Isolation and antibiotic properties of cis-hexadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraenoic acid from the algaScenedesmus obliquus UA-2-6

Summary By the method of checking antibiotic activity, conditions have been selected for the isolation of cis-hexadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraenoic acid from the fatty-acid fractions of the lipids ofScenedesmus obliquus UA-2-6. Its structure has been confirmed and it has been established that this acid possesses a broad spectrum of antibiotic action.Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 379–385, May–June, 1978.     

Metabolites of the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae III. The lipid composition ofVerticillium dahliae

Summary The compositions of the neutral lipids of the mycelium and of the culture liquid from the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been investigated for the first time. The fatty-acid compositions of the main lipid fractions and the glyceride composition of the triglyceride fraction have been determined. The main acids of all the fractions are the 16:0 and 18:1 acids and in the triglyceride fraction, additionally, the 18:2 acid. Diisobutyl phthalate has been found in the combined neutral lipids of the fungal mycelium.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University, Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 431–435, July–August, 1976.     

The glyceride complex of the seed oil ofOnopordum acanthiium

Summary The complex mixture of glycerides of a seed oil containing oxidized aryl radicals in the triglycerides (10 groups of glycerides) has been separated for the first time. New groups of monohydroxyacyl triglycerides (oxoacyl, 0.1% of the oil, and hydroperoxyacyl, 0.1%) and di(oxyacyl)triglycerides (epoxacyl-hydroxyacyl, 0.36%) have been detected and isolated.A new -oxodienoic acid has been found for which the following structural formula is proposed as the most probable: 11-oxooctadeca-cis-9,cis-12-dienoic acid.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 699–707, November–December, 1978. Original article submitted June 27, 1978.     

Effect of the irradiation of cotton seeds with pulses of concentrated light on the composition of the cottonseed oil

The presowing irradiation of cotton seeds with pulses of concentrated light (PCL) causes a change in a number of indices of the oil. When the seeds are stored, oxidative processes in them are intensified. In the oil of the harvested seeds some indices are restored.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent, and S. V. Starodubtsev Institute of Technical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 777–780, November–December, 1980.     

Hydroxy acids of the seed oils of five plants of the family Asteraceae

A comparative study has been made of the fatty hydroxy acids and epoxy acids of the seed oils ofArtemisia absinthium, Arctium tomentosum, Onopordum acanthium, Onopardum olgae, andCousinia severzovii by GLC, TLC, and IR and mass spectroscopy. It has been shown that the hydroxy acids present in largest amount are the products of the metabolism of 9-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoyl; the epoxy acids are represented mainly by 9,10-epoxy-cis-octadeca-12-enoic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 30–34.     

Composition of the triacylglycerols of the seeds of some representatives of the family labiatae

The fatty acid compositions of five species and the compositions of the triacylglycerols of 22 species of the family labiatae have been studied for the first time. Octadeca-12,13-dienoic acid has been detected in five species. The typical compositions of the triacylglycerols differs from those of known plant oils with a similar set of fatty acids by the absence of triacylglycerols of the S₃ type and the presence of the S₂U type (0.1–1.6%). The main types are SU₂ (5–24%) and U₃ (74–95%). In a comparison of the position-species composition of the oils studied it was found that the oils of the plants of this family are distinguished by a greater diversity of species of triacylglycerols and also by the nature of the distribution of the unsaturated acyl residues between the 1,3- and 2-positions. In the majority of oils studied, the 2- position is enriched with the 18:1 acid, while the 18:2 acid is distributed predominantly in the 1,3- positions, and the nature of the distribution of the 18:3 acid is determined by its proportion in the total.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 618–625, September–October, 1979.     

Seed oil ofCousinia severzovii

The composition of the seed oil ofCousinia severzovii has been studied; about 20 types and classes of compounds were isolated from the oil, including 6% of triterpenes with a molecular weight of 426 in the free state, as the acetylated derivatives, and as derivatives acylated with higher fatty acids of the 34:0–13:0 group in a ratio of 1:1:2, respectively; and 3.8% of oxidized acylglycerols (seven types). The classes of lipids were represented by no individual compound but only by a series of homologs or isomers.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 38–44, January–February, 1981.     

The oils of some plants of the family Malvaceae

Summary 1. The physical and chemical properties and the fatty-acid and glyceride compositions of the oils of four plants of the family Malvaceae have been studied. They all belong to the palmito-oleo-linoleic group.2. Their glyceride structure does not correspond to the principle of statistical distribution, since almost all the unsaturated-acid radicals are concentrated in the position.Order of the Red Banner of Labor Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 252–255, May–June, 1971     

Composition of the coats and kernels of the seeds ofNepeta pannonica andLavandula vera

The lipid compositions of the coats and kernels of the seeds ofNepeta pannonica andLavandula vera have been studied. It has been established that the lipids of the seed coats of the two species of plants differ substantially in their composition. The lipids of the kernels ofNepeta have been found to contain free fatty acids with chain lengths of from C₂₀ to C₃₅. Ursolic acid and its acetate have been isolated from extracts of the seed coats ofLavandula, and dimethyladipic acid from the seed oil of this species. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 614–620, September–October, 1980.