读者与编者

读者与编者最近有读者来信对本刊问题解答栏中的问题提出不同的解法，有些解答确实比较简捷．由于篇幅限制不一一列出，下面仅录两例：８４５设ｘ１，…，ｘｎ都是正数，且ｘ１＋…＋ｘｎ＝１，求证：证由柯西不等式得（新疆奎屯尹文华解答）感谢读者对本刊的关心及支持，...     

一种新型碳电极材料的制备及其电化学性质研究

进入21世纪，汽车也成为了主要的交通工具，随着带来的问题是废旧轮胎的增加，然而到目前为止还没有一种有效的方法回收利用这些废旧轮胎，目前的主要处理方法是将轮胎以垃圾形式进行填埋，然而轮胎是很难分解的，因此带来了严重的环境污染问题。目前我国在废旧轮胎回收上还存在技术比较落后，再生产品单一，同时每年全国仍有大量的废旧轮胎不能得以及时回收处理。到目前为止，还没有关于以轮胎粉制作电极材料的报导。合理利用废旧轮胎制备电极材料，既能有效解决黑色污染，又能制备出价值更大的电极材料，带来良好的经济效益。     

银鲫卵对两类精核发育的初级控制作用模式的研究

通过对银鲫(雌核发育型)和红鲤、红鲫、转性红鲤(两性融合发育型)两类精子在雌核发育银鲫卵中的不同发育行为的比较研究,初步证实银鲫卵的初级控制对精核发育的抑制作用具有选择性:对同源精子,初级控制呈负抑制作用模式,精核可以在银鲫卵中不同程度的发育;而对异源精子,初级控制呈正抑制作用模式,精核处于固缩状态.两类精核在银鲫卵质中的特殊发育行为可能与银鲫种群中性比的变化存在着某种关系,雄性银鲫的出现可能与“精核遗传物质”的随机渗入有关。     

丙烯酸化环状磷腈/环氧丙烯酸酯光固化体系热降解动力学研究

以TGA为手段, 进行了丙烯酸化环状磷腈/环氧丙烯酸酯光固化体系热降解动力学的研究, 同时与加入粉末状环状磷腈混合体系进行了对照. 采用Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa和Friedman三种方法计算了固化膜降解反应活化能, 证明了磷腈结构的引入, 使得体系在高温阶段的活化能有所提高, 表明降解变得困难, 热稳定性得到提高. 而反应型丙烯酸化环状磷腈相对粉末状环状磷腈混合体系具有更高的降解活化能.     

对“Amount of substance”的中文译名的意见——呼吁中国化学会重视基本化学名词的命名工作

1971年第十四届国际计量大会(CGPM)接受IUPAC和ISO等建议,确认“Amount of substance”是与长度、质量等并列的,具有独立量纲的基本量。大会通过决议把严格定义的摩尔(mol)作为它的单位。基本量及其单位是国际单位制的基础。化学、分子物理学常用的量诸如:浓度、反应进度、生成焓、标准熵等等     

Overview of finite elements simulation of temperature profile to estimate properties of materials 3D-printed by laser powder-bed fusion

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF),like many other additive manufacturing techniques,offers flexibility in design expected to become a disruption to the manufacturing industry.The current cost of LPBF process does not favor a try-anderror way of research,which makes modelling and simulation a field of superior importance in that area of engineering.In this work,various methods used to overcome challenges in modeling at different levels of approximation of LPBF process are reviewed.Recent efforts made towards a reliable and computationally effective model to simulate LPBF process using finite element(FE)codes are presented.A combination of ray-tracing technique,the solution of the radiation transfer equation and absorption measurements has been used to establish an analytical equation,which gives a more accurate approximation of laser energy deposition in powder-substrate configuration.When this new analytical energy deposition model is used in in FE simulation,with other physics carefully set,it enables us to get reliable cooling curves and melt track morphology that agree well with experimental observations.The use of more computationally effective approximation,without explicit topological changes,allows to simulate wider geometries and longer scanning time leading to many applications in real engineering world.Different applications are herein presented including:prediction of printing quality through the simulated overlapping of consecutive melt tracks,simulation of LPBF of a mixture of materials and estimation of martensite inclusion in printed steel.     

Result of search for low velocity exotic particles

The L3＋C experiment, taking advantage of the L3 muon magnetic spectrometer, measured the spatial tracks of charged cosmic ray particles to obtain rigidity as well as velocity. One possible low velocity exotic particle is observed. The existing uncertainties are discussed, and the flux upper limit of the low velocity exotic particles from this observation is deduced based on the assumption of a null observation. The result is 6.2×10^-10 cm^-2·s^-1·sr^-1 at 90% confidence level in the velocity range from 0.04c to 0.5c.     

在甘巴拉山上观测ΣE_r≥1000TeV的γ线族事例

介绍了甘巴拉山乳胶室实验中,观测大族的初步结果。讨论了ΣE_γ≥1000TeV_γ线族的特性,并与Monte Carlo模拟结果进行了比较。     

羊八井50m2RPC实验及初步测试结果

介绍了羊八井50m²电阻板室(RPC)地毯实验的结构、安装和对其性能的初步测试.测试的结果表明RPC完全能够很好地在海拔4300m,气压594mbar的羊八井宇宙线观测站正常地运行.     

载波电桥法测磁致伸缩系数

载波电桥法测磁致伸缩系数汪逸新，闫专怀（常熟高等专科学校２１５５００）（泰安师范专科学校２７１０００）引言铁磁质的磁畴在外磁场作用下会定向排列，从而引起介质中晶格间距的改变，致使铁磁体发生长度和体积的变化，这种现象称为磁致伸缩．磁致伸缩技术用于机械振...