急性低氧条件下人脑电图的变化及低氧耐受能力与高山适应能力的关系

本文研究了低压舱急性低氧条件下,人的脑电图变化、低氧耐受能力与高山适应能力之间的关系,并根据18名受试者的测量结果,证明它们之间关系密切。     

急性和慢性缺氧对人体脑电图的影响

本文报道 36名受试者吸入低氧混合气(7000 m)或低压舱急性减压低氧(5000—7500 m)条件下和 46名受试者到达高海拔地区(5000—8600 m)慢性缺氧条件下的脑电图,并对这两组受试者在安静状态、光刺激、过度通气时和中断缺氧后恢复过程中的脑电图特征进行了比较.实验结果表明,在同一个体,缺氧程度愈重,脑电图的变化愈著;在同一高度,急性缺氧比慢性缺氧引起的脑电图变化明显,但恢复速度比慢性缺氧为快。在慢性缺氧条件下,过度通气引起的脑电图变化比急性缺氧条件下为轻;光刺激可使急、慢性缺氧条件下以慢波为特征的脑电图上出现暂时的α波.本文还分析了急、慢性缺氧条件下脑电图变化的可能机制。     

CHANGES ON ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM UNDER ACUTE HYPOXIA AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOLERANT ABILITY TO HYPOXIA AND ADAPTATION ABILITY TO HIGH ALTITUDES

This report deals with the study of the changes of electroencephalogram under acute hypoxia in dccompression chamber and the study of the relationship between tolerant ability to hypoxia and adaptation ability to high altitudes. Based upon the surveying result on 18 subjects, the close interrelationship between them has been proven.     

高原世居者与平原世居者对高山缺氧生理反应的比较

本文研究了中国登山队攀登珠穆朗玛峰时,高原世居者与平原世居者在不同海拔高度上生理功能的异同,结果表明,在静息状况下,高原世居者与平原世居者的二氧化碳通气反应、心电图、脑电图随海拔高度变化而发生的改变没有明显差异,但在海拔5000米体力负荷后的心电图及“心室功能测验”结果却有明显的不同,在5000米上,凡体力活动后心电图上出现不正常型变化,在“心室功能测验”结果落在功能低下区者,登山能力多在6500米以下,而登上8200米以上的队员,在体力负荷后无一人出现不正常的心电图变化,同时也多落在“心室功能测验”的功能良好区。     

THE INFLUENCE OF N_2-O-2 AND He-O_2 SATURATION DIVING ON ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM OF HUMAN BODIESS

This paper reports the changes of the EEG of human bodies during saturation ex-posure at different depths to different mixed gases. The results of the research show thatthe most obvious on EEG was the appearance of diffused slow waves, usually θ wavesof 4- 7 times/s, and δ waves of 2- 3 times/s within individual subjects. The EEG changesat 50 m were more obvious than those at 36 .5 m. With the prolonging of time under highpressure, the EEG had some improvements, for instance, the slow waves decreased andthe α waves increased. There was a certain relationship between these changes and thesymptoms which appeared in the human body. The chief factor of the EEG changes isdue to the effect of nitrogen narcosis during the oxygen-nitrogen diving experiment. Inaddition, carbon dioxide retention under the high pressure is also a factor of the EEGchanges, because repeated inhaling of CO_2-dense mixtures could aggravate the EEGchanges and the reduction of carbon dioxide in humans by hyperventilation could improv     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION

The present investigation was made in rabbits and cats with perfusing mock corebrospinal fluid into fourth ventrieulus to produce experi mental diffusion intracranial hypertension. Under normoxia and acute hypoxia conditions, the changes in cerebral blood flow, spontaneous electrocortical activity, direct cortical response, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure were measured as intracranial hypertension caused by step elevation and abrupt elevation; at the same time, the relationship mentioned above was also investigated. The experimental results are very important to clinic treatment and to the patients suffering from anoxia with intracranial hypertension.     

从海拔50米登上珠穆朗玛峰的心电图分析

1975年5月,我国9名登山队员再一次登上珠穆朗玛峰.与此同时,我们用无线电心电遥测仪对登山运动员的心电图进行了描记.本文着重对6名登上顶峰的登山队员由海拔50米登至8200米以上的心电图特征进行了分析.结果表明,由平原到达海拔8200米以上高度后,心电图上明显变化的是心率、心电轴、Q-T_R、Q-T/T-Q、P波及T波等指标,但是在这些优秀登山运动员的心电图上,未发现有T波平坦、双相或倒置现象,也未见有S-T段的异常偏移.这充分说明,这些登顶队员有优良的身体素质和良好的低氧适应能力;还表明经过低氧训练和适应的人(包括高原世居者和低地世居者)在这样极度的低氧条件下,在相当的时间内,其生理功能可维持在正常范围内.     

THE INFLUENCE OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC HYPOXIA ON THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM OF HUMAN BODY

This report deals with the study of electroencephalograms of 36 subjects who inhaled hypoxic mixture at the sea level (Po_2 is as that at 7000 m above sea level) or in a hypobaric chamber with rapid decompression (as that at 5000—7500 m above sea level) and of 46 subjects who reached high altitude area (5000—8600m) under chronic hypoxia. The characters of the EEGs at rest during photie stimulation, hyperventilation and convalescence after hypoxia were compared in two experiments. The result of experiments shows that in the same individual, the severer the hypoxia, the more obvious the changes on the EEGs. At the same altitude, acute hypoxia causes more obvious changes on the EEGs than chronic one does, but its speed of recovery is faster than that of chronic hypoxia. Under chronic hypoxia, the changes on the EEGs caused by hyperventilation are slighter than those under acute hypoxia. When photic stimulation is given, there is temporary appearance of a waves on the EEGs featuring slow waves under acute     

实验性颅内高压研究

本文是在实验动物(兔和猫)上用第四脑室灌注人工脑脊液的方法造成实验性弥漫性颅内高压。研究在常氧和急性低氧条件下阶梯性和急骤性方式升高颅内压力时脑血流、脑自发电活动、直接皮层反应、心电图、血压和灌注压的变化,同时还研究其相互关系。本研究结果对临床,尤其对缺氧性颅内高压病人具有重要的参考价值。     

氮氧和氦氧模拟饱和潜水对人体脑电图的影响

本文报道人体长时间饱和暴露于不同深度和呼吸N_2-O_2和He-O_2混合气体时的脑电图变化。结果表明,当人体暴露于相当于36.5m和50m氮氧环境的海下时,脑电图上最明显的变化是出现弥漫性的慢波,通常为每秒4—7次的θ波,个别为每秒2—3次的δ波,在50m处脑电图的变化较在36.5m处更为明显。随着在高压下停留时间的延长,脑电图的改变有一定改善:慢波减少,α波增多,这种变化和人体出现的症状有一定的关系。高压氮氧条件下导致脑电图变化的主要因素是氮的麻醉效应,另外,高压下体内二氧化碳的潴留也是脑电图变化的诱因,因为高压下重复呼吸高浓度的二氧化碳混合气可加重脑电图的改变,而用过度通气导致体内二氧化碳下降时可使异常的脑电图得到改善。在302m氦氧饱和暴露时人体脑电图的主要变化是θ活动甚至δ活动增加;α节律减少,振幅下降,在302m处还可见有θ指数的增加和α指数的减少。在上述任何压力条件下,当背景脑电图呈现以慢波为特征的异常改变时,结予光刺激可使脑电得到暂时的改善;慢波消失,α波出现,光刺激停止后,α波消失,慢波再现,这表明高压下脑电图的异常改变是脑功能的一种暂时的可逆性的变化。