离子液体的制备与性质表征——介绍一个综合化学实验

本实验以甲基咪唑为原料,合成1－甲基－3－丁基咪唑溴盐,再通过阴离子交换合成1－甲基－3－丁基咪唑氟硼酸盐和1－甲基－3－丁基氟磷酸盐离子液体,然后通过红外、紫外、核磁对其进行表征。并测定了上述离子液体的电导率、黏度、吸水性和溶解性等性质。     

臭氧氧化法合成全羟基葫芦[6]脲

葫芦脲(CB[n])的直接衍生化一直是一项难题。本文用臭氧氧化法将CB[6]衍生化,合成全羟基葫芦[6]脲((OH)12CB[6])。CB[6]与O3在20℃下反应 22h,生成(OH)12CB[6]的产率为44%,并探究了丙酮扩散法、柱层析法和DMSO提纯法三种去除无机盐的方法的可行性。臭氧由电解水制得,成本低,没有二次污染,且臭氧氧化能力强,在室温下即可氧化葫芦脲。本文为合成全羟基葫芦脲提供了新的方法。     

高能电子辐照绝缘厚样品的表面电位动态特性

采用数值计算和实验测量相结合的方法, 阐明了高能电子束照射下绝缘厚样品的表面电位和电子产额动态特性. 结果表明: 由于电子在样品内部的散射和输运, 沿着深度方向, 空间电位先缓慢下降到最小值, 然后逐渐升高并趋近于零; 随着电子束照射, 样品的表面电位逐渐下降, 可至负千伏量级, 电子总产额逐渐增大至一个接近于1的稳定值; 电子束停止照射后, 长时间放置下, 表面电位将逐渐升高, 但带电并不会消除; 表面电位随电子束能量的升高近似线性下降, 随入射角的增大而升高, 而随样品厚度的增大仅略有下降.     

Effects of prism beam expander and slits on excimer laser linewidth narrowing module

Theoretical simulation and experiments based on a prism beam expander and an echelle grating are conducted to study the dependence of linewidth and pulse energy on incidence angle and slit width. With a larger prism incident angle or narrower slit width, the linewidth becomes narrower while the laser pulse energy becomes lower. However, the pulse energy can be improved by optimally designing the prism beam expander. In addition, a subpicometer linewidth ArF laser is obtained with a double-prism beam expander and an echelle grating.     

TVD格式中压缩波判别的人工压缩法

提出了ＴＶＤ格式中的一种新型人工压缩技术和ＭａｘＥｔａ 方法,并以此对平面冲击波传播 反射问题以及三维冲击波的坑道扩散问题进行了数值模拟,取得了很好的结果。     

高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中七烯甲萘醌

建立高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中七烯甲萘醌(MK-7)。含油脂类食品先经脂肪酶酶解,再经异丙醇提取,不含油食品直接使用异丙醇超声提取,采用高效液相紫外检测器进行检测。用Intersil ODS–3 C_(18)型色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),以甲醇–异丙醇(体积比为75∶25)为流动相,流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为270 nm,柱温为40℃,进样体积为20μL。MK-7的质量浓度在0.4-20 mg/L的范围内与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9998,方法检出限为0.06 mg/L,定量限为0.2 mg/L。含油脂类食品与不含油脂类食品中MK-7平均加标回收率分别为96.2%、103.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0.9%、1.0%(n=9)。室温下,MK-7样品溶液在24 h内稳定。该方法操作简单,可用于保健食品中MK-7的含量测定。     

吗啉离子液晶的合成和介晶行为

一系列吗啉离子液晶被合成,包括N-烷基-N-甲基吗啉类盐(Mor1, nX, n = 10, 12, 14, 16, X = BF4-) 和酸性N-十六烷基吗啉类盐(Mor16X, X = BF4-, CH3SO3- and p-CH3C6H4SO3-) 。它们的介晶性质通过差示扫描量热仪,偏光显微镜表征。N-十六烷基-N-甲基吗啉氟硼酸离子液晶的分子结构通过单晶衍射和变温小角X射线衍射进行研究。结果表明,氟硼酸阴离子利于介晶化合物的形成和稳定,且它与吗啉阳离子形成的氢键导致了介晶相变过程中的构造变化。     

Charging dynamics of polymer due to electron irradiation: A simultaneous scattering-transport model and preliminary results

We present a novel numerical model and simulate preliminarily the charging process of polymer subjected to electron irradiation of several 10 keV. The model includes the simultaneous processes of electron scattering and ambipolar transport and the influence of a self-consistent electric field on the scattering distribution of electrons. The dynamic spatial distribution of charges is obtained and validated by existing experimental data. Our simulations show that excess negative charges are concentrated near the edge of the electron range. However, the formed region of high charge density may extend to the surface and bottom of a kapton sample, due to the effects of electric field on electron scattering and charge transport, respectively. Charge trapping is then demonstrated to significantly influence the charge motion. The charge distribution can be extended to the bottom as the trap density decreases. Charge accumulation is therefore balanced by the appearance and increase of leakage current. Accordingly, our model and numerical simulation provide a comprehensive insight into the charging dynamics of polymer irradiated by electrons in the complex space environment.