Strukturen neuer SeII- und TeII-Komplexe mit 2,2-Dicyanethylen-1,1-dithiolat, 2,2-Dicyanethylen-1,1-thioselenolat und 2,2-Dicyanethylen-1,1-diselenolat

Structures of New Se^II and Te^II Complexes Containing 2,2-Dicyanethylene-1,1-dithiolate, 2,2-Dicyanethylene-1,1-thioselenolate, and 2,2-Dicyanethylene-1,1-diselenolate (NBu₄)₂{Se[S₂C?C(CN)₂]₂} ( I ), (AsPh₄)₂ · {Te[SSeC?C(CN)₂]₂} ( II ), and (NBu₄)₂{Te[Se₂C?C(CN)₂]₂} ( III ) containing the bidentate chelate ligands 2,2-dicyanethylene-1,1-dithiolate i-mnt , 2,2-dicyanethylene-1,1-thioselenolate i-mnts , and 2,2-dicyanethylene-1,1-diselenolate i-mns have been prepared and characterized by X-ray structure analysis. The central units consist of [M(X? X)₂E₂]^2? (M = Se, Te; X? X = ligand; E = lone-pair) with fourfold coordinated Se^II and Te^II, respectively. The complex anions [Se(i-mnt)₂E₂]^2? as well as [Te(i-mnts)₂E₂]^2? show a trapezoide distortion with d(Se? S) = 2.276(5); 2.287(5); 2.803(5); 2.789(5) Å and d(Te? Se) = 2.611(2); 2.617(3); d(Te? S) = 2.889(5); 2.935(4) Å. In III there are centrosymmetric complex anions [Te(i-mns)₂E₂]^2? with nearly identical Te? Se-bond-lengths: 2.674(3) and 2.692(2) Å. These Te? Se bonds are elongated compared to usual Te? Se bonds.     

Physikalische und spektroskopische daten von trifluormethylselenol und derivaten

The characterization of the compounds CF₃SeX (X = H, Cl, Br, CN, CF₃, SeCF₃) is completed by the report of melting points, boiling points, enthalpies of vaporization and entropies of vaporization. Ultraviolet and mass spectra are presented and discussed. An improved synthesis for CF₃SeH is reported.     

SINGLE- and DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK FORMATION IN DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA UPON NANOSECOND LASER-INDUCED PHOTOIONIZATION

Double-stranded (ds) calf thymus DNA (0.4 mM), excited by 20 ns laser pulses at 248 nm, was studied in deoxygenated aqueous solution at room temperature and pH 6.7 in the presence of a sodium salt (10 mM). The quantum yields for the formation of hydrated electrons (phi c-), single-strand breaks (phi ssb) and double-strand breaks (phi dsb) were determined for various laser pulse intensities (IL). phi c- and phi ssb increase linearly with increasing IL; however, phi ssb has a tendency to reach saturation at high IL (greater than 5 X 10(6) Wcm-2). The ratio phi ssb/phi c-, representing the number of ssb per radical cation, is about 0.08 at IL less than or equal to 5 X 10(6) Wcm-2. For comparison, the number of ssb per OH radical reacting with dsDNA is 0.22. On going from argon to N2O saturation, phi ssb and phi dsb become larger by factors of approximately 5 and 10-15, respectively. This enhancement is produced by attack on DNA bases by OH radicals generated by N2O-scavenging of the photoelectrons. While phi ssb is essentially independent of the dose (Etot), phi dsb depends linearly on Etot in both argon- and N2O-saturated solutions. The linear dependence of phi dsb implies a square dependence of the number of dsb on Etot. This portion of dsb formation is explained by the occurrence of two random ssb, generated within a critical distance (h) in opposite strands. For both argon- and N2O-saturated solutions h was found to be of the order of 40-70 phosphoric acid diester bonds. On addition of electron scavengers such as 2-chloroethanol (or N2O plus t-butanol), phi dsb is similar to that in neat, argon-saturated solutions. Thus, hydrated electrons are not involved in the chemical pathway leading to laser-pulse-induced dsb of DNA.     

Chelate von Chinolin-8-01-Derivaten. V [I]. Komplexbildung und Extraktion von Nickel mit alkylsubstituierten Chinolin-8-olen

Chelates of 8-Quinolinol Derivatives. V. Coordination and Extraction of Nickel with Alkylsubstituted 8-Quinolinols . The nickel chelates of 2-, 5-, and 7-methyl-8-quinolinols and of a series of 7-alkyl-8-quinolinols were synthesized in the water-free state. Spectroscopic and magnetochemical differences between the compounds with 2-, 5-, and 7-methyl-8-quinolinols were explained by structural peculiarities. For the nickel chelates with 7-alkyl-8-quinolinols a somewhat distorted square-planar structure is supposed. To characterize the influence of substituents the adduct formation with pyridine was studied. For the extraction of nickel with 8-quinolinols the kind of the alkyl or alkenyl substituent in 7-position has no distinct influence on the state of the extraction equilibrium but it impairs the quickness of the extraction with increasing hydrophobicity.     

Beiträge zur Chemie der Alkylverbindungen von Übergangsmetallen. XIV. Untersuchungen über Benzylwolframverbindungen-Darstellung und Charakterisierung des Wolframtetrabenzyls

Contributions to the Chemistry of Transition Metal Alkyl Compounds. XIV. Investigations on Benzyl Tungsten Compounds. – On the Formation and Characterization of Tetrabenzyl Tungsten Unstable benzyl tungsten pentachloride is formed from tribenzyl boron and tungsten hexachloride. Other benzylating agents yield only less defined reduction products. – Reacting WCl₄ · 2 THF with dibenzyl magnesium W(CH₂C₆H₅)₄ can be obtained. The new compound is stable at room temperature and is thoroughly characterized.     

Reactivity sequences of dipolarophiles towards diazocarbonyl compounds - MO perturbation treatment

Whereas diazomethane cycloadditions are only accelerated by electron-attracting substituents in the olefinic or acetylenic dipolarophile, the cycloadditions of diazoacetic, diazomalonic and diazo(phenylsulfonyl)acetic ester show in accordance with the PMO treatment U-shaped activity functions when log k₂ is plotted versus the lowest IP of the dipolarophiles.     

Komplexe von FeI2 und FeI3 mit Tetramethylharnstoff

Complexes of FeI₂ and FeI₃ with Tetramethylurea [FeI₂(OC(NMe₂)₂)₂] ( 1 , [Fe₂I₄(OC(NMe₂)₂)₂] ( 2 ), and [FeI₃(OC(NMe₂)₂] ( 3 ) were prepared by the reaction of FeI₂ and FeI₂/iodine, respectively, with tetramethylurea. The structures of 1 and 3 were determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 , with a = 809.9(1), b = 923.2(1), c = 1 374.6(1) pm, α = 106.80(1), β = 90.47(1), γ = 101.55(1)°; Z = 2; R = 0.045., 3 : monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 1 311.4(1), b = 783.3(1), c = 1 409.1(1) pm, β = 97.36(1)°; Z = 4; R = 0.047. 1 and 3 are isolated neutral complexes with distorted tetrahedral coordination of iron. 3 is the first FeI₃-complex with an O-donor ligand. The IR-spectra exhibit strong shifts of n?C = O and n?_asC—N of tetramethylurea especially on coordinating to FeI₃.     

A new color of the synthetic chameleon methoxyallene: synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridinol derivatives: an unusual reaction mechanism, a remarkable crystal packing, and first palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions

Addition of lithiated methoxyallene to pivalonitrile afforded after aqueous workup the expected iminoallene 1 in excellent yield. Treatment of this intermediate with silver nitrate accomplished the desired cyclization to the electron-rich pyrrole derivative 2 in moderate yield. Surprisingly, trifluoroacetic acid converted iminoallene 1 to a mixture of enamide 3 and trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridinol 4 (together with its tautomer 5). A plausible mechanism proposed for this intriguing transformation involves addition of trifluoroacetate to the central allene carbon atom of an allenyl iminium intermediate as crucial step. Enamide 3 is converted to pyridinol 4 by an intramolecular aldol-type process. A practical direct synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridinols 4, 10, 11, and 12 starting from typical nitriles and methoxyallene was established. Pyridinol 10 shows an interesting crystal packing with three molecules in the elementary cell and a remarkable helical supramolecular arrangement. Trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridinol 4 was converted to the corresponding pyridyl nonaflate 13, which is an excellent precursor for palladium-catalyzed reactions leading to pyridine derivatives 14-16 in good to excellent yields. The new synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridines disclosed here demonstrates a novel reactivity pattern of lithiated methoxyallene which is incorporated into the products as the unusual tripolar synthon B.