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1.
Summary The solution conformations of 1,4-diaryl-tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furans were determined by means of the LIS technique using a modified LIS-simulation program specially designed for the requirements of the aromatic 1,2,3-trimethoxy arrangement as a bidentate coordination site for the NMR shift reagent. The resulting geometries were confirmed by force field calculations (MM2-87) and compared with X-ray derived structures. Reliable data for the conformations in solution allowed a quantitative estimation of the circular dichroism based on the coupled oscillator model.
Lanthanideninduzierte Verschiebungen von aromatischen 1,2,3-Trimethoxy-Verbindungen: Konformationsanalyse von Tetrahydrofurofuran-Lignanen in Lösung
Zusammenfassung Es wurden mittels der LIS-Technik die Konformationen von 1,4-Diaryl-tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furanen in Lösung bestimmt. Dazu mußte ein modifiziertes LIS-Simulationsprogramm entworfen werden, das auf die besonderen Verhältnisse der aromatischen 1,2,3-Trimethoxy-Gruppierung eingeht, welche in den untersuchten Verbindungen als zweizähnige Koordinationsstelle für das NMR-Verschiebungsreagens fungiert. Die resultierenden Geometrien wurden mittels Kraftfeldrechnungen (MM2-87) überprüft und soweit vorhanden auch mit Röntgenstrukturdaten verglichen. Für die Lösungskonformationen wurde eine quantitative Abschätzung des Circulardichroismus auf der Basis des Modells für gekoppelte Oszillatoren durchgeführt.相似文献
2.
Manufacturing technology for the fabrication a discrete actuator
using a magnetic shape memory alloy
B. Spasova M. C. Wurz H. H. Gatzen 《The European physical journal. Special topics》2008,158(1):243-247
To demonstrate the feasibility of combining thin-film fabrication techniques and discrete MSM stripes, a hybrid actuator system
was designed. The actuator system consists of four thin-film stators and two discrete MSM stripes mounted in a row. For creating
an actuator motion, one of the MSM stripes has to be excited by a pair of stators to cause variant switching. This results
in an elongation plus a compression of the second stripe and vice versa. The technologies required for fabricating the thin-film
stator are sputter deposition, PECVD, electroplating, etching, and photolithography. This paper describes the fabrication
process for a thin-film stator used for the MSM micro actuator system. It also presents technology study results indicating
the feasibility of the planned fabrication sequence. 相似文献
3.
The performance of a laser ablation mass analyser designed for in-situ exploration of the chemical composition of planetary
surfaces has been investigated. The instrument measures the elemental and isotopic composition of raw solid materials with
high spatial resolution. The initial studies were performed on NIST standard materials using IR laser irradiance (< 1 GW cm−2) at which a high temporal stability of ion formation and sufficiently low sample consumption was achieved. Measurements of
highly averaged spectra could be performed with typical mass resolution of m/Δm ≈ 600 in an effective dynamic range spanning seven decades. Sensitive detection of several trace elements can be achieved
at the ~ ppm level and lower. The isotopic composition is usually reproduced with 1% accuracy, implying good performance of
the instrument for quantitative analysis of the isotopic fractionation effects caused by natural processes. Using the IR laser,
significant elemental fractionation effects were observed for light elements and elements with a high ionization potential.
Several diatomic clusters of major and minor elements could also be measured, and sometimes these interfere with the detection
of trace elements at the same nominal mass. The potential of the mass analyser for application to sensitive detection of elements
and their isotopes in realistic samples is exemplified by measurements of minerals. The high resolution and large dynamic
range of the spectra makes detection limits of ~100 ppb possible. 相似文献
4.
5.
W. Husinsky P. Wurz A. Traunfellner G. Betz 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1991,341(1-2):12-16
Summary The emission of secondary dimers and trimers under 8 keV Ar+ ion bombardment has been investigated under the aspects of its relevance for quantitative SNMS analysis and its implication for the basic understanding of the sputtering process. The measurements have been performed with a newly developed Laser-Multiphoton-Ionization-TOF-SNMS apparatus. The problematic of saturation and fragmentation of multimers in Laser-SNMS is addressed and compared for different ionization techniques. Cu and Cr metal as well as a CuAgAu alloy with known element concentrations have been investigated using 308 and 193 nm laser radiation for post-ionization. The data imply, that for these materials and primary ion energies dimer/atoms ratios of 10–30% are characteristic. These numbers also imply, that neglecting cluster-contributions can lead to substantial errors in quantitative analysis. 相似文献
6.
E. Kleinpeter J. Hartmann W. Schroth O. Hofer H. Kalchhauser G. Wurz 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1992,123(8-9):823-836
Summary The N,N-ditosyl-diaza[2.2]orthometacyclophanes5a, b were synthesized from N,N-ditosyl-metaphenylenediamine by reaction with (Z)-1,4-dichlorobutene and 1,2-bis-bromomethylbenzene, respectively. Low temperature NMR studies showed that the compound5b exists as a 1:1 mixture of chair and boat form of the strained (E,Z)-diazanonadiene ring. At room temperature all corresponding resonances are averaged on the NMR time scale (including all four ethylene bridge protons). Going to lower temperatures, in a first step the methylene bridge inversion is frozen (giving twoexo H and twoendo H, G
ca. 52kJmol–1). In a second step the chair and boat form can be observed separately (G
ca. 43.5 kJ mol–1 for the chair/boat flip). The assignments were confirmed by 2D NMR experiments.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. E. L. Eliel on the occasion of his 70th anniversary 相似文献
7.
A facile and highly efficient method for the preparation of α‐nitro‐α‐diazocarbonyl derivatives by a diazo‐transfer reaction involving (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl azide has been developed. These substrates undergo a rhodium‐catalyzed cyclopropanation reaction with a variety of alkenes. A systematic study of the reaction indicated that the diastereoselectivity of the cyclopropanation could be effectively controlled through the modification of the steric bulk of the diazo reagent. A novel O? H insertion reaction of the metal? carbene complex derived from the α‐nitro‐α‐diazocarbonyl reagent afforded the corresponding novel α‐nitro‐α‐alkoxy carbonyl derivatives. 相似文献
8.
9.
T. Grave H. Wurz W. Schneider K. Hübner 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1978,15(4):433-438
This paper shows that many features of the photon-drag voltage generated by illumination ofp-germanium with 10.6 μm radiation can be understood on the basis of a parabolic but anisotropic band-structure model. The
group velocities of the heavy and light holes participating in the optical transitions are obtained by an analysis of the
conservation laws. Since the nonequilibrium hole densities in both bands depend directly on the momentum relaxation times
in the determinant equations of continuity, these times are the parameters with the strongest influence on the numerical results.
The photon-drag voltage consists of components longitudinal and transverse with respect to the axis of illumination. For the
longitudinal components, good agreement between our theoretical results and experimental data from the literature is achieved
if the crystal is illuminated along a [100] or [111] direction. Though a transition probability independent of light polarisation
has been assumed, the transverse effect (illumination along [111]) can be computed for special measuring conditions. The calculated
effects of anisotropy are higher than known from experiments possibly due to the approximations used for the valence bands
and the transition probability.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
10.