The plasticity of the Cu(H2O) 6 2+ Jahn-Teller complex affected by lattice strains and cooperative interactions

The EPR spectra evolution of Cs₂Zn_1?x Cu_x(ZrF₆)₂ · 6H₂O (x=0.01, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) in the temperature range 4.2–330 K and the x-ray structure analysis of the compound with x=1.0 in the range 150–327 K show that the Jahn-Teller (JT) complex Cu(H₂O)₆ coordination sphere undergoes a plastic deformation. The observed effect is due to the combined influence of small lattice strains existing in the paraphase and a new one appearing as a result of a ferroelastic phase transition and increasing with decreasing temperature below T _c . It is proved that both cooperative interactions between JT complexes and ferroelastic strain stabilize a certain JT configuration. The problem of instability of a JT configuration compressed at T ～ 265 K is discussed.     

Multidomain direct method and its applicability to the local time-step concept

A new multidomain direct (noniterative) method for solving boundary-value problems is presented. Using this method, the solution is expressed by a linear combination of auxiliary functions and unknowns which pertain to the boundaries of a subdomain. This approach enables us to solve problems independently and exactly, without any iterations between subdomains. As a consequence, different types of equations and coordinate systems may be considered in different subdomains. Moreover, different boundary conditions and variable (in space) time steps may be imposed on the subdomains as well. Applications are given for initial boundary-value problems with known analytical solutions, including a highly nonlinear porosity equation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Inorganic Sol-Gel Preparation of Medium Sized Microparticles of Li2TiO3 from TiCl4 as Tritium Breeding Material for Fusion Reactors

Microspheres of Li₂TiO₃ were fabricated by a classical, inorganic sol-gel process from commercially available TiCl₄. Elaborated process consists of the following main steps: (1) dissolving of TiCl₄ in concentrated aqueous HCl and addition of LiOH; (2) formation of sol emulsion in 2-ethylhexanol-1 containing the surfactant SPAN-80 (EH); (3) gelation of emulsion drops by extraction of water with partially dehydrated EH; (4) impregnation of gel to Li:Ti molar ratio MR = 2; (5) thermal treatment at 1200°C in order to receive chloride free product. This temperature can be significantly lowered (to 750°C) by dechlorination starting solution TiCl₄ by chemical treatment of the with nitric acid to form of nitrate-stabilized titania sols. Tritium release from sol-gel made Li₂TiO₃ microspheres were found very close to that observed for other traditional materials, however for the first sample process starts slightly earlier.     

Mechanical properties of metallic ribbons investigated by depth sensing indentation technique

The paper presents mechanical properties of two kinds of Co-based and one Fe-based metallic ribbons by the depth sensing indentation (DSI) technique. Investigations were carried out on two kinds ternary alloy Co₇₇Si_11,5B_11,5 and Fe₇₈Si₁₃B₉ and multicomponent Co₆₈Fe₄Mo₁Si_13,5B_13,5, which are so-called “zero-magnetostriction” materials. Metallic ribbons were investigated in amorphous state and partially crystallized state after annealing in 400°C in argon atmosphere. Heating of ribbons obtained by melt spinning technique was performed to check its effect on changes of mechanical properties.     

Mössbauer effect studies of electrochemically hydrogenated austenitic steels

Electrochemically hydrogenated ASTM 310 and ASTM 316 austenitic steels were investigated by means of⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Starting with non-hydrogenated materials, freshly hydrogenated ones and one-day room temperature aged hydrogenated samples were studied. The resultant spectra were analysed with a modified Hesse-Rübartsch method [1] adopted to the case of isomer shift distribution.     

The dynamics of multidimensional cosmological models in the presence of quantum effects. I. The case FRW ×T D at high temperatures

The dynamical system approach is applied to the study of dynamics of multidimensional cosmological models with topology FRW ×T ^D (D-dimensional torus) in the presence of high-temperature quantum effects. The stability methods developed in the paper of Szydowski (Gen. Rel. Grav.,20, 221, 1988) are used in the analysis of typical states of the metric in the neighborhood of singularities and for large time values. The problems of dynamical dimensional reduction, structure of singularities, isotropization, etc., are discussed in this context.     

Evaluation of a purge-and-trap injection system for capillary gas chromatography-microwave induced plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of volatile selenium compounds in water

A method is presented for the selective determination of the volatile selenium species dimethylselenide and dimethyldiselenide, using a commercially available purge-and-trap injection system coupled to capillary gas chromatography-microwave induced plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The efficiency of the purging step was evaluated and the parameters affecting the purge and trap processes were optimized. The method was applied to the determination of volatile selenium compounds in lake water. Relative detection limits of 2ng/l for dimethylselenide and dimethyldiselenide, corresponding to an absolute detection limit of 10 pg, were achieved.     

The convenient route to cd fragment for the synthesis of vitamin D3 relatives

The efficient degradation of $\text{1}$ to the α-methylene ketone $\text{4}$ is described. Compound $\text{4}$ was then converted to the allylic alcohol $\text{8a}$ - the precursor of vitamin D³ relatives.     

Preparation of unsymmetrical disulfides by using sulfines1

Acidolytic cleavage of unsymmetrically substituted dithioacetal monoxides, ArCH(SR)S(O)Me has been used to prepare linear unsymmetrical disulfides RSSMe. Disproportionation was suppressed by the addition of a small amount of benzyl mercaptan. The required starting materials were conveniently obtained from appropriately substituted sulfines ArC(=SO)SR and methyl lithium. The following disulfides were prepared: R =n-C₄H₉ (73.5%), n-C₇H₁₅ (78%), Ph (77.3%), AcO(CH₂)₁₀ (81.5%).The unsymmetrical dithioacetal PhCH(SEt)SC₇H₁₅-n gave upon oxidation with one equivalent of peracid a mixture of two dithioacetal monoxides which on treatment with HClO₄ led to three disulfides. This result is discussed in term of the mechanism of acidolysis.