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1.
For improved mechanical and water‐swelling properties of chitosan films, a series of transparent films were prepared with dialdehyde starch as a crosslinking agent. Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray analysis results demonstrated that the formation of Schiff's base disturbed the crystallization of chitosan. The mechanical properties and water‐swelling properties of the films were significantly improved. The best values of the tensile strength and breaking elongation were 113.1 MPa and 27.0%, respectively, when the dialdehyde starch content was 5%. All the crosslinked films still retained obvious antimicrobial effects toward S. aureus and E. coli, and they showed potential for biomedical applications. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 993–997, 2003 相似文献
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本征值问题是自然科学中基本运算之一,对于超大矩阵的对角化是当今许多科学问题的瓶颈。在应用原子核壳模型理论研究较重的原子核结构时,因为壳模型组态太大,通常的方法是基于各种物理考虑做某些组态截断,另一个思路是利用新的算法和飞速发展的计算机资源对这些大矩阵对角化或者近似对角化。总结了本课题组近年来在壳模型哈密顿量本征值近似方面研究的主要结果,包括最低本征值半经验公式及多种外推方法、本征值与对角元的相关性等。The eigenvalue problem is one of the fundamental issues of sciences. Many research fields have been challenged by diagonalizing huge matrices. The nuclear structure theorists face this problem in studies of medium-heavynuclei in terms of the nuclear shell model, in which the configuration space is too gigantic to handle. Thus one usually truncates the nuclear shell model configuration space based on various considerations. Another approach is to make use of super computers by various algorithms, and/or to obtain approximate eigenvalues. In this paper we review our recent efforts in obtaining approximate eigenvalues of the nuclear shell model Hamiltonian, with the focus on our semi-empirical approach and a number of extrapolation approaches towards predicting the lowest eigenvalue, as well as strong correlation between the sorted eigenvalues and the diagonal matrix elements, and so on. 相似文献
4.
核电池具有能量密度高、工作稳定可靠、无需人工干预等优点,在需要长期稳定供电的场合具有独特优势,其中热转换式核电池(RTG)是技术最为成熟且应用最早的一类,而β辐射伏特效应核电池已有商业化案例。目前,在β辐射伏特效应核电池研究中存在着放射源自吸收效应浪费能量、转化效率低、换能器件辐射损伤严重等问题,而对于一个实际的核电池,由于放射源自身不断衰变的属性,导致源的成分及其活度随着时间而发生变化,最终影响核电池的电学性能,其影响程度需要加以深入研究。本文以时间轴的形式对核电池的发展进行了全面回顾,简要介绍多种主流类型核电池的原理和应用范围;对于β辐射伏特效应核电池,指出放射源的自吸收是其中的关键科学问题。对于使用63Ni和TiT2放射源的核电池,给出了其电学性能随时间变化的规律;指出对于某一特定结构的β辐射伏特效应核电池设计,在前期的模拟优化环节中,精细计算是至关重要的;最后提出了将放射源与换能材料相结合、使用含有较重同位素的换能器件的设想,这些设想有利于解决放射源自吸收问题、提高核电池输出功率和减轻辐射损伤的影响。 相似文献
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α-呋喃酯的结构与红外光谱特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
总结和归属了α-呋喃甲酸酯α-呋喃甲醇酯和α-呋喃丙烯酸酯的主要红外吸收谱带和特征,讨论了其红外吸收频率随取代基结构而变化的规律。结果表明:α-呋喃环存在三个明显的吸收特征,α-呋喃丙烯酸酯中VC=C约为1641cm^-1,δ=C-H面外变角振动频率为973cm^-1,表明双键为反式构型。VC=O约为1713cm^-1,C-O-C键对称与伸缩振动在1305,1262和1165cm^-1处产生三个强 相似文献
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铁电材料拥有自发电极化, 不同的极化方向会对异质结的电子结构产生可逆的和非易失性的影响. 本工作采用分子束外延技术在二维铁电材料α-In2Se3 衬底上成功制备了 Pb 纳米岛构建 Pb/α-In2Se3 超导铁电异质结,并通过扫描隧道显微镜表征了其表面原子结构与电子结构. 进一步的扫描隧道谱测量显示不同层厚 Pb 岛的量子阱态消失, 并且我们在4.5 K 的温度下没有观察到超导能隙, 表明铁电衬底会影响 Pb 岛的电子结构, 甚至其超导特性. 这些发现为理解铁电衬底对超导性的影响提供了参考, 并为调控低维量子材料中的电子结构及超导性提供了新的思路. 相似文献
7.
Guifang YuanPengfei Lu Lihong HanZhongyuan Yu Yue ShenLong Zhao Yumin Liu 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2011,406(18):3498-3501
The structural and electronic properties of neutral and negatively charged Ga12X (X=C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) clusters are calculated by the first-principles method. The results show that the most stable symmetry depends on the doped atom rather than the geometry structure. However, the geometry symmetry plays an important role in calculating the energy gap. In addition, in the anionic clusters, the added electron would reduce the energy gap by about 0.4 eV. As for the density of states (DOS), clusters with the same symmetry show a similar trend of DOS. The major impact on DOS by adding an electron is the occurrence of relative energy shift. 相似文献
8.
Chinh Tam Le Daniel J. Clark Farman Ullah Velusamy Senthilkumar Joon I. Jang Yumin Sim Maeng‐Je Seong Koo‐Hyun Chung Hyoyeol Park Yong Soo Kim 《Annalen der Physik》2016,528(7-8):551-559
In this study, we utilized picosecond pulses from an Nd:YAG laser to investigate the nonlinear optical characteristics of monolayer MoSe2. Two‐step growth involving the selenization of pulsed‐laser‐deposited MoO3 film was employed to yield the MoSe2 monolayer on a SiO2/Si substrate. Raman scattering, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy verified the high optical quality of the monolayer. The second‐order susceptibility χ(2) was calculated to be ~50 pm V?1 at the second harmonic wavelength ~810 nm, which is near the optical gap of the monolayer. Interestingly, our wavelength‐dependent second harmonic scan can identify the bound excitonic states including negatively charged excitons much more efficiently, compared with the PL method at room temperature. Additionally, the MoSe2 monolayer exhibits a strong laser‐induced damage threshold ~16 GW cm?2 under picosecond‐pulse excitation. Our findings suggest that monolayer MoSe2 can be considered as a promising candidate for high‐power, thin‐film‐based nonlinear optical devices and applications. 相似文献
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10.
The moving least-square approximation is discussed first. Sometimes the method can form an ill-conditioned equation system,
and thus the solution cannot be obtained correctly. A Hilbert space is presented on which an orthogonal function system mixed
a weight function is defined. Next the improved moving least-square approximation is discussed in detail. The improved method
has higher computational efficiency and precision than the old method, and cannot form an ill-conditioned equation system.
A boundary element-free method (BEFM) for elastodynamics problems is presented by combining the boundary integral equation
method for elastodynamics and the improved moving least-square approximation. The boundary element-free method is a meshless
method of boundary integral equation and is a direct numerical method compared with others, in which the basic unknowns are
the real solutions of the nodal variables and the boundary conditions can be applied easily. The boundary element-free method
has a higher computational efficiency and precision. In addition, the numerical procedure of the boundary element-free method
for elastodynamics problems is presented in this paper. Finally, some numerical examples are given. 相似文献