Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: transmission,virology and therapeutic targeting to aid in outbreak control

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes high fever, cough, acute respiratory tract infection and multiorgan dysfunction that may eventually lead to the death of the infected individuals. MERS-CoV is thought to be transmitted to humans through dromedary camels. The occurrence of the virus was first reported in the Middle East and it subsequently spread to several parts of the world. Since 2012, about 1368 infections, including ~487 deaths, have been reported worldwide. Notably, the recent human-to-human ‘superspreading'' of MERS-CoV in hospitals in South Korea has raised a major global health concern. The fatality rate in MERS-CoV infection is four times higher compared with that of the closely related severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Currently, no drug has been clinically approved to control MERS-CoV infection. In this study, we highlight the potential drug targets that can be used to develop anti-MERS-CoV therapeutics.     

Comparative Study of Catalytic Potential of TBAB,BTEAC, and CTAB in One-Pot Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines Under Aqueous Medium

Convenient and straightforward tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), benzyltrienthylammonium chloride (BTEAC), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) catalyzed synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) in water was established for the first time. The catalytic potential of phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs) in three different concentrations was envisioned. Aryl aldehydes and hetero aryl aldehydes afforded good yields of 1,4-DHPs in TBAB and BTEAC reactions. In particular, furfuraldehyde and thienyl-2-carbaldehyde produced excellent yields. Isolation of the products through nonchromatographic methods, good to excellent yields, and benign reaction conditions are the major advantages of this protocol.     

Nucleophilic addition of aliphatic amino acids to N-2-methyl-9-hydroxy-ellipticinium acetate under peroxidase-catalysed oxidative conditions : a reinvestigation and structural revision of the adducts

A reinvestigation of the adducts resulting from a peroxidase-catalysed reaction of $\text{N}$-2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate 1 with some aliphatic amino acids led to their structural revision from 3 to 4.     

CLAY CATALYZED SYNTHESIS OF BIO-DEGRADABLEPOLY(GLYCOLIC ACID)

Glycolic acid was polymerized under vacuum in the presence and absence of nano sized clay.The added clay catalyzed the condensation polymerization which can be confirmed by recording FTIR spectroscopy and intrinsic viscosity (Ⅳ)values.The relative intensity of C=O/CH is increased while increasing the amount of clay.DSC showed the appearance of multiple endotherms of poly(glycolic acid).TGA showed the percentage weight residue remain above 750℃for polymer-nano composite system was 21% and hence proved the...     

Facile synthesis of 9-(arenethenyl)purines via Heck reaction of 9-vinylpurines and aryl halides

The first example of a Heck reaction with 9-vinylpurines and aryl halides is described. It gives exclusively E-9-(arenethenyl)purines in high yields. Subsequent hydrogenation furnishes 9-(arenethyl)purines quantitatively.     

Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride

Journal of Applied Spectroscopy - Amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMH) is a first-generation tricyclic antidepressant drug. Higher doses of AMH may lead to undesirable clinical conditions such as...     

A data-integrated simulation model to forecast ground-level ozone concentration

Elevated ground-level ozone is hazardous to people’s health and destructive to the environment. This research develops a novel data-integrated simulation to forecast ground-level ozone (SIMGO) concentration based on a real data set collected from seven monitoring sites in the Dallas-Fort Worth area between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2007. Tree-based models and kernel density estimation (KDE) were utilized to extract important knowledge from the data for building the simulation. Classification and Regression Trees (CART), data mining tools for prediction and classification, were used to develop two tree structures in order to forecast ground-level ozone based on factors such as solar radiation and outdoor temperature. Kernel density estimation is used to estimate continuous distributions for the ground-level ozone concentration for seven days in advance. One week forecasts obtained from SIMGO for different months of a year is presented.     

Synthesis of new gramine-type analogs of CC-1065

Preparation of two new analogs 5 and 6 of the antitumor antibiotic CC-1065 1 are described. These compounds represent structural modifications of the active analogs 3 and 2 respectively, in which the dienone A-unit has been replaced by the tricyclic achiral gramine unit 4 . Modest cytotoxicity was exhibited by compounds 5 and 6 .     

Synthetic Studies in Phytochrome Chemistry

An account is given of the author's several approaches to the synthesis of the parent chromophore of phytochrome (1), a protein-bound linear tetrapyrrole derivative that controls photomorphogenesis in higher plants. These studies culminated in enantioselective syntheses of both 2R- and 2S-phytochromobilin (4), as well as several (13)C-labeled derivatives designed to probe the site of Z,E-isomerization during photoexcitation. When reacted in vitro, synthetic 2R-4 and recombinant-derived phytochrome apoprotein N-C produced a protein-bound chromophore with identical difference spectra to naturally occurring 1.