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The chemical equilibrium and reaction kinetic behavior in the synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(DMMn) were investigated over sulfated titania in order to reveal the decisive factor controlling the reaction. The results showed that the molar ratio of adjacent DMMn products in equilibrium solution had the same value, which depended absolutely on the reaction temperature. Meanwhile, the reactions had the same DMMn products distributions under varied reaction conditions. The equilibrium constants of the related step-wise reactions for DMMn formation were equal, which were calculated based on the bulk compositions of the reaction solution. And thus, the selectivity to DMMn was mainly controlled by the chemical equilibrium, i.e., thermodynamic control. In brief, the present results provide some guidance for future synthesis of DMMn. 相似文献
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Suzhou Li Yoshiaki Kawajiri Jörg Raisch Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(33):5349-5357
A new improvement based on outlet fractionation and feedback has been developed for simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography. In this contribution, this fractionation and feedback SMB (FF-SMB) concept is extended to the general scenario which integrates a simultaneous fractionation of both outlet streams. A model-based optimization approach, previously adopted to investigate single fractionation, is extended to consider this flexible fractionation policy. Quantitative optimization studies based on a specific separation problem reveal that the double fractionation is the most efficient operating scheme in terms of maximum feed throughput, while the two existing single fractionation modes discussed in our previous study are also significantly superior to the conventional SMB operation. The advantages of the double fractionation extension are further demonstrated in terms of several more detailed performance criteria. In order to evaluate the applicability of the fractionation and feedback modification, the effect of product purity, adsorption selectivity, column efficiency and column number on the relative potential of FF-SMB over SMB is examined. 相似文献
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In our early researches, lanthanum and cerium could enter plant and bind to porphyrin of chlorophyll to form Ln3+-chllorophyll. La and Ce greatly increase photosystem II (PSII) activity and PSII electron transport rate, and the fluorescence emission peaks of PSII are blue-shifted [1—4]. Do REEs coordinate with PSII reaction center complex in vivo? Moreover, do REEs coordinate with D1(30 kD)/D2(32 kD)/Cytb559 (~9 kD) reaction center complex of site of producing pri-mary reaction-p… 相似文献
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Pb2+对α-淀粉酶活性的影响及其光谱学研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
洪法水 《光谱学与光谱分析》2003,23(3):583-586
在α 淀粉酶介质中加入Pb2 ,通过光谱学手段研究Pb2 对α 淀粉酶活性影响的作用机理。结果表明低浓度的Pb2 对酶有激活作用 ,高浓度则严重抑制酶活性。在高浓度下 ,Pb2 能完全竞争出α 淀粉酶中的Ca2 而结合到了α 淀粉酶上 ,其EXAFS的测试表明Pb2 与氨基酸残基上的羧基氧发生了配位 ,配位数为 2 ,Pb—O键长为 0 2 34nm。圆二色 (CD)谱测试表明 ,高浓度的Pb2 结合使α 淀粉酶的二级结构被破坏 ,α 螺旋含量、β 转角及无规则卷曲大量下降 ,β 折叠、二硫键含量大量增多 ,Pb2 的这种完全结合致使酶的构象改变 ,形成无效的酶 Pb2 底物复合物 ,因而使酶失去活性。 相似文献
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Ruoyu Hong * Jianmin Ding Guoliang Zheng College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering Soochow University Suzhou P. R. China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China IBM HYDA/- C Highway North Rochester MN USA *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rhong@suda.edu.cn 《中国颗粒学报》2004,2(5):207-214
1. Introduction1.1 Silica nanoparticles and synthesis methods Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles are widely used in industry asan active filler for polymer reinforcement, a rheologicaladditive in fluids, a free flow agent in powders, and anagent for chemical mechanical polishing during IC (inte-grated circuit) fabrication (Sniegowski & de Boer, 2000).Silica powder is also used for producing silicon carbide(Koc & Cattamanchi, 1998) or opaque silica aerosols (Leeet al., 1995). Many methods can … 相似文献
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ZHANG JunQiang & LI XianHua School of Mathematical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China 《中国科学 数学(英文版)》2010,(5)
Let G be a finite p-group.If the order of the derived subgroup of each proper subgroup of G divides pi,G is called a Di-group.In this paper,we give a characterization of all D1-groups.This is an answer to a question introduced by Berkovich. 相似文献
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Eu(Pr)替代Ba位对EuBa2Cu3O7-δ晶体结构及其超导电性的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用X射线衍射、直流输运和拉曼光谱法分别研究了Pr和Eu替代EuBa2 Cu3O7 δ的Ba位对晶体结构及其超导电性的影响。实验结果表明 ,随着Pr和Eu替代浓度的增加 ,晶体结构发生了从正交相到四方相的结构转变 ,超导临界温度Tc 迅速降低 ,拉曼光谱表明 ,随着替代含量的增加 ,Cu(1)—O(4 )的拉伸振动 5 0 4cm- 1 和Cu(2 )—O(2 ,3)反相弯曲的振动模 30 4cm- 1 系统地向高波数移动。 相似文献