On the local fractional wave equation in fractal strings

The key aim of the present study is to attain nondifferentiable solutions of extended wave equation by making use of a local fractional derivative describing fractal strings by applying local fractional homotopy perturbation Laplace transform scheme. The convergence and uniqueness of the obtained solution by using suggested scheme is also examined. To determine the computational efficiency of offered scheme, some numerical examples are discussed. The results extracted with the aid of this technique verify that the suggested algorithm is suitable to execute, and numerical computational work is very interesting.     

Diorganotin(IV) complexes derived from thiazole Schiff bases: synthesis,characterization, antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Organotin(IV) complexes are gaining major attention as drug candidates, accordingly we have synthesized a cluster of novel diorganotin(IV) complexes R2SnClL...     

Preparation, molecular weight determination and structural studies of (polyvinylpyrrolidone)-oximate silico-benzoyl glycine copolymer with IR spectroscopy

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-oximate silico-benzoyl glycine (POSBG), a glycine copolymer, has been prepared with PVP-oxime and benzoyl glycine in 1 : 1 ratio, w/w, in ethanol medium.The ethanolic solution with silicic acid [Si(OH)4] as binder in same ratio was refluxed for 2-3 h resulting in a colloidal solution, which was further refluxed for 2 h and cooled to 37 degrees C for 15 min. After this a whitish solid material settled, which was separated by vacuum filtration followed by washing several times with aqueous ethanol at ordinary conditions. The average viscosity molecular weights Mv of PVP-oxime and the copolymer were determined with their respective dilute aqueous solutions. Primarily the calibration curves between the intrinsic viscosity (eta) data and their respective molecular weights of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) (marker)have been obtained to determine the Mv of oxime. Similarly the Mv of the copolymer was determined with the (eta) data of lysozyme (molecular weight=24,000 g mol(-1)), egg albumin(40,000 g mol (-1)) and BSA (65,000 g mol (-1)). The IR spectra of the PVP-oxime and copolymer were recorded in Nujol, which do not depict band frequency of -OH group of the binder. The 1602, 1688, 1182 and 1127 cm-1 stretching vibration frequencies noted in the spectra infer the presence of -C=N, -C=O, -Si-O-Si- and -Si-O-C- functional groups, respectively, in the copolymer.     

A programming model for the economic use of power cables

Summary An attempt is made here to implicate the technical problem of power cables into programming language. Economic use of power cables demand consideration of various cost-factors, both of technical and commercial character. The problem is mathematically solved to derive the condition for minimum of costs or — in other words — for optimum use of a cable. Graphical exhibits clearly demarcate the optimum use of cables under changes in cost-factors. The problem simultaneously tries to differentiate between the criterions of technical maximum and economic optimum.

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Zusammenfassung Es wird das technische Problem elektrischer Kabel als ein solches der Programmierung formuliert. Der ökonomische Einsatz von Kabeln verlangt die Heranziehung der verschiedenen Kostenfaktoren sowohl technischen wie kommerziellen Charakters. Die Bedingungen für minimale Kosten, d. h. optimalen Einsatz eines Kabels, werden hergeleitet. Die graphischen Darstellungen lassen die optimale Verwendung bei Veränderung der Kostenfaktoren erkennen. Gleichzeitig wird der Unterschied zwischen technischem Maximum und wirtschaftlichem Optimum herausgearbeitet.This study in its technical form was originally carried out in 1957 by the joint author AmritlalGosalia while undergoing a training course at Drammens Elektrisitets Verk, Drammen, Norway. The cost analysis was to provide an idea as to the proper choice of cables for house-hold and commercial supply of electric power in the city of Drammen. The numerical values of different cost-factors as well as prices of cables for calculations in Dia. 5 and 6 therefore correspond to the normal market level of 1957 in Norway. These two diagrams have been reproduced in the text by the kind permission of DEV, Drammen, Norway. The original drawings have been altered as required for the easy explanation of the subject.

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Vorgel. v.:J. Nitsche.     

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Hedychium coccineum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. Essential Oils from Kumaun Hills of Uttarakhand

Hedychium coccineum Buch. Ham. ex Sm. is a perennial rhizomatous herb belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The aim of the present study was to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of H. coccineum rhizome essential oil (HCCRO) and H. coccineum aerial part essential oil (HCCAO). The plant material was subjected to hydro-distillation using Clevenger’s apparatus in order to obtain volatile oil and analyzed for its chemical constituents using GC-MS. The comparative study of the rhizome and aerial part essential oils of H. coccineum displayed that (E)-nerolidol (15.9%), bornyl acetate (13.95%), davanone B (10.9%), spathulenol (8.9%), and 1, 8-cineol (8.5%) contributed majorly to the HCCRO, while 7-hydroxyfarnesen (15.5%), α-farnesene (11.1%), α-pinene (10.9%), spathulenol (7.7%), and β-pinene (6.8%) were present as major constituents in the HCCAO. Both the essential oils were studied for their biological activities, such as nematicidal, insecticidal, herbicidal, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. The essential oils exhibited significant nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita, insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura, and moderate herbicidal activity against R. raphanistrum sub sp. sativus, and good antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Curvularialunata. Essential oils were also tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. Both oils showed good to moderate activity against the tested pathogens. The significant nematicidal, insecticidal, herbicidal, antifungal, and antibacterial activities of both the essential oils might be helpful for the development of environmentally friendly pesticides that could be an alternative to synthetic pesticides in the future.