Endurance limit of polyethylene during cyclic loading under conditions of a plane stressed state

Conclusions The effect of the asymmetry of the loading cycle on the fatigue strength of HDPE subjected to biaxial tension has been studied. An increase in the acuteness of the cycle leads to an increase in the durability of the material. Under conditions of cyclic loading, the material became embrittled as the duration of the experiment was extended. The effect of various different ratios between the principal stresses on the fatigue strength of HDPE has been investigated. It has been shown that the form of the isochronous boundary curves depends on the duration of the experiment. It was established that the mechanism of HDPE fracture changes depended on the duration of the loading. The accumulation of defects, when an experiment was of average or longer duration, built up at a greater rate than would have been predicted by a linear rule for summation.M. I. Kalinin Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. The "Plastpolimer" Okhtinsk Scientific Manufacturing Association, Leningrad. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 1, pp. 35–40, January–February, 1977.     

Effect of temperature — Time factors on the yield point of crystalline polymers in the flat stressed state (high-density polyethylene)

Conclusions 1. Experiments have been performed on biaxial stretching of HDPE over a wide range in ratios of the principal stress components, strain rates, and temperature. The character of change in the limiting characteristics of HDPE are different in different temperature regions.2. The limiting resistance of HDPE in the flat stressed state for T=const and v_i=const is described satisfactorily by the Malmeister and Gol'denblat-Kopnov criteria.3. Prediction of the limiting resistance of HDPE should be carried out within limited temperature ranges, in which similarity of strain diagrams, a similar character of structural changes in the material (accumulation of damage), and identical character of change in its limiting characteristics are observed.Okhtinsk "Plastpolimer" Scientific and Production Union, Leningrad. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 2, pp. 247–254, March–April, 1977,     

Variant of time — Temperature superposition for partially crystalline polymers (high-density polyethylene)

A variant of time-temperature superposition in the deformation regime with different values of \(\dot \varepsilon\) is examined. A feature of the method is the use of statistical methods for estimating the parameters and taking decisions concerning the hypotheses suitable for the cases \(\dot \varepsilon\) = const, ?=const and σ=const. Master curves for the cases \(\dot \varepsilon\) = const and ?=const are obtained for partially crystalline high-density polyethylene. It is shown that the master curves are in satisfactory agreement with a long-term control experiment. Nonlinear theoretical relations that enable the master curves to be described on a broad time interval are presented.     

Shear strength and laws of shear deformation of some cross-linked resins

The authors present the results of an experimental investigation and comparison with theory of certain laws of shear deformation and shear strength for rigid cross-linked resins. The possibility of describing the state of strain of homogeneous isotropic polymers by means of the generalized nonlinear Maxwell equation is considered. The results of an investigation of thin-walled tubular specimens of three cross-linked polymers based on epoxy resins and one linear polymer are offered as a check on the corresponding theoretical relations. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental results is perfectly satisfactory. Experimental values of the high-elastic constants in shear and tension have been determined. It is shown that the theoretical and experimental relations coincide with satisfactory accuracy. Certain experimental data on the comparative conditions of failure in shear and tension are presented.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 214–228, 1966