Structural and magnetic properties of RF sputtered FePt/Fe multilayers

Series of [FePt(4min)/Fe(t_Fe)]₁₀ multilayers have been prepared by RF magnetron sputtering and post-annealing in order to optimize their magnetic properties by structural designs. The structure, surface morphology, composition and magnetic properties of the deposited films have been characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Rutherford backscattering (RBS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is found that after annealing at temperatures above 500 °C, FePt phase undergoes a phase transition from disordered FCC to ordered FCT structure, and becomes a hard magnetic phase. X-ray diffraction studies on the series of [FePt/Fe]_n multilayer with varying Fe layer thickness annealed at 500 and 600 °C show that lattice constants change with Fe layer thickness and annealing temperature. Both lattice constants a and c are smaller than those of standard ones, and lattice constant a decreases as Fe layer deposition time increases. Only a slight increase in grain size was observed as Fe layer decreased in samples annealed at 500 °C. However, the increase in grain size is large in samples annealed at 600 °C. The coercivities of [FePt/Fe]_n multilayers decrease with Fe layer deposition time, and the energy product (BH)_max reaches a maximum in the samples with Fe layer deposition time of 3 min. Comparison of magnetic properties with structure showed an almost linear relationship between the lattice constant a and the coercivities of the FePt phase.     

Influence of substrate temperature on surface textured ZnO:Al films etched with NaOH solution

Transparent conducting Al-doped ZnO (ZnO:Al, AZO) thin films with good optical and electrical characteristics were prepared by direct current pulse magnetron sputtering. Textured surfaces of AZO films were obtained by etching with NaOH solution successfully and the effect of substrate temperature on the surface texture was investigated. The surface is covered with craters after etching with 5% NaOH solution, and the crater diameter decreases gradually as substrate temperature increases. For AZO film deposited at 270, the crater diameters is 0.5-1 μm, which is an effective surface texture for light trapping.     

Comparison principles for viscosity solutions of elliptic equations via fuzzy sum rule

A comparison principle for viscosity sub- and super-solutions of second order elliptic partial differential equations is derived using the “fuzzy sum rule” of non-smooth calculus. This method allows us to weaken the assumptions made on the function F when the equation F(x,u,Du,D²u)=0 is under consideration.     

Necessary Optimality Conditions for Some Control Problems of Elliptic Equations with Venttsel Boundary Conditions

In this paper we derive a necessary optimality condition for a local optimal solution of some control problems. These optimal control problems are governed by a semi-linear Vettsel boundary value problem of a linear elliptic equation. The control is applied to the state equation via the boundary and a functional of the control together with the solution of the state equation under such a control will be minimized. A constraint on the solution of the state equation is also considered.     

Biomimetic total synthesis of malbrancheamide and malbrancheamide B

The biomimetic total syntheses of both malbrancheamide and malbrancheamide B are reported. The synthesis of the two monochloro species enabled the structure of malbrancheamide B to be unambiguously assigned. The syntheses each feature an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of a 5-hydroxypyrazin-2(1H)-one to construct the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core, which has also been proposed as the biosynthetic route to these compounds.     

铜纳米薄片双轴应变弹性响应的第一性原理研究

近年来,在纳米尺度的研究中应用到很多表面的技术和概念.然而,以往针对表面的研究中对象为单晶块体样品,这些研究结果将不再适用纳米材料.为了研究表面对纳米体系弹性响应的影响,选取较为简单的铜纳米薄片为研究对象,构建了铜（111）面和（001）面的薄片模型,使用第一性原理方法计算了铜纳米薄片的双轴泊松比,分析了纳米薄片与体材料的差异,研究不同厚度纳米薄片中表面对内层原子的影响.计算结果显示,表面原子层的双轴泊松比大于内部原子层,并且其收敛速度和数值大小均和薄片取向有关.根据双轴泊松比随厚度的变化特性,可以得到不同取向的纳米薄片中表面对弹性响应的临界厚度.     

CF/PTFE纤维混编织物增强环氧复合材料干摩擦特性

采用碳纤维与聚四氟乙烯纤维(CF/PTFE)混编织物增强,制备了环氧树脂基自润滑复合材料,研究了钢背衬复合材料与45钢在环-环端面干摩擦状态下的摩擦学特性,考查了纤维织物、摩擦热、载荷、速度对材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,用红外热像仪、热电偶及风冷方式对摩擦副温度进行监控,用激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料及偶件磨损面进行了观察与能谱分析.结果表明:与碳织物相比,混编纤维织物大大改善了复合材料的摩擦学性能,改善效果极大依赖于摩擦温度、载荷和速度参数.PTFE纤维磨损后在树脂基体及偶件表面形成减摩型转移膜层,材料表现为疲劳磨损特征.摩擦高温使复合材料摩擦学特性改变,黏结磨损加剧,偶件钢环表面出现氧化磨损,树脂基体塑性流动,摩擦力增大.混编纤维的排布方式影响复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,摩擦面上大量破碎的碳纤维易使偶件表面转移膜受到破坏,复合材料转变为以磨粒磨损为主,减摩主要源于磨屑中的润滑组分.     

Synthesis and characterization of C3N4 hard films

C3N4 films have been synthesized on both Si and Pt substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) method. X-ray spectra were calculated for single phase α-C3N4 and β-C3N4 respectively. The experimental X-ray spectra of films deposited on both Si and Pt substrates showed all the strong peaks of α-C3N4 and β-C3N4, so the films are mixtures of α-C3N4 and β-C3N4. The N/C atomic ratio is in the range of 1.0-2.0. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the binding energy of C 1s and N 1s are 286.2 eV and 399.5 eV respectively, corresponding to polarized C-N bond. Fourier transform infrared absorption (FT-IR) and Raman spectra support the existence of C-N covalent bond in the films. Nano-indentation hardness tests showed that the bulk modulus of a film deposited on Pt is up to 349 GPa.     

Structure-based design of potent non-peptide MDM2 inhibitors

A successful structure-based design of a class of non-peptide small-molecule MDM2 inhibitors targeting the p53-MDM2 protein-protein interaction is reported. The most potent compound 1d binds to MDM2 protein with a Ki value of 86 nM and is 18 times more potent than a natural p53 peptide (residues 16-27). Compound 1d is potent in inhibition of cell growth in LNCaP prostate cancer cells with wild-type p53 and shows only a weak activity in PC-3 prostate cancer cells with a deleted p53. Importantly, 1d has a minimal toxicity to normal prostate epithelial cells. Our studies provide a convincing example that structure-based strategy can be employed to design highly potent, non-peptide, cell-permeable, small-molecule inhibitors to target protein-protein interaction, which remains a very challenging area in chemical biology and drug design.