Beryllium (boron) clustering quest in relativistic multifragmentation (BECQUEREL Project)

A physical program of irradiation of emulsions in beams of relativistic nuclei named the BECQUEREL Project is reviewed. It is destined to study in detail the processes of relativistic fragmentation of light radioactive and stable nuclei. The expected results would make it possible to answer some topical questions concerning the cluster structure of light nuclei. Owing to the best spatial resolution, the nuclear emulsions would enable one to obtain unique and evident results. The most important irradiations will be performed in the secondary beams of He, Be, B, C, and N radioactive nuclei formed on the basis of JINR Nuclotron beams of stable nuclei. We present results on the charged state topology of relativistic fragmentation of the ¹⁰B nucleus at low energy-momentum transfers as the first step of the research.     

Investigation of clustering in light nuclei by means of relativistic-multifragmentation processes

New results concerning the topology of the fragmentation of relativistic nuclei ⁷Li and ¹⁰B are presented. A program is proposed for studying the cluster structure of stable and radioactive nuclei. The use of emulsions in the investigation of nuclear clustering in the fragmentation of light nuclei at energies are in excess of 1 GeV per nucleon is discussed.     

Exchange model of displacement in porous media

A displacement model constructed on the assumption of the exchange of components between the volumes of the pore space moving and not moving in the direction of displacement is considered. The theoretical solution is shown to be in good agreement with the actual results of the displacement of oil by water. Criterial equations for predicting the interphase exchange coefficient and the relation between the nonmoving and moving volumes of the pore space are constructed on the basis of a series of experiments in uncemented porous media.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, pp. 91–97. January–February, 1991.     

Statistical Analysis of Differential Potentiometric Precipitation Titration Data for a Mixture of Three Heterovalent Ions Using Linear Characteristics

A computer-based method is proposed for data processing in the successive potentiometric precipitation titration of a three-component mixture of differently charged ions. It is based on a piecewise transformation of the titration curve into linear regression characteristics, the parameters of which determine the successive equivalence points and the solubility products of the precipitates formed in the course of titration to the accuracy of least-squares estimates. To implement the calculation algorithm, a DIFTITR2 program written in Turbo Pascal was developed. The method was tested on the titration of an artificial solution containing a mixture of Cd(II), Hg(II), and Te(IV) with diethyldithiocarbamate, using a chalcogenide Cd-selective or a glassy-carbon indicator electrode, and was used for the analysis of the main components in a semiconductor material, namely, a solid solution of mercury and cadmium tellurides. For concentrations of test ions in the model solution from 7.5 × 10^–3 to 3 × 10^–4 M, the RSD value varies from 0.01 to 0.3; the determination error does not exceed 6%. The RSD value for the semiconductor alloy lies in the range of from 0.002 to 0.01.     

Use of Linear Regression for the Processing of Curves of Differential Potentiometric Titration of a Binary Mixture of Heterovalent Ions Using Precipitation Reactions

A method is proposed for the computer processing of curves of differential potentiometric titration of a binary mixture of heterovalent ions using precipitation reactions. The method is based on the transformation of the titration curve to piecewise linear characteristics, whose parameters (within the accuracy of the least-squares method) determine the sequence of the equivalence points and solubility products of the resulting precipitates. The computational algorithm is implemented as a Turbo-Pascal program DIFTITR. The method is applied to the titration of Ag(I)–Cd(II), Hg(II)–Te(IV), and Cd(II)–Te(IV) mixtures by a sodium diethyldithiocarbamate solution with membrane sulfide and glassy carbon indicator electrodes. For 4 to 11 mg of the analyte in 50 mL of the solution, RSD varies from 1 to 9%.     

Dual Variational Form of the Model of Thermal Explosion in a Quiescent Medium with Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity

Based on the dual variational formulation of the nonlinear stationary heat conduction problem, a mathematical model is constructed that describes the temperature state of a stationary medium in a volume of an arbitrary shape. The thermal conductivity of the medium and the volumetric energy release depend on the temperature. This model is applied to analyzing the conditions of thermal explosion in an infinitely long circular cylinder for exponential temperature dependences of the above parameters. In the particular case of constant thermal conductivity of this cylinder, a comparison with the published results is carried out.     

Boundary-Value Problem for Functional-Differential Advanced-Retarded Tricomi Equation

We investigate the boundary-value problem for Tricomi mixed-type equation with multiple functional retarding and advancing. We construct the general solution to the equation. The problem is uniquely solvable.