利用沉积物和水体的环境DNA检测鱼类物种多样性的差异

环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)调查因其敏感且能提供高分辨率的群落组成数据,正越来越多地被用于生物多样性的监测.但环境DNA研究评估不同的环境样本类型如何影响物种的可检测性仍然很少.在此,我们利用线粒体细胞色素b基因的环境DNA宏条形码比较了鄱阳湖中沉积物和水体的鱼类群落组成.结果显示:沉积物...     

Controllable synthesis,characterization,and growth mechanism of hollow Zn_x Cd_(1-x) S spheres generated by a one-step thermal evaporation method

Novel hollow ZnxCdl xS spheres that are uniform in size are synthesized through the one-step thermal evaporation of a mixture of Zn and CdS powder. From an X-ray diffraction （XRD） study, the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnxCdl_xS is verified, and the Zn mole fraction （x） is determined to be 0.09. According to the experimental results, we propose a mechanism for the growth of Zn0.09Cd0.91S hollow spheres. The results of the cathodoluminescence investigation indicate uniform Zn, Cd, and S distribution of alloyed Zn0.09Cd0.91S, instead of separate CdS, ZnS, or nanocrystals of a core- shell structure. To the best of our knowledge, the fabrication of ZnxCd1-xS hollow spheres of this kind by one-step thermal evaporation has never been reported. This work would present a new method of growing and applying hollow spheres on Si substrates, and the discovery of the Zn0.09Cd0.91S hollow spheres would make the investigation of ZnxCd1-xS micro/nanostructures more interesting and intriguing.     

带形域内裂纹对SH波散射问题的边界元解

采用边界元法研究含裂纹的带形域各向同性弹性体，裂纹对SH波的散射问题，推导出带形域情况下不同边界条件的各种Green函数，导出了以裂纹张开位移为未知数的边界积分方程，计算出表面散射场和总位移．算例表明，利用所提供的格林函数和边界元格式解答带形域的散射问题比较方便．     

二维衰减全反射红外光谱研究水在聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅纳米高分子复合膜中的吸附扩散行为

考虑到基于聚酰亚胺衍生物的电子器件的稳定性和性能,运用二维衰减全反射红外相关光潜研究了水在聚酰亚胺衍生物:poly(4’4- oxydiphenylene pyromellitimide)和二氧化硅的纳米高分子复合膜中的动态吸附和扩散行为．二维相关光谱区分出了三种不同氢键强度的水分子状态,同时,氢键的数量和强度还对不同状态水分子的扩散速率起了决定性的作用,和PI聚合物本身以及PI表面残留的硅酸形成氢键的水分子的扩散速度则最慢.     

La_(0.8-x)Ca_(0.2)MnO_3纳米颗粒的居里温度与磁热效应

采用溶胶 凝胶法制备了系列La0 .8-xCa0 .2 MnO3 多晶样品 ,用X射线衍射分析确定了样品的钙钛矿结构 ,用透射电子显微镜观察了样品的形貌及粒径分布情况 ,用PAR15 5型振动样品磁强计测量了样品的磁性随外场和温度的变化 ,确定样品的居里温度并计算了各样品的磁熵变 .磁测量及计算结果表明制备的各样品的居里温度在180— 2 6 0K的范围内且随焙烧温度和La3 离子空位浓度的不同而变化 ,不同温度焙烧的样品均有较大的磁熵变值 ,其中 110 0℃焙烧的La0 77Ca0 .2 MnO3,多晶样品在 2 40 5K ,H =1 0T的外场下的磁熵变达 3 76J/kg·K ,对实验结果做了定性的分析 .该材料具有较高的居里温度和较大的磁熵变 ,所需外场强度适中 ,电阻率高 ,性能稳定 ,适合做高温磁制冷材料 .     

GRAIN SIZE DEPENDENT MAGNETISM IN GRANULAR MANGANESE PEROVSKITE La0.82Sr0.18MnO3

La_0.82Sr_0.18MnO₃ have been investigated. With grain growth, both an evident decrease of magnetization and the lattice distortions have been simultaneously observed. The phenomenon suggests a structure-coupled change of magnetism in the hole-doped manganese perovskite.     

GRAIN SIZE DEPENDENT MAGNETISM IN GRANULAR MANGANESE PEROVSKITE La0.82Sr0.18MnO3

La_0.82Sr_0.18MnO₃ have been investigated. With grain growth, both an evident decrease of magnetization and the lattice distortions have been simultaneously observed. The phenomenon suggests a structure-coupled change of magnetism in the hole-doped manganese perovskite.     

Generation and measurement of complex laser pulse shapes in the SG-Ⅲ laser facility

The generation and measurement of complex ultraviolet laser pulse shapes is demonstrated in the SG-III laser facility. Relatively high contrast ratio of 300∶1 required by the physics experiment is achieved and successfully measured. Two continuous main shots validate the reproduction and the stability of the pulse shape, which provide solid foundation for precise physics experiment and laser power balance.     

不饱和半夹芯式16e化合物Cp*Ir(S2C2B10H10)与邻、间位取代苯基叠氮的反应性

考虑取代基的位置和电子效应对反应体系的影响, 本文系统地研究了16e化合物Cp^*Ir(S₂C₂B₁₀H₁₀) (1)与邻、间位取代苯基叠氮的反应。研究结果表明：与邻、间位取代苯基叠氮反应均生成苯环邻位碳发生C-H 活化形成C-S 键的金属配合物。这些配合物通过核磁(¹H、¹¹B、¹³C)、红外、质谱、元素分析和单晶结构解析进行了全面地表征。在光照反应结果的基础上, 提出了形成这类产物的自由基机理。     

壳聚糖·聚丙烯酸配合物半互穿聚合物网络膜及其对pH和离子的刺激响应

壳聚糖·聚丙烯酸配合物半互穿聚合物网络膜及其对ｐＨ和离子的刺激响应李文俊王汉夫卢玉华汪志亮钟伟（复旦大学高分子科学系聚合物分子工程开放实验室上海２００４３３）关键词高分子间配合物，互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ），水凝胶，壳聚糖，刺激响应敏感性水凝胶是一种...