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10 mol% Cul combined with the DMEDA ligand can efficiently catalyze the N-arylation of 2-arylindoles with aryl iodides and aryl bromides in good to excellent yields. The aryl halides bearing electron-rich or electron-deficient functional groups can be well tolerated under this mild reaction conditions. 相似文献
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红外、近红外光谱-簇类的独立软模式方法识别植物调和油脂 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用IR,NIR光谱法结合簇类的独立软模式(SIMCA)识别方法对植物油脂进行分类识别,建立了识别二元、三元植物调和油脂的测定方法。应用NIRCal5.2软件的SIMCA技术,分别为所制备的植物调和油脂建立了IR和NIR识别模型,并讨论了光谱处理和数据处理方法来提高模型的分类识别效果。分别以各种植物调和油脂的IR和NIR光谱为变量,随机抽取2/3的样本作训练集,建立了各个调和油的主成分分析(Princi-pal component analysis,PCA)模型;1/3作验证集,对所建模型进行验证识别。用聚类分析-主成分分析(CLU-PCA)方法考察调和油的IR,NIR光谱信息与其纯油的主成分分布。结果显示,在4000~10000cm-1光谱范围内,SIMCA可以对15种二元调和油和2种三元调和油的NIR光谱分别聚类并识别;并对10种二元调和油和2种三元调和油的IR光谱分别聚类并识别。IR以4个波数1099,1119,1746与2855cm-1的吸收值作为分析基础,选择不同的主成分数及数据预处理方法。各种油脂的SIMCA分析的分类精度均为100%,调和油的验证识别准确率100%,最低识别比例为1%,且IR识别灵敏度高于NIR。 相似文献
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The filter made up of two gratings performs as a two-dimensional non-spatial filtering. This paper reports that the volume Bragg gratings are fabricated by interfering two collimated coherent laser beams in photopolymer. Diffraction efficiency of a single grating is up to 78% in Bragg's condition, then a two-dimensional non-spatial filter, which consists of two volume Bragg gratings and a half-wave plate, enables the laser beam filtered in two dimensions with the diffraction efficiency of 54%. The Bragg's condition and effect of polarisation on performances of the two-dimension filter are also discussed. 相似文献
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An innovative gas sensor with on-chip reference using a monolithic twin laser is proposed. In this sensor a monolithic twin laser generates two closer laser beams with slight different wavelengths alternatively, one photodiode is used to catch both absorption and reference signals by time division multiplexing. The detection of nitrous oxide adopting this scheme using a 2.1μm antimonide laser and an InGaAs photodiode has been demonstrated experimentally with detection limit below 1ppm. Using this on chip reference scheme the fluctuations from the optical path and devices can be compensated effectively; the sensor system is simplified distinctly. 相似文献
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A series of novel self-dispreading phenoxy carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized by I2 catalyzed one-step reaction. Their structures were confirmed by IR, NMR, and HRMS. The derivatives can self-spread and float on the water surface. Preliminary bioassays showed that some compounds, 3i–3p, had excellent herbicidal activities against water hyacinth. This strategy provided a novel approach for the water hyacinth control. 相似文献
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This paper studies the structure and electronic properties of Li4Ti5O12, as anode material for lithium ion batteries, from first principles calculations. The results suggest that there are two kinds of unit cell of Li4Ti5O12: n-type and p-type. The two unit cells have different structures and electronic properties:the n-type with two 16d site Li ions is metallic by electron, while the p-type with three 16d Li ions is metallic by hole. However, the Li4Ti5O12 is an insulator. It is very interesting that one n-type cell and two p-type cells constitute one Li4Ti5O12 supercell which is insulating. The results show that the intercalation potential obtained with a p-type unit cell with one additional electron is quite close to the experimental value of 1.5 V. 相似文献