Two-dimensional Molecular Phase Transition of Alkylated-TDPB on Au(111) and Cu(111) Surfaces

The derivatives of aromatic cores bearing alkyl chains with different lengths are of potential interest in on-surface chemistry, and thus have been widely investigated both at liquid-solid interfaces and in vacuum. Here, we report on the structural evaluation of self-assembled 1,3,5-tri(4-dodecylphenyl)benzene(TDPB) molecules with increased molecular coverages on both Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces. As observed on Au(111), rhombic and herringbone structures emerge successively depending on surface coverage. In the case of Cu(111), the same process of phase conversion is also observed, but with two distinct structures. In comparison, the self-assembled structures on Au(111) surface are packed more densely than that on Cu(111) surface under the same preparation conditions. This may fundamentally result from the higher adsorption energy of TDPB molecules on Cu(111), restricting their adjustment to optimize a thermodynamically favorable molecular packing.     

Increasing risk aversion and life-cycle investing

Mathematics and Financial Economics - We derive the optimal portfolio for an investor with increasing relative risk aversion in a complete continuous-time securities market. The IRRA assumption...     

Darboux transformations for a matrix long-wave–short-wave equation and higher-order rational rogue-wave solutions

A new matrix long-wave–short-wave equation is proposed with the of help of the zero-curvature equation. Based on the gauge transformation between Lax pairs, both onefold and multifold classical Darboux transformations are constructed for the matrix long-wave–short-wave equation. Resorting to the classical Darboux transformation, a multifold generalized Darboux transformation of the matrix long-wave–short-wave equation is derived by utilizing the limit technique, from which rogue wave solutions, in particular, can be obtained by employing the generalized Darboux transformation. As applications, we obtain rogue-wave solutions of the long-wave–short-wave equation and some explicit solutions of the three-component long-wave–short-wave model, including soliton solutions, breather solutions, the first-order and higher-order rogue-wave solutions, and others by using the generalized Darboux transformation.     

A Smart Theranostic Nanocapsule for Spatiotemporally Programmable Photo-Gene Therapy

The therapeutic performance of DNAzyme-involved gene silencing is significantly constrained by inefficient conditional activation and insufficient cofactor supply. Herein, a self-sufficient therapeutic nanosystem was realized through the delicate design of DNAzyme prodrugs and MnO₂ into a biocompatible nanocapsule with tumor-specific recognition/activation features. The indocyanine green (ICG)-modified DNA prodrugs are designed by splitting the DNAzyme and then reconstituted into the exquisite catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) amplification circuit. Based on the photothermal activation of ICG, the nanocapsule was disassembled to expose the MnO₂ ingredient which was immediately decomposed into Mn²⁺ ions to supplement an indispensable DNAzyme cofactor on-demand with a concomitant O₂ generation for enhancing the auxiliary phototherapy. The endogenous microRNA catalyzes the amplified assembly of DNA prodrugs via an exquisite CHA principle, leading to the DNAzyme-mediated simultaneous silencing of two key tumor-involved mRNAs. This self-activated theranostic nanocapsule could substantially expand the toolbox for accurate diagnosis and programmable therapeutics.     

Darboux transformation of the Drinfeld–Sokolov–Satsuma–Hirota system and exact solutions

A Darboux transformation for the Drinfeld–Sokolov–Satsuma–Hirota system of coupled equations is constructed with the aid of gauge transformations between the Lax pairs. As an application, several types of solutions of the Drinfeld–Sokolov–Satsuma–Hirota system are obtained, including soliton solutions, periodic solutions, rational solutions and others.     

Bioorthogonal regulation of DNA circuits for smart intracellular microRNA imaging

Catalytic DNA circuits represent a versatile toolbox for tracking intracellular biomarkers yet are constrained with low anti-interference capacity originating from their severe off-site activation. Herein, by introducing an unprecedented endogenous DNA repairing enzyme-powered pre-selection strategy, we develop a sequential and specific on-site activated catalytic DNA circuit for achieving the cancer cell-selective imaging of microRNA with high anti-interference capacity. Initially, the circuitry reactant is firmly caged by an elongated stabilizing duplex segment with a recognition/cleavage site of a cell-specific DNA repairing enzyme, which can prevent undesired signal leakage prior to its exposure to target cells. Then, the intrinsic DNA repairing enzyme of target cells can liberate the DNA probe for efficient intracellular microRNA imaging via the multiply guaranteed molecular recognition/activation procedures. This bioorthogonal regulated DNA circuit presents a modular and programmable amplification strategy for highly reliable assays of intracellular biomarkers, and provides a pivotal molecular toolbox for living systems.

An on-site bioorthogonal regulated DNA circuit was developed by introducing an endogenous DNA repairing enzyme-mediated sequential activation strategy to achieve cancer cell-selective microRNA imaging with high anti-interference ability.     

Riemann–Hilbert approach and N-soliton solutions for a new two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - A new two-component Sasa–Satsuma equation associated with a $$4\times 4$$ matrix spectral problem is proposed by resorting to the zero-curvature equation....     

Monitoring and modulating a catalytic hybridization circuit for self-adaptive bioorthogonal DNA assembly

Constructing artificial domino nanoarchitectures, especially dynamic DNA circuits associated with the actuation of biological functions inside live cells, represents a versatile and powerful strategy to regulate the behaviors and fate of various living entities. However, the stepwise operation of conventional DNA circuits always relies on freely diffusing reactants, which substantially slows down their operation rate and efficiency. Herein, a self-adaptive localized catalytic circuit (LCC) is developed to execute the self-sustained bioorthogonal assembly of DNA nanosponges within a crowded intracellular environment. The LCC-generated DNA scaffolds are utilized as versatile templates for realizing the proximity confinement of LCC reactants. Single-molecule-detecting fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is used to explore the reaction acceleration of the catalytic circuit. This self-adaptive DNA circuit facilitates the bioorthogonal assembly of highly branched DNA networks for robust and accurate monitoring of miRNA targets. Based on its intriguing and modular design, the LCC system provides a pivotal molecular toolbox for future applications in early disease diagnosis.

A localized catalytic circuit, facilitating the self-assembly of DNA nanosponges, is developed for robust and accurate monitoring of miRNA targets in live cells and mice.     

The compact integration of a cascaded HCR circuit for highly reliable cancer cell discrimination

The accurate identification of multiple biomarkers involved in disease plays a vital role in effectively distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells, facilitating reliable cancer diagnosis. Motivated by this knowledge, we have engineered a compact and clamped cascaded DNA circuit for specifically discriminating cancer cells from normal cells via the amplified multi-microRNA imaging strategy. The proposed DNA circuit combines the traditional cascaded DNA circuit with multiply localized responsive character through the elaboration of two super-hairpin reactants, thus concurrently streamlining the circuit components and realizing localization-intensified cascaded signal amplification. In parallel, the multiple microRNA-stimulated sequential activations of the compact circuit, combined with a handy logic operation, significantly elevated the cell-discriminating reliability. Applications of the present DNA circuit in vitro and in cellular imaging experiments were executed with expected results, therefore illustrating that our DNA circuit is useful for precise cell discrimination and further clinical diagnosis.

A compact and clamped CHA-control-HCR (CCH) circuitry system, specifically for amplified multi-microRNA imaging, is developed to precisely distinguish cancer cells from normal cells.