Theory of Valuations on Manifolds: A Survey

This is a non-technical survey of a recent theory of valuations on manifolds constructed in [A10], [A11], [AF] and [A12], and actually a guide to this series of articles. We also review some recent related results obtained by a number of people. Received: February 2006, Revision: June 2006, Accepted: June 2006     

Hysteretic galvano-mechanical effect on charging and discharging ionistor structures

The size of an ionistor capacitor structure is found to change during its charging and discharging. The specific feature of this effect that distinguishes it from other known effects of changing sizes under electric and magnetic fields (the piezoelectric effect and striction) is the complete hysteresis; i.e., the size reached under the exposure remains unchanged after the field is turned off.     

Equations for the Molecular Mass Distribution of Hydrocarbons Formed in CO Hydrogenation on a Cobalt–Zirconium Catalyst

A mathematical model for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is proposed. The model takes into account the most common deviations from classical Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution and adequately describes the experimental molecular mass distributions of hydrocarbons formed in carbon monoxide hydrogenation on a cobalt catalyst supported on the zirconium form of silica gel.     

Towards a new edition of the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement”

The “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” (GUM) is an extremely important document. It unifies methods for calculating measurement uncertainty and enables the consistent interpretation and comparison of measurement results, regardless of who obtained these measurements and where they were obtained. Since the document was published in 1995, it has been realised that its recommendations do not properly address an important class of measurements, namely, non-linear indirect measurements. This drawback prompted the initiation of the revision of the GUM in the Working Group 1 of the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology, which commenced in October 2006. The upcoming revision of the GUM provides the metrological community with an opportunity to improve this important document, in particular, to reflect developments in metrology that have occurred since the first GUM publication in 1995. Thus, a discussion of the directions for this revision is important and timely. By identifying several shortcomings of the GUM and proposing directions for its improvement, we hope this article will contribute to this discussion. Papers published in this section do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Editors, the Editorial Board and the Publisher.     

Cobalt complex with immobilized porphyrin in hydrazine oxidation

Porphyrin immobilized on silica and its complex with cobalt have been prepared and identified. Oxidation kinetics is described by the Michaelis-Menten equation.

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<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-benzyl derivatives of valine esters

The reactions of methyl and ethyl esters of valine with m-bromobenzaldehyde and p-chlorobenzaldehyde in absolute methanol in the presence of magnesium sulfate yielded the corresponding azomethines (CH₃)₂CHCH(COOR¹)N=CHR² (R¹ = CH₃, C₂H₅; R² = 3-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄); their reduction with sodium borohydride gave N-benzyl derivatives of valine esters, (CH₃)₂CHCH(COOR¹)NHCH₂R².Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 74, No. 11, 2004, pp. 1855–1857.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Yakubovich, Zhavnerko, Shirokii, Knizhnikov.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

Nonisothermal deoxygenation of cobalt complexes in free form and attached to aerosil

Thermal deoxygenation under vacuum has been examined for free oxygenated cobalt complexes formed with phenanthroline, histidine, and histamine and also for those attached to aerosil; mass spectrometry has been applied to the products. The free compounds are deoxygenated in accordance with the Roginskii equation f() = (1–)^2/3 in a certain range. Deoxygenation for the grafted complexes is described by an equation for nucleation and one-dimensional growth f() = 1–. The kinetic parameters have been determined.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 311–317, May–June, 1987.     

Investigation of the mechanism of methane formation in the fischer-tropsch synthesis on a Co/SiO2·ZrIV catalyst

Methane is formed in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis under real conditions both through intermediates leading to chain propagation and by hydrogenation of surface carbon. L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauki 31, 252039 Kiev, Ukraine. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, No. 1, pp. 41–43, January–February, 1996.     

Complexation of lanthanide cations with ampicillin

The complexation of Ln³⁺ ions with ampicillin anions (Amp^?) in an aqueous solution at 25°C has been studied by pH titration on the background of 0.1 M KNO₃. Ln(OH)Amp⁺ complexes are formed in neutral and weakly alkaline media. The logarithm of β increases nonlinearly along the lanthanide series from 9.02 ± 0.06 for Ce(OH)Amp⁺ to 10.25 ± 0.09 for Lu(OH)Amp⁺. The structure of the Lu(OH)Amp⁺ complex was simulated by the PM6 semiempirical quantum-chemical method and the MOPAC 2009 software; the results of which impliy the formation of a chelate complex via bidentate coordination of Amp^? through the oxygen atoms of the carboxylate and β-lactam groups and the inclusion of up to five water molecules into the coordination sphere of Lu(III).