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本文作者将聚丙烧腈样品分别在200°,250℃……的真空和空气中,以及在180°, 200℃……的氨气中,以逐步升温的方式进行热处理。在每一阶段处理的前后,对样品和产物的红外光谱、重量、它们在浓硫酸和冰醋酸中的溶解度、在浓硫酸中的紫外光谱、以及它们在冰醋酸回流抽提后所余残渣的红外光谱都进行了测量。提出了足以解释所有主要现象的反应机理,其中包括三个重要步骤的反应:(1)特征基团的产生,(2)分子内部的环化,(3)较高温度下的脱氨反应。从每个步骤反应的分析可以看出,热处理所得产物只能是含多核呲啶骈环不长、结构杂乱的高聚物。由于过去学者提出的反应机理只是根据部分实验结果考虑了分子内部环化的发生,而不可能发现到环化的必然中断,因此有些作者根据这机理所作关于产物的半导体电磁性能的解释是值得进一步研究的。 相似文献
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After the cultured cells from Hyoscyamus muticus + Nicotiana tabacum somatic hybridswere cocultivated with different virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboringoctopine- type Ti plasmid or nopaline- type Ti plasmid using the transformation procedurein vitro developed in the present investigation, the TiT- DNA genes were introducedinto the host cells. The onc genes and ocs or nos genes located on TiT- DNA were expres-sed in transformed colonies derived from the cocultivated cells. Although the platingefficiencies of recipient cells were reduced by the agrobacterial treatment, the frequenciesof phytohormone autotrophy ranged from 33.9 to 76 .8% in the cells infected with viru-lent strains in hormone- free conditions, and the frequencies of opine synthase activityamounted to 9.7- 47 .5%. Teratomatous shoots were regenerated from the transformed col-onies. During the course of culture the shoots were no longer to lengthen when theygrew up to 1 -3 cm in length, and they could not be rooted. Follo 相似文献
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A new cell engineering technique (L. B. technique) was established in our Lab. At first, the physical and chemical methods were used to facilitate the reestablishment of intercellular contacts and plasmodesma channels between different parents, thus forcing cytoplasm and chromatin to pass the cell wall with different qualities and quantities from one cell to others, through the enlarged intercellular plasmodesma channels or the vulnerable regions and the holes on the cell wall formed differently in growth and thickness in the process of cell wall formation to introduce external genetic substances or gene groups into plant cells. There are different ways, frequencies and strengths for the migration between the cells in different growth and development regions or the same growth and development region. In this paper we advance the mechanism of cytoplasm and chromatin migration through the cell wall: There are a large number of plasmodesma channels or vulnerable regions and holes different in growth and th 相似文献
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本文用DWBA方法对两种入射能量Eα=31和和43MeV的64Zn(α, α′)64Zn*非弹性散射中可能的四极-八极双声子激发进行了研究. 考虑了核力势和库仑势, 零级近似核力势取为Woods-Saxon势, 由靶核振动引起的核力势的非球对称部分V1作为微扰. 在计算中, V1取到核表面集体坐标αλν的二级项, 总初态波函数Ψ(+)i取到V1的一级项,目在扭曲波格林函数中略去了作为中间态的吸收道. 此外在双声子激发机制中, 假设直接双声子激发的贡献是主要的, 相继双声子激发的贡献是次要的. 所得的理论角分布与实验符合得相当好. 由这样符合可推知64Zn的3.72和4.19MeV能级是四极-八极双声子激发能级, 其角动量和宇称分别为3-和5-. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种计算带约束不可微凸规划问题的算法。这是一种利用有关函数的次梯度的可行方向法,它也可以作为[2]中给出的无约束bundle方法在带有不可微凸的约束情形下的推广。本文给出了算法收敛性的证明。对于求解本算法中所用到的计算多面体凸锥与凸多面体间最短距离这个子问题,也给出了一个收敛性得以保证的方法。 相似文献
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STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF B CHROMOSOMES IN RYE 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The morphological structure, classification and meiotic behaviour as well as the possible origin of the extra centric fragment produced after intercellular chromatin migration (cytomixis) in pollen mother cells during synizesis in rye have been studied by the squash and Giemsa·C-banding techniques. The results showed that the structures of extra centric fragments are metacentric, submetacentric, telocentric or subtelocentric, being quite different from each other. Their originations are stochastic, because any chromosome can be formed by the fragment. The meiotic behaviour of extra centric fragments is identical with that of B chromosomes. We consider that extra centric fragments are B chromosomes. The fragments originated from the fragmentation of A chromosomes at synizesis during cytomixis. Thus we consider that cytomixis could be one of the origins of B chromosomes. 相似文献
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人工促使细胞间细胞质和染色质穿壁转移实现外源遗传物质导入途径的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我们建立的一项新的细胞工程技术(L.B.技术)是用物理和化学方法促使不同亲本细胞间建立联结和通道,进而迫使镶嵌生长在一起的两亲本细胞间细胞质和染色质从细胞壁的一处或几处,以不同的质和量通过扩大了的胞间通道“穿入”或通过因细胞壁形成过程中不均匀生长和加厚并经L.B.技术处理而出现的薄弱区域或孔穴“穿入”相邻细胞,实现植物细胞对外源遗传物质或基因群的导入.不同的细胞生长发育区域的细胞间及同一生长发育区域细胞间穿壁转移的方式、频率、强度也是不同的.导入的历程和途径是,镶嵌生长在一起的两亲本细胞团,经低渗低pH值K~+溶液处理后,细胞吸水膨胀,原生质和核液川流增强,细胞壁松弛,壁上通道扩大,并在壁上薄弱区域形成更多的孔穴,这些造成了穿壁的良好结构和生理状态,渗透压和离心力则是实际驱动力,促使细胞质和染色质大量而强烈地穿壁转移,实现外源遗传物质的导入. 相似文献