Mechanism of Formation of Peroxocarbonates RhOOC(O)O(Cl)(P)(3) and Their Reactivity as Oxygen Transfer Agents Mimicking Monooxygenases. The First Evidence of CO(2) Insertion into the O-O Bond of Rh(eta(2)-O(2)) Complexes

Extended labeling experiments have shown that formation of rhodium peroxocarbonate from CO(2) and [RhCl(eta(2)-O(2))(P)(3)] (P is PEt(2)Ph or PEtPh(2)) proceeds through O-O bond cleavage and CO(2) insertion. O-transfer to ancillary phosphine ligand to give R(3)P=O selectively (>85%) involves the Rh-linked O atom of the peroxo group of RhCl(CO(4))(P)(3).     

Recent Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Hydroxychloroquine on RNA Viruses and Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review

The rapid spread of the new Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has actually become the newest challenge for the healthcare system since, to date, there is not an effective treatment. Among all drugs tested, Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has attracted significant attention. This systematic review aims to analyze preclinical and clinical studies on HCQ potential use in viral infection and chronic diseases. A systematic search of Scopus and PubMed databases was performed to identify clinical and preclinical studies on this argument; 2463 papers were identified and 133 studies were included. Regarding HCQ activity against COVID-19, it was noticed that despite the first data were promising, the latest outcomes highlighted the ineffectiveness of HCQ in the treatment of viral infection. Several trials have seen that HCQ administration did not improve severe illness and did not prevent the infection outbreak after virus exposure. By contrast, HCQ arises as a first-line treatment in managing autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren syndrome. It also improves glucose and lipid homeostasis and reveals significant antibacterial activity.     

Pharmacokinetic Characterization of the DDAH1 Inhibitors ZST316 and ZST152 in Mice Using a HPLC-MS/MS Method

The pharmacokinetic profile of ZST316 and ZST152, arginine analogues with inhibitory activity towards human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1), was investigated in mice using a newly developed HPLC-MS/MS method. The method proved to be reproducible, precise, and accurate for the measurement of the compounds in plasma and urine. Four-week-old female FVB mice received a single dose of ZST316 and ZST152 by intravenous bolus (30 mg/Kg) and oral gavage (60 mg/Kg). ZST316 Cmax was 67.4 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.02 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 6 h and bioavailability of 4.7%. ZST152 Cmax was 24.9 µg/mL (intravenous) and 1.65 µg/mL (oral), with a half-life of 1.2 h and bioavailability of 33.3%. Urinary excretion of ZST152 and ZST316 was 12.5%–22.2% and 2.3%–7.5%, respectively. At least eight urinary metabolites were identified. After chronic intraperitoneal treatment with the more potent DDAH1 inhibitor, ZST316 (30 mg/Kg/day for three weeks), the bioavailability was 59% and no accumulation was observed. Treatment was well tolerated with no changes in body weight vs. untreated animals and no clinical signs of toxicity or distress. The results of this study show that ZST316 has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, following intraperitoneal administration, to investigate the effects of DDAH1 inhibition in mice.     

Nachweis und Bestimmung der Halogensauerstoffverbindungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ueber die F?rbung des Chlorsilbers im Sonnenlichte

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

MILD: a laser altimeter transmitter for a Mercury planetary orbiter

We report on the design and preliminary development of a micro laser (MILD) breadboard (BB). The laser source is designed to be used as the transmitter unit of a laser altimeter for planetary investigations. The reference scenario is the ESA BepiColombo mission to Mercury (presently scheduled to be launched in 2012) but possible applications to minor solar system bodies may be included. In order to fulfil the laser source requirements for this kind of application we adopted a master-oscillator-power-amplifier (MOPA) scheme. Analysis of the MO efficiency, pulse duration and beam characterisation in different resonator configurations is described together with the preliminary PA performance on a ± 10 °C temperature range. PACS  42.55.Xi; 42.60.By; 42.60.Da     

Stable cohomology of spaces of non-singular hypersurfaces

We prove that the rational cohomology of the space _Xd,N$X_{d,N}$ of non-singular complex homogeneous polynomials of degree d in N   variables stabilizes to the cohomology of _GLN(C)${\mathrm{GL}}_N(\mathbf{C})$ for d sufficiently large.     

The Gorenstein conjecture fails for the tautological ring of \mathcal{\overline{M}}_{2,n}

We prove that for N equal to at least one of the integers 8, 12, 16, 20 the tautological ring $R^{\bullet}(\overline {\mathcal {M}}_{2,N})$ is not Gorenstein. In fact, our N equals the smallest integer such that there is a non-tautological cohomology class of even degree on $\overline {\mathcal {M}}_{2,N}$ . By work of Graber and Pandharipande, such a class exists on $\overline {\mathcal {M}}_{2,20}$ , and we present some evidence indicating that N is in fact 20.     

Small strain and moderate rotation

Kinematical assumptions leading to the approximate theory of small strain accompanied by moderate rotations are discussed with reference to a three-dimensional continuous body. In particular, the relationship with Korn's inequality is examined. It is found that for bounded bodies the coincidence of small strain and moderate rotation on subsets of non-zero volume measure is not possible. Two explicit examples are presented to illustrate this point.