Classical and quantum integrability for a class of potentials in two dimensions

A method for the construction of the second constant of motion in fourth order is carried out. Correspondingly the fourth order potential equation is obtained whose solutions directly provide the classical integrable systems. Second constant of motion is obtained for a large class of potentials. Quantum invariants are also obtained with second order quantum corrections of the order O(?²) to the corresponding classical invariants. The phase space diagrams for these cases are drawn using a mathematical computer software package in two dimensions.     

57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic study of (25−x)MnO–xZnO–15Fe2O3–60B2O3 glasses

The ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer technique has been used to investigate the effect of zinc oxide substitution in (25???x)MnO–xZnO–15Fe₂O₃–60B₂O₃ glass system (x?=?0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol% of ZnO ). Mössbauer absorption spectra for all the samples recorded at room temperature suggest the existence of the two paramagnetic quadrupole doublets. The observed variations in hyperfine parameters have been explained on the basis of cations distribution and exchange interaction at the lattice sites and it is concluded that B–B interaction increases while the metal–metal interaction decreases due to replacement of manganese oxide by zinc oxide. These results suggest that the present glass system exhibits a paramagnetic behaviour that changes towards the weak paramagnetic when manganese oxide was replaced with zinc oxide.     

Field alpha-spectroscopy of radon (<Superscript>222</Superscript>Rn) and actinon (<Superscript>219</Superscript>Rn) progeny in soil gas: Locating a radon source

Summary The activities of²¹⁸Po,²¹⁴Po and²¹¹Bi were determined in samples obtained of soil/gas. Sampling work was taken in Jáchymov (Czech Republic) at the outcrop of the Geister-vein,by electrostatic precipitation from filtered soil gas on stainless steel disks.The samples were measured in a field laboratory using a semi-conductor alpha-spectrometer.The activities of²¹⁸Po,²¹⁴Po and²¹¹Bi were calculated.Samples taken from active dump material (near-by radon source) exhibited a high²¹¹Bi/²¹⁴Po ratio, while those of the vein outcrop (a relatively deeper source) had a low ratio.A mathematical model was employed to determine the radon age calculated from the actinon/radon input ratio.This varied in a range of 5.6 to -7.7 seconds.Negative age values are probably caused by the preference for actinon, which rapidly comes into equilibrium with the source of this gas.     

Die Reduktion von Ammoniumpolyuranat zu Urandioxid

Zusammenfassung Es werden die Resultate des isothermen Zerfalles und der Reduktion vonstandardisiertem Ammoniumpolyuranat im Bereich von 285 bis 463° C (in Wasserstoff) wiedergegeben. Der Zerfall zu UO₃ wurde schon bei einer Temp. unter 290° C festgestellt, diese Phase blieb jedoch darauf stabil bis 320° C. Zwischen 320° C und 380° C verläuft die Reduktion zu U₃O₈, über 380° C aber zu UO₂. Die Aktivierungsenergien bei der Reduktion von UO₃ zu U₃O₈ und von U₃O₈ zu UO₂ wurden berechnet, und zwar 32,2 kcal/g-mol und 41,7 kcal/g-mol. Die Ergebnisse können mit den Literaturangaben für die Reduktion der einzelnen Phasen UO₃ und U₃O₈ verglichen werden. Die beobachteten Unterschiede weisen auf den Einfluß der Aktivität der Präparate hin.

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The isothermal decomposition and reduction of ammonium polyuranate (ADU) was investigated in the temperature interval 285–463° C in hydrogen. The formation of UO₃ was noticed below 290° C and this product was stable up to 320° C. U₃O₈ was stable from this temperature on up to 380° C, where the reduction to UO₂ was observed. The activation energies 32,2 Kcal/mole and 41.7 Kcal/mole were calculated for the reduction of UO₃ to U₃O₈ and for the reduction of U₃O₈ to UO₂, respectively. The results are comparable with the published data on reduction of separate phases UO₃ and U₃O₈. Some differences noticed show the influence of the activities of the products.

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Mit 4 Abbildungen     

An evaluation of the CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibition potential of metoprolol metabolites and their contribution to drug–drug and drug–herb interaction by LC‐ESI/MS/MS

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of metabolites to drug–drug interaction and drug–herb interaction using the inhibition of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 by metoprolol (MET) and its metabolites. The peak concentrations of unbound plasma concentration of MET, α‐hydroxy metoprolol (HM), O‐desmethyl metoprolol (ODM) and N‐desisopropyl metoprolol (DIM) were 90.37 ± 2.69, 33.32 ± 1.92, 16.93 ± 1.70 and 7.96 ± 0.94 ng/mL, respectively. The metabolites identified, HM and ODM, had a ratio of metabolic area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) to parent AUC of ≥0.25 when either total or unbound concentration of metabolite was considered. In vitro CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibition by MET, HM and ODM study revealed that MET, HM and ODM were not inhibitors of CYP3A4‐catalyzed midazolam metabolism and CYP2D6‐catalyzed dextromethorphan metabolism. However, DIM only met the criteria of >10% of the total drug related material and <25% of the parent using unbound concentrations. If CYP inhibition testing is solely based on metabolite exposure, DIM metabolite would probably not be considered. However, the present study has demonstrated that DIM contributes significantly to in vitro drug–drug interaction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A New Synthesis of Vinylidene Bis-phosphine Sulfides

Abstract

1,1-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene, 1a, was originally prepared by Colquhoun and McFarlane¹ by the reaction of lithium diphenylphosphide and vinylidene chloride. Subsequently, Schmidbaur et al.,² reported further novel chemistry of 1a and its derivatives such as 1b and 1c.     

Hetero‐tri‐spin [2p‐3d‐4f] Chain Compounds Based on Nitronyl Nitroxide Lanthanide Metallo‐Ligands: Synthesis,Structure, and Magnetic Properties

Employing nitronyl nitroxide lanthanide(III) complexes as metallo‐ligands allowed the efficient and highly selective preparation of three series of unprecedented hetero‐tri‐spin (Cu?Ln‐radical) one‐dimensional compounds. These 2p–3d–4f spin systems, namely [Ln₃Cu(hfac)₁₁(NitPhOAll)₄] (Ln^III=Gd 1_Gd , Tb 1_Tb , Dy 1_Dy ; NitPhOAll=2‐(4′‐allyloxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide), [Ln₃Cu(hfac)₁₁(NitPhOPr)₄] (Ln^III=Gd 2_Gd , Tb 2_Tb , Dy 2_Dy , Ho 2_Ho , Yb 2_Yb ; NitPhOPr=2‐(4′‐propoxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide) and [Ln₃Cu(hfac)₁₁(NitPhOBz)₄] (Ln^III=Gd 3_Gd , Tb 3_Tb , Dy 3_Dy ; NitPhOBz=2‐(4′‐benzyloxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐imidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide) involve O‐bound nitronyl nitroxide radicals as bridging ligands in chain structures with a [Cu‐Nit‐Ln‐Nit‐Ln‐Nit‐Ln‐Nit] repeating unit. The dc magnetic studies show that ferromagnetic metal–radical interactions take place in these hetero‐tri‐spin chain complexes, these and the next‐neighbor interactions have been quantified for the Gd derivatives. Complexes 1_Tb and 2_Tb exhibit frequency dependence of ac magnetic susceptibilities, indicating single‐chain magnet behavior.     

Synthesis,characterization, and antiplasmodial efficacy of sulfonamide-appended [1,2,3]-triazoles

A series of benzenesulfonamide-appended [1,2,3]-triazole hybrids was synthesized by using [3 + 2] cycloaddition of primary, secondary, and tertiary sulfonamide azides with various phenoxymethylacetylenes under click reaction conditions. After structural characterization, the compounds were subjected to in-silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) screening to evaluate their drug-likeness and other pharmacokinetic parameters. Furthermore, their in vitro antiplasmodial potential was assessed against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) strain, and some of the synthesized compounds displayed promising antimalarial potency. On cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT cell viability assay, the most active candidate N-(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(4-(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)-1H-[1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide ( 14 ; IC₅₀ 6.2 μg/mL) demonstrated CC₅₀ 7.5 μg/mL against human hepatocarcinoma (HUH-7) cells.