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1.
A. J. Abu El-Haija K. A. Al-Saleh N. A. Halim J. M. Khalifeh N. S. Saleh 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1988,120(2):387-392
The ion-beam mixing of Sn thin film evaporated on silicon has been investigated by continuously measuring the electrical resistivity of the sample during irradiation by Kr ions. The resistivity results exhibit a tendency toward a saturation process and allow the determination of the critical dose corresponding to the total mixing condition. The variation of the volume fraction of intermixed atoms as a function of the ion dose has been deduced and compared with a semiempirical formula to explain the observed mixing kinetics. A linear dependence of the volume fraction of the intermixed atoms on the fluence is observed, which is a signature of recoil type mixing. 相似文献
2.
The effects of added unmodified amylopectin starch, modified amylopectin starch and amylose starch on the formation and properties of emulsions (4 wt.% corn oil) made with an extensively hydrolysed commercial whey protein (WPH) product under a range of conditions were examined. The rate of coalescence was calculated based on the changes in the droplet size of the emulsions during storage at 20 degrees C. The rates of creaming and coalescence in emulsions containing amylopectin starches were enhanced with increasing concentration of the starches during storage for up to 7 days. At a given starch concentration, the rate of coalescence was higher in the emulsions containing modified amylopectin starch than in those containing unmodified amylopectin starch, whereas it was lowest in the emulsions containing amylose starch. All emulsions containing unmodified and modified amylopectin starches showed flocculation of oil droplets by a depletion mechanism. However, flocculation was not observed in the emulsions containing amylose starch. The extent of flocculation was considered to correlate with the rate of coalescence of oil droplets. The different rates of coalescence could be explained on the basis of the strength of the depletion potential, which was dependent on the molecular weight and the radius of gyration of the starches. At high levels of starch addition (>1.5%), the rate of coalescence decreased gradually, apparently because of the high viscosity of the aqueous phase caused by the starch. 相似文献
3.
[reaction: see text] A highly stereocontrolled synthesis of the C1-C16 ABC spiroacetal-containing fragment 5 of PTX7 (4) has been achieved. Appendage of the C ring to the AB fragment involved Wittig reaction of spiroacetal aldehyde 8 with a stabilized ylide 9 followed by displacement of allylic iodide 27 with a lithium acetylide to afford enyne 7. Fructose-derived chiral dioxirane and dihydroxylation were then used to introduce the correct functionality in the tetrahydrofuran C ring. 相似文献
4.
Herman Halim Helmut Schwarz John K. Terlouw Karsten Levsen 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》1983,18(4):147-149
By means of collisional activation mass spectrometry and semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations (MNDO) it is shown that the [C2H5O2]+ ions from metastable molecular ions of n-pentanoic and hexanoic acid have the structure of carbonyl protonated acetic acid [CH3C(OH)2]+. The MNDO calculated geometries of this ion and some other isomeric forms are given together with the ΔHf0 values. 相似文献
5.
Contributions to the Chemistry of Halosilane Adducts. XXII. Hydrogen Bonding and Ionization of Pentacoordinated Si-Compounds. Preparation, Properties, Crystal and Molecular Structure of 2,2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-[1,4,2]diazasilolo[4,5-α]pyridinium-chloride-Chloroform(1/1), The title compound ( 1 ) is obtained by the reaction of 2-trimethylsilylaminopyridine and Me2CH2ClSiCl in CHCl3. The SiCl bond is ionic (X-ray structure determination). 1 crystallizes monoclinic space group P21/c (Z = 8). The asymmetric unit contains two symmetrically nonequivalent molecular cations of 1 , two Cl anions and two CHCl3. Silicon is tetracoordinate with Si? N-bond distances of 1.766 Å and 1.777 Å. The shortest SiCl distances (3.908 and 4.110 Å) correspond to ionic interactions. Both Cl anions are hydrogen bonded to CHC13. Additionally one C1? is hydrogen bonded to the NH groups of two neighbouring cations. Structural comparison with related compounds suggests these interactions to be responsible for the transition from pentacoordination to tetracoordination at Si (ionization of the Sic1 bond). 1H- and 29Si-NMR investigations of 1 show this transition to be dependent on the combined effect of NH…?C1? and C13CH…?C1? interactions. 1 is completely ionized in CDCl3 in the temperature range ?80° to +80°C while in the weaker acceptor solvent benzonitrile a temperature dependent shift from the ionic tetracoordinate to the pentacoordinate structure is observed with increasing pentacoordination with increase of temperature. 相似文献
6.
Margaret A Brimble Caryn Burgess Rosliana Halim Maria Petersson Jayanta Ray 《Tetrahedron》2004,60(27):5751-5758
The uncatalyzed reaction of N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxypyrrole 3 with 1,4-quinones bearing an electron withdrawing group at C-2 has been studied. Use of 1,4-quinones 4, 5 bearing an ester group at C-2 provided an efficient synthesis of the respective pyrrolidinobenzofuran adduct 9 or pyrrolidinonaphthofuran adduct 10 whereas use of 1,4-quinones 6, 7 and 8 bearing an acetyl group at C-2 afforded silyloxypyrroles 11, 12 and 13 resulting from direct electrophilic substitution of the silyloxypyrrole by the electrophilic quinone. Addition of Eu(fod)3 to the reaction of 2-acetyl-1,4-naphthoquinone 7 and 3-acetyl-5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 8 with N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxypyrrole 3 provided a method for obtaining the pyrrolidinonaphthofuran adducts 14 and 15 together with silyloxypyrroles 12 and 13. Oxidative rearrangement of pyrrolidinonaphthofuran adduct 15 to pyrrolidino pyranonaphthoquinone 16 using ceric ammonium nitrate in acetonitrile provided a novel approach for the synthesis of an aza-analogue of the pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic kalafungin. 相似文献
7.
A new Schiff base ligand (HL) was prepared via a condensation reaction of quinoline‐2‐carboxaldhyde with 2‐aminophenol in a molar ratio of 1:1. Its transition metal mixed ligand complexes with 1,10‐phenanthroline (1,10‐phen) as co‐ligand were also synthesized in a 1:1:1 ratio. HL and its mixed ligand complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, infrared, 1H NMR, mass and UV–visible spectroscopies, molar conductance, magnetic measurements, solid reflectance, thermal analysis, electron spin resonance and X‐ray diffraction. Molar conductance measurements showed that all complexes have an electrolytic nature, except Cd(II) complex. From elemental and spectral data, the formulae [M(L)(1,10‐phen)(H2O)]Clx?nH2O (where M = Cr(III) (x = n = 2), Mn(II) and Ni(II) (x = 1, n = 2), Fe(III) (x = n = 2), Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) (x = 1, n = 2)) and [Cd(L)(1,10‐phen)Cl]?3H2O for the metal complexes have been proposed. The geometric structures of complexes were found to be octahedral. Powder X‐ray diffraction reflected the crystalline nature of the complexes; however, the Schiff base is amorphous. HL and its mixed ligand complexes were screened against Gram‐positive bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). Antifungal activity was determined against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans, the data showing that most complexes had activity less than that of the Schiff base while Mn(II), Fe(III) and Ni(II) complexes showed no significant antifungal activity. The anticancer activity of HL and its metal complexes was also studied against breast and colon cell lines. The metal complexes showed IC50 higher than that of HL, especially the Cu(II) complex which showed the highest IC50 against breast cell line. 相似文献
8.
Masoud Behzad Karel Samec Sang-In Bak Yacine Kadi Claudio Tenreiro Seung-Woo Hong Jong-Seo Chai 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2014,299(2):1001-1006
A worldwide challenge in the near future will be to find a way of producing radioisotopes in sufficient quantity without relying on research reactors. The motivation for this innovative work on targets lies in the accelerator-based production of radioisotopes using a neutron converter target as in the transmutation by adiabatic resonance crossing concept. Thermal analysis of a multi-channel helium cooled device is performed with the computational fluid dynamics code CFX. Different boundary conditions are taken into account in the simulation process and many important parameters such as maximum allowable solid target temperature as well as uniform inlet velocity and outlet pressure changes in the channels are investigated. The results confirm that the cooling configuration works well; hence such a solid target could be operated safely and may be considered for a prototype target. 相似文献
9.
The problem of estimating the proportion of satisfiable instances of a given CSP (constraint satisfaction problem) can be tackled through weighting. It consists in putting onto each solution a non-negative real value based on its neighborhood in a way that the total weight is at least 1 for each satisfiable instance. We define in this paper a general weighting scheme for the estimation of satisfiability of general CSPs. First we give some sufficient conditions for a weighting system to be correct. Then we show that this scheme allows for an improvement on the upper bound on the existence of non-trivial cores in 3-SAT obtained by Maneva and Sinclair (2008) [17] to 4.419. Another more common way of estimating satisfiability is ordering. This consists in putting a total order on the domain, which induces an orientation between neighboring solutions in a way that prevents circuits from appearing, and then counting only minimal elements. We compare ordering and weighting under various conditions. 相似文献
10.
Two novel amino acids imine ligands (H2L1 and H2L2) have been synthesized using green condensation reaction from 2‐[3‐Amino‐5‐(2‐hydroxy‐phenyl)‐5‐methyl‐1,5‐dihydro‐[1, 2, 4]triazol‐4‐yl]‐3‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐propionic acid with benzaldehyde/p‐flouro benzaldehyde (1:1 molar ratio) in the presence of lemon juice as a natural acidic catalyst in aqueous medium. Their transition metal complexes have been prepared in a molar ratio (1:1). Characterization of the ligands and complexes using elemental analysis, spectroscopic studies, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and thermal analysis has been reported. E*, ΔH*, ΔS* and ΔG* thermodynamic parameters, were calculated to throw more light on the nature of changes accompanying the thermal decomposition process of these complexes. The molar conductance measurement of metal complexes showed nonelectrolyte behavior. The metal complexes of the two ligands have tetrahedral geometry with a general molecular structure [M(H2L)Xn], where [(M = Mn (II), Co (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II), X = Cl, n = 2]; M = VO (II), X = SO4, n = 1] for H2L1. [M = Co (II), Cu (II), Zn (II)] for H2L2. Antibacterial activity of the complexes against (Bacillis subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli), also antifungal activity against (Aspergillus niger, Candida Glabarta, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) have been screened. The results showed that all complexes have antimicrobial activity higher than free ligands. Molecular docking studies results showed that, all the synthesized compounds having minimum binding energy and have good affinity toward the active pocket, thus, they may be considered as good inhibitor of targeting PDB code: 1SC7 (Human DNA Topo‐isomerase I). 相似文献