Integrable structure of the field theory of open superstrings

We find asymptotic expansions in the “string mass” μ for μ-deformed Γ-functions and Neumann coefficients characterizing the three-string vertex in the light-cone gauge of the field theory of open superstrings on a maximally supersymmetric pp-wave background. Dedicated to the 80th birthday of Academician Anatolii Alekseevich Logunov __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 149, No. 3, pp. 381–385, December, 2006.     

On new geometrical concept of local quantum field

The key idea discussed in the paper is the hypothesis that the mass spectrum of elementary particles described by local quantum fields should be cut at some mass value M. The new universal parameter M called the “fundamental mass” is introduced in quantum field theory (QFT) in a pure geometric way; namely, in the framework of the Euclidean formulation of QFT we postulate that the 4-momentum space is the de Sitter space with radius M. It is of principal importance that the new version of QFT containing the fundamental mass M admits a local gauge invariant Lagrangian formulation and may serve as a basis for generalizing the Standard Model (SM) at high energies E ≥ M. Some correction terms to the SM Lagrangian, which may be compared in the future with LHC experimental data, are given.     

Hamiltonian Structures of Fermionic Two-Dimensional Toda Lattice Hierarchies

By exhibiting the corresponding Lax-pair representations, we propose a wide class of integrable two-dimensional (2D) fermionic Toda lattice (TL) hierarchies, which includes the 2D N=(2|2) and N=(0|2) supersymmetric TL hierarchies as particular cases. We develop the generalized graded R-matrix formalism using the generalized graded bracket on the space of graded operators with involution generalizing the graded commutator in superalgebras, which allows describing these hierarchies in the framework of the Hamiltonian formalism and constructing their first two Hamiltonian structures. We obtain the first Hamiltonian structure for both bosonic and fermionic Lax operators and the second Hamiltonian structure only for bosonic Lax operators. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 146, No. 1, pp. 90–102, January, 2006.     

N=(1|1) Supersymmetric Dispersionless Toda Lattice Hierarchy

Generalizing the graded commutator in superalgebras, we propose a new bracket operation on the space of graded operators with an involution. We study properties of this operation and show that the Lax representation of the two-dimensional N=(1|1) supersymmetric Toda lattice hierarchy can be realized via the generalized bracket operation; this is important in constructing the semiclassical (continuum) limit of this hierarchy. We construct the continuum limit of the N=(1|1) Toda lattice hierarchy, the dispersionless N=(1|1) Toda hierarchy. In this limit, we obtain the Lax representation, with the generalized graded bracket becoming the corresponding Poisson bracket on the graded phase superspace. We find bosonic symmetries of the dispersionless N=(1|1) supersymmetric Toda equation.     

Fundamental length hypothesis and new concept of gauge vector field

Through an analysis of quantum field theory with “fundamental length” l[1–10], a new concept of gauge vector field is determined. The electromagnetic field is considered in detail. The new electromagnetic potential turns out to be a 5-vector associated with the De Sitter group SO(4,1). The extra fifth component, called τ-photon, similar to the scalar and longitudinal photons, does not correspond to an independent dynamical degree of freedom. Gauge-invariant equations of motion for all components of the electromagnetic 5-potential are found. Though the new gauge group remains Abelian, it is nevertheless larger than the conventional gauge group. In particular, the new gauge transformations intrinsically depend on the fundamental length l. Therefore one can consider them as a base for modification of QED at small distances (?l) in a profound way. The underlying physics becomes much richer due to the appearance of new interactions mediated by the τ-photons [14].     

Polarization of the Electron–Positron Vacuum by a Strong Magnetic Field in the Theory with a Fundamental Mass

In the framework of the theory with a fundamental mass in the one-loop approximation, we evaluate the exact Lagrange function of the strong constant magnetic field, replacing the Heisenberg–Euler Lagrangian in the traditional QED. We establish that the derived generalization of the Lagrange function is real for arbitrary values of the magnetic field. In the weak field, the evaluated Lagrangian coincides with the known Heisenberg–Euler formula. In extremely strong fields, the field dependence of the Lagrangian completely disappears; in this range, the Lagrangian tends to the limit value determined by the ratio of the fundamental and lepton masses.     

DViN-2 stationary inspection complex

A DViN-2 stationary inspection complex has been designed and manufactured for identifying hidden explosives and drugs. The identification of hidden substances is based on the method of tagged neutrons. The source of the tagged neutron beam, which has an energy of 14.1 MeV produced in the reaction d + t → α + n, is a portable neutron generator with a built-in 9-channel silicon α detector. The DViN-2 makes it possible to identify hidden explosives and drugs with a mass of from 100 g to 50 kg in objects with dimensions from 50 to 400 mm in all three directions. The results of 76 experiments testify to the high efficiency of the DViN-2 in regards to identifying hidden explosives and drugs and it has a rather low probability of false actuations: the probability of identifying explosives and drugs is 94%, and that of false alarms rate is 3%. The time it takes to identify hidden substances, depending on their mass and the thickness of the shielding material layer, is 3–7 min for an average neutron beam intensity into a solid angle of 4π of 2 × 10⁷s^?1.     

DViN—Stationary setup for identification of explosives

A stationary system for the identification of hidden explosives was developed and constructed at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR). The results of the examination of the system, as well as the operation principle of the system and design of the main elements are presented. The text was submitted by the authors in English.