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1.
Reduced rank regression assumes that the coefficient matrix in a multivariate regression model is not of full rank. The unknown rank is traditionally estimated under the assumption of normal responses. We derive an asymptotic test for the rank that only requires the response vector have finite second moments. The test is extended to the nonconstant covariance case. Linear combinations of the components of the predictor vector that are estimated to be significant for modelling the responses are obtained. 相似文献
2.
Alex Berlin Neil Gilkes Douglas Kilburn Vera Maximenko Renata Bura Alexander Markov Anton Skomarovsky Alexander Gusakov Arkady Sinitsyn Oleg Okunev Irina Solovieva John N. Saddler 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2006,130(1-3):528-545
Seven cellulase preparations from Penicillium and Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their ability to hydrolyze the cellulose fraction of hardwoods (yellow poplar and red maple) pretreated by organosolv extraction, as well as model cellulosic substrates such as filter paper. There was no significant correlation among hydrolytic performance on pretreated hardwood, based on glucose release, and filter paper activity. However, performance on pretreated hardwood showed significant correlations to the levels of endogenous β-glucosidase and xylanase activities in the cellulase preparation. Accordingly, differences in performance were reduced or eliminated following supplementation with a crude β-glucosidase preparation containing both activities. These results complement a previous investigation using softwoods pretreated by either organosolv extraction or steam explosion. Cellulase preparations that performed best on hardwood also showed superior performance on the softwood substrates. 相似文献
3.
Efstathia G SakellariouAntonio Garrido Montalban Scott L BeallDavid Henderson Hubert G MeunierDavid Phillips Klaus SuhlingAnthony G.M Barrett Brian M Hoffman 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(46):9083-9090
Co-macrocyclizations of 2,3-dipropylmaleonitrile and 2,3-di-(4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)maleonitrile, respectively, with N,N′-dibenzyl-N,N′-di-(11-tetrahydropyranyloxy-3,6,9-trioxo-undecyl))maleonitrile and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylmaleonitrile were used to prepare derivatives of the 4,5-diamino-porphyrazine systems including the zinc(II) complexes. Subsequent oxidation of the macrocycles with potassium permanganate gave the corresponding seco-porphyrazines. These were shown to be efficient sensitizers for the production of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ=0.15-0.57) by the determination of their photophysical properties. 相似文献
4.
Maria Harizani Dafni-Ioanna Diakaki Stamatios Perdikaris Vassilios Roussis Efstathia Ioannou 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(6)
The chemical diversity of the approximately 1,200 natural products isolated from red algae of the genus Laurencia, in combination with the wide range of their biological activities, have placed species of Laurencia in the spotlight of marine chemists’ attention for over 60 years. The chemical investigation of the organic (CH2Cl2/MeOH) extracts of Laurencia microcladia and Laurencia obtusa, both collected off the coasts of Tinos island in the Aegean Sea, resulted in the isolation of 32 secondary metabolites, including 23 C15 acetogenins (1–23), 7 sesquiterpenes (24–30) and 2 diterpenes (31 and 32). Among them, six new C15 acetogenins, namely 10-acetyl-sagonenyne (2), cis-sagonenyne (3), trans-thuwalenyne C (4), tinosallene A (11), tinosallene B (12) and obtusallene XI (17), were identified and their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–3, 5–11, 13 and 15–32 were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 相似文献
5.
Arwa Kurabi Alex Berlin Neil Gilkes Douglas Kilburn Renata Bura Jamie Robinson Aleksandr Markov Anton Skomarovsky Aleksandr Gusakov Oleg Okunev Arkady Sinitsyn David Gregg Dan Xie John Saddler 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2005,121(1-3):219-230
Softwood residues are the most abundant feedstock available for bioconversion in many northern countries. However, the high costs for delignification and enzymatic hydrolysis currently deter commercialization of softwood bioconversion processes. This study evaluates the abilities of two novel fungal preparations (MSUBC1 and MSUBC2) and two commercial cellulase preparations (TR1 and TR2) to hydrolyze cellulose in Douglas-fir pretreated by steam explosion or ethanol organosolv process. MSUBC1 showed significantly better performance than the other preparations on both lignocellulosic substrates. In particular, MSUBC1 achieved >76% cellulose conversion for hydrolysis of steam-exploded Douglas-fir (~44% lignin) after 72 h at low enzyme loading (10 filter paper units/g of cellulose) and without β-glucosidase supplementation. 相似文献
6.
Dragos V Nica Marian Bura Iosif Gergen Monica Harmanescu Despina-Maria Bordean 《Chemistry Central journal》2012,6(1):1-15
Background
Alendronate (ALD) is a member of the bisphosphonate family which is used for the treatment of osteoporosis, bone metastasis, Paget's disease, hypocalcaemia associated with malignancy and other conditions that feature bone fragility. ALD is a non-chromophoric compound so its determination by conventional spectrophotometric methods is not possible. So two derivatization reactions were proposed for determination of ALD through the reaction with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) as chromogenic derivatizing reagents.Results
Three simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of ALD. Method I is based on the reaction of ALD with NBD-Cl. Method II involved heat-catalyzed derivatization of ALD with DNFB, while, Method III is based on micellar-catalyzed reaction of the studied drug with DNFB at room temperature. The reactions products were measured at 472, 378 and 374 nm, for methods I, II and III, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed over the concentration ranges of 1.0-20.0, 4.0-40.0 and 1.5-30.0 ??g/mL with lower limits of detection of 0.09, 1.06 and 0.06 ??g/mL for Methods I, II and III, respectively. The proposed methods were applied for quantitation of the studied drug in its pure form with mean percentage recoveries of 100.47 ± 1.12, 100.17 ± 1.21 and 99.23 ± 1.26 for Methods I, II and III, respectively. Moreover the proposed methods were successfully applied for determination of ALD in different tablets. Proposals of the reactions pathways have been postulated.Conclusion
The proposed spectrophotometric methods provided sensitive, specific and inexpensive analytical procedures for determination of the non-chromophoric drug alendronate either per se or in its tablet dosage forms without interference from common excipients.Graphical abstract
相似文献7.
Matthew J. Fuchter Sven M. Baum Efstathia G. Sakellariou Todd Miller Andrew J.P. White Anthony G.M. Barrett Brian M. Hoffman 《Tetrahedron》2005,61(25):6115-6130
The syntheses of a variety of substituted diaminomaleonitriles, with variable nitrogen substituents, were undertaken. Linstead macrocyclization of the resulting diaminomaleonitriles gave access to a wide range of functionalized porphyrazine-octaamines and hexamines and norphthalocyaninediamines. Conversion of these macrocycles into metallic derivatives and studies of their electronic absorption, solubility and electrochemistry are described. These flexible tetraazaporphyrins show potential in a range of applications including biomedical agents, novel charge-transfer complexes, chemical sensors, novel electronic materials and non-linear optics. 相似文献
8.
Maria Kladi Dimitrios Ntountaniotis Maria Zervou Constantinos Vagias Efstathia Ioannou Vassilios Roussis 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
Glandulaurencianols A and B were isolated from the organic extract of the red alga, Laurencia glandulifera, collected from the island of Crete in South Greece. Investigation of the mollusk, Aplysia punctata, collected from the coast of Nea Makri, Central Greece, resulted in the isolation of glandulaurencianols A and C. The structures of the new metabolites, as well as their relative configurations, were established on the basis of thorough analyses of their spectroscopic data. 相似文献
9.
Here was demonstrated for the first time a possible application of abrasive stripping voltammetry in the direct measurement of trace metals in anoxic, sulfidic marine sediments (peloid mud) from a small and shallow (0.2–1 m) marine lagoon in Central Dalmatia, Croatia. Trace amounts of sample compounds are transferred to the graphite electrode surface and electrochemical reduction or oxidation processes are followed by the cyclic voltammetry in seawater or 0.55 M NaCl as electrolyte. After a preelectrolysis at potentials ranging from ?1.0 to ?1.5 V (vs. SCE) a well‐defined anodic stripping peak corresponding to the oxidation of metal deposits generated at deposition potentials is obtained around ?0.74 V (vs. SCE). The same samples were studied by anodic stripping voltammetry at the Hg electrode and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (ICP‐MS). ICP‐MS showed higher concentrations of trace metals such as Al, Fe, Mo, Mn. A relatively high concentration of reduced sulfur species (RSS) (10?3 M) is determined electrochemically in porewater of the peloid mud, indicating that the magnitude of metal enrichment in the sediments is probably controlled by precipitation with sulfide. 相似文献
10.
Renata Bura Rodney J. Bothast Shawn D. Mansfield John N. Saddler 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2003,106(1-3):319-335
A batch reactor was employed to steam explode corn fiber at various degrees of severity to evaluate the potential of using
this feedstock as part of an enzymatically mediated cellulose-to-ethanol process. Severity was controlled by altering temperature
(150–230°C), residence time (1–9 min), and SO2 concentration (0–6% [w/w] dry matter). The effects of varying the different parameters were assessed by response surface
modeling. The results indicated that maximum sugar yields (hemicellulose-derived water soluble, and cellulose-derived following
enzymatic hydrolysis) were recovered from corn fiber pretreated at 190°C for 5 minutes after exposure to 3% SO2. Sequential SO2-catalyzed steam explosion and enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in a conversion efficiency of 81% of the combined original hemicellulose
and cellulose in the corn fiber to monomeric sugars. An additional posthydrolysis step performed on water soluble hemicellulose
stream increased the concentration of sugars available for fermentation by 10%, resulting in the high conversion efficiency
of 91%. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was able to ferment the resultant corn fiber hydrolysates, perhydrolysate, and liquid fraction from the posthydrolysis steps
to 89, 94, and 85% of theoretical ethanol conversion, respectively. It was apparent that all of the parameters investigated
during the steam explosion pretreatment had a significant effect on sugar recovery, inhibitory formation, enzymatic conversion
efficiency, and fermentation capacity of the yeast. 相似文献