

波长编码信号的解调是光纤光栅传感系统进入实用化的关键技术之一。本文讨论了光纤光栅传感信号解调的基本原理，分析了国内外提出的常用解调方法的工作机理和特点，并总结了信号解调过程中存在的主要技术难点，指出其发展方向，为光纤光栅传感系统解调部分的设计提供了依据。     

花生蛋白组分及其亚基含量近红外分析检测方法

花生球蛋白、伴花生球蛋白及亚基含量显著影响蛋白质的凝胶性和溶解性等功能特性,进而影响其在肉制品、植物蛋白饮料中的应用效果.目前常采用提取蛋白质后再用电泳及光密度法测定球蛋白、伴球蛋白及亚基含量的方法,操作步骤繁琐,样品损失量大.为此收集了178个花生品种,分别提取蛋白,采用电泳法测定球蛋白、伴球蛋白、23.5和37.5...     

基于交叉偏振波产生的脉冲净化技术研究与应用

本文利用交叉偏振波产生技术(XPW)对800 nm波段钛宝石飞秒激光器输出的激光脉冲进行时域净化, 提高脉冲时域对比度, 并测量验证了10¹¹对比度的脉冲, 达到测量仪器的动态范围极限, 比初始脉冲时域对比度有三个量级的提高, XPW的效率为22%. 同时发现净化后脉冲光谱宽度也得到一定展宽, 进一步利用啁啾镜对和补偿片对净化后的脉冲进行色散补偿, 得到25 fs脉宽的脉冲. 利用该净化后的激光脉冲作为种子注入已有的太瓦级钛宝石啁啾脉冲放大系统中, 在输出脉冲能量250 mJ, 宽度50 fs, 对应峰值功率5 TW的情况下, 在主脉冲前100 ps以外的范围内测量验证了10¹¹的脉冲对比度.     

Hash function based on the generalized Henon map

A new Hash function based on the generalized Henon map is proposed. We have obtained a binary sequence with excellent pseudo-random characteristics through improving the sequence generated by the generalized Henon map, and use it to construct Hash function. First we divide the message into groups, and then carry out the Xor operation between the ASCII value of each group and the binary sequence, the result can be used as the initial values of the next loop. Repeat the procedure until all the groups have been processed, and the final binary sequence is the Hash value. In the scheme, the initial values of the generalized Henon map are used as the secret key and the messages are mapped to Hash values with a designated length. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has strong diffusion and confusion capability, good collision resistance, large key space, extreme sensitivity to message and secret key, and it is easy to be realized and extended.