大陆岩石圈的热模式

本文讨论了大陆岩石圈的热模式,并利用积分关系法求出了地表热流与岩石圈厚度的关系.给出了岩石圈厚度和地表热流随时间变化的曲线.这些结果均与观测数据相符.文中还从理论上推出大陆地表热流的经验关系式Q_s=a+bH₀,并给出了系数a.b作为固相线温度T_m,热导率k,以及岩石圈厚度L的函数表达式.     

MECHANICAL AND THERMAL STRUCTURE OF A CYLINDRICAL PLUME IN THE EARTH'S MANTLE

A mantle plume is understood as a hot, narrow, upwelling flow in the earth's mantle and accompanied by an efficient transfer of mass and energy from deep to upper layer of the earth. The cylindrical plume in earth's mantle plays an important role in explaining the origin of the surface hot spots and linear island chains. From the basic hydrodynamical equations, the detailed mechanical and thermal structure of a cylindrical plume of Newtouian fluids with temperature and pressure-dependent viscosity are given in the present paper. For two sets of rheological parameters the radial profiles of upward velocity, temperature and viscosity in the plume and radiuses of the plume at various depths have been calculated.     

地幔热柱上升运动的流体动力学模式

关于热点下面地幔热柱(Plume)上升运动的研究,对于开发地热资源,了解火山、地震的成因,以及大陆漂移的驱动力等问题,具有十分重要的意义,本文给出了热柱上升运动的较完整的流体动力学描述,算出了热柱的大小,热柱上升运动的最大涅差、最大速度,以及热柱向岩石圈所传送的热量,其结果与现有的地学观测数据相符合。     

变粘度柱状地幔上涌流对称轴上的温度、速度和粘度分布

本文对地幔粘度随温度和压力变化的牛顿流体,求得了控制上涌流动的流体力学方程组在对称轴处的渐近解。从而得到了对称轴上温度、上涌速度和粘度随深度的变化。计算结果对二组有代表性的地幔流变参数给出。结果表明,对称轴上的温度分布几乎与流变参数无关,而上涌速度则强烈依赖流变参数。     

DISTRIBUTIONS OF TEMPERATURE, VELOCITY AND VISCOSITY AT SYMMETRICAL AXIS OF CYLINDRICAL PLUME IN EARTH'S MANTLE WITH VARIABLE VISCOSITY

The parameters at the symmetrical axis of a cylindrical plume characterize the strength of this plume and provide a boundary condition which must be given to investigate the structure of a plume. For Newtonian fluid with a temperature-and pressure-dependence viscosity, an asymptotical solution of hydrodynamic equations at the symmetrical axis of the plume is found in the present paper. The temperature, upward velocity and viscosity at the symmetrical axis have been obtained as functions of depth, The calculated results have been given for two typical sets of Newtonian rheological parameters. The results obtained show that the temperature distribution along the symmetrical axis is nearly independent of the theological parameters. The upward velocity at the symmetrical axis, however, is strongly dependent on the rheological parameters.     

柱状地幔上涌流动的力学结构和热结构

本文从流体力学基本方程组出发给出了粘度随温度和压力变化的牛顿流体的柱状上涌流的细致的力学结构和热结构,并对二组流变参数算出了各种深度上的上涌速度、温度和粘度的径向剖面以及上涌流动的半径。