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Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a spatially evolving fiat-plate boundary layer transition process at free stream Mach number 0. 7 is performed. Tollmien-Schlichting (T-S) waves are added on the inlet boundary as the disturbances before transition. Typical coherent structures in the transition process are investigated based on the second invariant of velocity gradient tensor. The instantaneous shear stress and the mean velocity profile in the transition region are studied. In our view, the fact that the peak value of shear stress in the stress concentration area increases and exceeds a threshold value during the later stage of the trallsition process plays an important role in the laminar breakdown process. 相似文献
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激波与转捩边界层干扰非定常特性数值分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
激波与边界层干扰的非定常问题是高速飞行器气动设计中基础研究内容之一.以往研究主要针对层流和湍流干扰,在分离激波低频振荡及其内在机理方面存在着上游机制和下游机制两类截然不同的理论解释.分析激波与转捩边界层干扰下非定常运动现象有助于进一步加深理解边界层状态以及分离泡结构对低频振荡特性的影响规律,为揭示其产生机理指出新的方向.采用直接数值模拟方法对来流马赫数2.9,24?压缩拐角内激波与转捩边界层干扰下激波的非定常运动特性进行了数值分析.通过在拐角上游平板特定的流向位置添加吹吸扰动激发流动转捩,使得进入拐角的边界层处于转捩初期阶段.在验证了计算程序可靠性的基础上,详细分析了转捩干扰下激波运动的间歇性和振荡特征,着重研究了分离泡展向三维结构对激波振荡特性的影响规律,最后还初步探索了转捩干扰下激波低频振荡产生的物理机制.研究结果表明:分离激波的非定常运动仍存在强间歇性和低频振荡特征,其时间尺度约为上游无干扰区内脉动信号特征尺度的10倍量级;分离泡展向三维结构不会对分离激波的低频振荡特征产生实质影响.依据瞬态脉动流场的低通滤波结果,转捩干扰下激波低频振荡的诱因来源于拐角干扰区下游,与流场中分离泡的收缩/膨胀运动存在一定的关联. 相似文献
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对来流Mach数2.25和6的平板边界层湍流进行了直接数值模拟, 并通过与理论、实验及他人计算结果的对比对数值结果进行了验证. 基于直接数值模拟得到的湍流数据库, 对常用的湍流模型进行了先验评估. 评估的湍流模型有k-εvarepsilon模型(包括标准k-εvarepsilon 模型、可实现的k-εvarepsilon模型及低Reynolds数k-εvarepsilon模型)、SA模型及BL模型. 结果显示, 对于Mach2.25的平板边界层, 可实现的k-εvarepsilon 模型及低Reynolds 数k-εvarepsilon模型具有较好的预测能力, 而标准k-εvarepsilon模型预测的湍流黏性系数偏高; SA模型在边界层内层预测准确度较高, 而在外层预测值偏高. 而对于Mach6的平板边界层, k-εvarepsilon模型及SA模型预测的湍流黏性系数均偏高, 尤其是标准k-εvarepsilon模型. 对于Mach6的平板边界层, BL模型低估了内-外层交界位置, 造成湍流黏性系数预测值严重偏低. 作者通过修改模型系数及内-外层交界位置对BL模型进行了修改, 修改后模型预测的湍流黏性系数与DNS给出的值吻合较好. 相似文献
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采用基于非等距网格的紧致差分方法对Mach数为0.8,Reynolds数为3300的可压缩槽道湍流进行了直接数值模拟.建立了充分发展的可压缩槽道湍流数据库.该流场的统计特征(如等效平均速度分布,半局部尺度无量纲化的脉动均方根分布)与他人的数值计算结果吻合较好.在此DNS结果的基础上,作者对该流场进行了统计分析和机理研究.得到了可压缩槽道湍流场的高阶统计矩.同时分析了压缩性效应对近壁相干结构的影响机理,认为在可压壁湍流的近壁区,压力在压缩_膨胀上的做功部分吸收了脉动速度的动能,使得可压湍流的近壁速度条带结构更加平整.还对可压缩槽道湍流进行了标度律分析,指出可压槽道湍流中心线附近较宽的区域内存在标度律及扩展的自相似性.认为当Mach数不是很高时压缩性效应对标度指数影响不大.通过数值计算得到可压缩槽道湍流的标度指数. 相似文献
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不可压N-S方程高效算法及二维槽道湍流分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
构造了基于非等距网格的迎风紧致格式,并将其与三阶精度的Adams半隐方法相结合,构造了求解不可压N-S方程高效算法。该算法利用基于交错网格的离散形式的压力Poisson方程求解压力项,解决了边界处的残余散度问题;同时还利用快速Fourier变换将方程的隐式部分解耦,离散后的代数方程组利用追赶法求解,大大减少了计算量。通过对二维槽道流动的数值模拟,证实了所构造的数值方法具有精度高,稳定性好,能抑制混淆误差等优点,同时具有很高的计算效率,是进行壁湍流直接数值模拟的有效方法。在数值模拟的基础上对二维槽道流动进行了分析,得到了Reynolds数从6000到15000的二维流动饱和态解(所谓“二维槽道湍流”);定性及定量结果均与他人的数值计算结果吻合十分理想。对流场进行了分析,指出了“二维湍流”与三维湍流统计特性的区别。 相似文献
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Direct Numerical Simulation of a Spatially Evolving Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer at Ma = 6 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
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Direct numerical simulation is carried out for a spatially evolving supersonic turbulent boundary layer at freestream Mach number 6. To overcome numerical instability, the seventh-order WENO scheme is used for the convection terms of Navier-Stokes equations, and fine mesh is adopted to minimize numerical dissipation. Compressibility effects on the near-wall turbulent kinetic energy budget are studied. The cross-stream extended self-similarity and scaling exponents including the near-wall region are studied. In high Mach number flows, the coherence vortex structures are arranged to be smoother and streamwised, and the hair-pin vortices are less likely tO OCCUr. 相似文献
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Direct numerical simulations of a spatially evolving supersonic flat-plate turbulent boundary layer flow with free Mach number M∞ = 2.25 and Reynolds number Re = 365000/in are performed. The transition process from laminar to turbulent flow is obtained by solving the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations, using high-order accurate difference schemes. The obtained statistical results agree well with the experimental and theoretical data. From the numerical results it can be seen that the transition process under the considered conditions is the process which skips the Tollmien-Schlichting instability and the second instability through the instability of high gradient shear layer and becomes of laminar flow breakdown. This means that the transition process is a bypass-type transition process. The spanwise asymmetry of the disturbance locally upstream imposed is important to induce the bypass-type transition. Furthermore, with increasing the time disturbance frequency the transition will delay. When the time disturbance frequency is large enough, the transition will disappear. 相似文献
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An approach which combines direct numerical simulation (DNS) with the Lighthill acoustic analogy theory is used to study the potential noise sources during the transition process of a Mach 2.25 flat plate boundary layer. The quadrupole sound sources due to the flow fluctuations and the dipole sound sources due to the fluctuating surface stress are obtained. Numerical results suggest that formation of the high shear layers leads to a dramatic amplification of amplitude of the fluctuating quadrupole sound sources. Compared with the quadrupole sound source, the energy of dipole sound source is concentrated in the relatively low frequency range. 相似文献