Dynamic characteristics and simulation of traffic flow with slope

This paper proposes a new traffic model to describe traffic flow with slope under consideration of the gravity effect. Based on the model, stability analysis is conducted and a numerical simulation is performed to explore the characteristics of the traffic flow with slope. The result shows that the perturbation of the system is an inherent one, which is induced by the slope. In addition, the hysteresis loop is represented through plotting the figure of velocity against headway and highly depends on the slope angle. The kinematic wave at high density is also obtained through reproducing the phenomenon of stop-and-go traffic, which is significant to explore the phase transition of traffic flow and the evolution of traffic congestion.     

Evacuation of pedestrians from a hall by game strategy update

In this paper, a cellular automaton model considering game strategy update is proposed to study the pedestrian evacuation in a hall. Pedestrians are classified into two categories, i.e., cooperators and defectors, and they walk to an exit according to their own strategy change. The conflicts that two or three pedestrians try to occupy the same site at the same time are investigated in the Game theory model. Based on it, the relationship between the pedestrian flow rate and the evacuation time as well as the variation of cooperative proportion against evacuation time is investigated from the different initial cooperative proportions under the influence of noise. The critical value of the noise is found when there is a small number of defectors in the initial time. Moreover, the influences of the initial cooperative proportion and strength of noise on evacuation are discussed. The results show that the lower the initial cooperative proportion as well as the bigger the strength of noise, the longer the time it takes for evacuation.     

An improved cellular automaton model considering the effect of traffic lights and driving behaviour

This paper proposes an improved cellular automaton model to describe the urban traffic flow with the consideration of traffic light and driving behaviour effects. Based on the model,the characteristics of the urban traffic flow on a single-lane road are investigated under three different control strategies,i.e.,the synchronized,the green wave and the random strategies. The fundamental diagrams and time-space patterns of the traffic flows are provided for these strategies respectively. It finds that the dynamical transition to the congested flow appears when the vehicle density is higher than a critical level. The saturated flow is less dependent on the cycle time and the strategies of the traffic light control,while the critical vehicle density varies with the cycle time and the strategies. Simulated results indicate that the green wave strategy is proven to be the most effective one among the above three control strategies.     

信号灯控制下的交通流数值模拟

为研究信号灯控制下的交通流特性,利用先前提出的一个改进的NaSch模型对信号灯控制下的单车道交通流进行了建模和模拟,模型中考虑了司机和车辆的敏感性．模拟得到的流量一密度图包括3个不同的密度区域,即畅通交通、饱和交通和拥挤交通．结果显示：当信号周期丁小于某个值时,饱和流量随着丁的增大而增大,这与大多数微观模型的模拟结果不同．随后通过车辆演化时空图分析了其中的微观机理,得出司机和车辆的敏感性对流量的变化起着重要的作用．同时对交通拥堵特性也进行了研究,表明当处于饱和交通时,信号灯不仅会引起局部拥堵,还会对整体交通造成影响．     

Effect of multi-velocity-difference in traffic flow

Based on the optimal velocity models, an extended model is proposed, in which multi-veloclty-dllterence aheacl is taken into consideration. The damping effect of the multi-velocity-difference ahead has been investigated by means of analytical and numerical methods. Results indicate that the multi-velocity-difference leads to the enhancement of stability of traffic flow, suppression of the emergence of traffic jamming, and reduction of the energy consumption.