Determination of trace-level haloacetic acids in drinking water by ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

A new method for the determination of nine haloacetic acids (HAAs) with ion chromatography (IC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed. With the very hydrophilic anion-exchange column and steep gradient of sodium hydroxide, the nine HAAs could be well separated in 15 min. After suppression with an ASRS suppressor that was introduced in between IC and ICP-MS, the background was much decreased, the interference caused by sodium ion present in eluent was removed, and the sensitivities of HAAs were greatly improved. The chlorinated and brominated HAAs could be detected as 35ClO and 79Br without interference of the matrix due to the elemental selective ICP-MS. The detection limits for mono-, di-, trichloroacetic acids were between 15.6 and 23.6 microg/l. For the other six bromine-containing HAAs, the detection limits were between 0.34 and 0.99 microg/l. With the pretreatment of OnGuard Ag cartridge to remove high concentration of chloride in sample, the developed method could be applied to the determination of HAAs in many drinking water matrices.     

常见饮料中痕量铝的分光光度法研究

新试剂5-溴水杨基荧光酮可在pH5.5～6.8的六次甲基四胺缓冲溶液中,与铝,溴化十六烷基吡啶形成稳定的红色三元配合物。最大吸收波长约为568nm,摩尔吸光系数高达1.7×10~5L mol~(-1)·cm~1,常见金属离子很少干扰。据此,建立了测定微量铝的方法。其线性范围为0～6μg/25ml回收率在96％～103％之间。本文测定了常见饮茶,饮料及饮水中的微量铝。     

5-溴水杨基萤光酮-非离子表面活性剂高灵敏度分光光度法测定微量钛

本文研究了在非离子表面活性剂Tween-20存在下,钛与5-溴水杨基萤光酮形成配合物的高灵敏度显色反应。配合物的摩尔吸光系数为2.23×10~5l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),线性范围为0—4.0μg/25ml.该体系选择性好,方法稳定、快速,已用于水相直接光度测定钢铁、铝合金和纯铝中的微量和痕量钛,结果满意。     

离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用法测定水中痕量BrO-3及Br-

建立了离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术(IC-ICP-MS)用于饮用水中的痕量BrO-3及Br-的测量.使用DIONEX Carbopac PA-100(4 mm×250 mm i.d.)在流速1 mL/min及5 mmol/L NH4NO3(pH 5.7)淋洗液下进行BrO-3和Br-的分离.该方法以100 μL进样量对BrO-3的检出限为0.0027 μmol/L(0.22 μg/L);对Br-的检出限为0.0067 μmol/L (0.54 μg/L).对水样的分析结果表明,所测矿泉水中的BrO-3浓度大大超出了世界卫生组织最新<饮用水水质准则>中所规定的溴酸盐的指导值,而所测量的青岛崂山区生活用水则未检出BrO-3.     

阵列探测器的像点亚像素定位精度

本文研究阵列探测器的像点亚像素定位精度与内插算法及像斑大小的关系，文中提出一种校正算法误差、提高定位精度的方法。上述分析和论述通过实验证明是正确的。     

影响高功率脉冲氙灯寿命的因素

以美国NOVA和国家点火装置用的高功率脉冲氙灯为例,结合对神光Ⅲ装置用脉冲氙灯的分析,发现了影响脉冲氙灯失效的几个因素,包括石英灯管应力、氙灯尺寸、灯管微缺陷、电极溅射、灯头绝缘、氙气纯度、封接可靠性及周围氙灯放电。结果发现:在进灯能量相同的情况下,氙灯电极弧长越长,内径越大,寿命越高;石英灯管表面的静态拉应力、内表面的微缺陷以及周围氙灯的电离辐射使得氙灯的额外负载能量大大增加,这些是导致氙灯爆炸概率变大的直接因素。     

Minor and Trace Element Analysis in Breast Milk Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

 Thirty-two breast milk samples provided voluntarily by healthy women living in the Dongting Lake area were investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP/MS). Eleven minor and trace elements (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Se and Pb) were quantified and compared with literature reports. The results provide useful data for further studies in the nutritional field. Author for correspondence. E-mail: zhengmh@mail. rcees.ac.cn Received September 4, 2002; accepted February 11, 2003 Published online May 15, 2003     

Precise synthesis of heterogeneous glycopolymers with well-defined saccharide motifs in the side chain via post-polymerization modification and recognition with lectin

Heterogeneous glycopolymers with different sugar units in the side chain have been receiving considerable attention due to their potential properties in enhancing molecular recognition abilities toward a specific receptor, yet there are limited synthetic approaches to introduce different sugar motifs into the glycopolymer backbone. Herein, a series of heterogeneous glycopolymers consisting of different sugar units in the side chains were synthesized by post-polymerization modification of activated PFPA ester precursor polymers. The functionalized amines bearing two different sugar motifs have been synthesized by gradient CuAAC reaction, which could serve as a platform for achieving heterogeneous sugar units with functional control in concise steps. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurements of the obtained glycopolymers with Concanavalin A indicated that the heterogeneous glycopolymers, poly(Man-βGlu-OH) and poly(Man-βGa-OH) bearing α-D-mannose and other non-binding β-Glucose or β-Galatose units, show higher affinities toward Concanavalin A in comparison to monoglycopolymer poly(Man-Alkyne-OH) in which the non-binding sugar motifs was substituted with non-sugar unit due to synergistic effects of non-binding sugar units. Moreover, this work allows for precise fabrication of a broad variety of glycopolymers in which it significantly broadens the library of accessible polymer structures, either homogeneous or heterogeneous glycopolymers.     

力学量算符的本征函数的计算

给出一种利用升或降算符力学量算符本征函数一般表达形式的方法，这种方法比其它方法简单得多。     

B修饰的ZrO2及其制备p H值对PtSn/B-ZrO2丙烷脱氢反应性能的影响（英文）

丙烯作为一种重要的石油化工基础原料,传统上是从石脑油蒸汽裂解或催化裂化过程中作为副产物生产的.随着原油的枯竭和页岩气开发技术的成熟,通过乙烷蒸汽裂解制备乙烯更具吸引力并已得到广泛的工业应用,但该路线乙烯选择性高,而副产物丙烯数量有限.为满足不断增加的丙烯需求量,利用油田气和页岩气中低附加值的丙烷为原料,将其直接脱氢制丙烯(PDH)具有重要的现实意义.目前已开发成功的PDH技术采用的催化剂主要为负载PtSn型催化剂和Cr基催化剂.其中,Pt基催化剂较Cr基催化剂更加环境友好,因此得到了更广泛的应用.由于Pt元素的昂贵和稀有,制备低Pt含量和良好性能的催化剂极具吸引力.UOP Oleflex工艺开发的最新一代催化剂DEH-16仅含有0.3 wt%Pt,相对于前一代催化剂Pt含量降低30%.然而,许多文献报道,随着Pt含量的降低,催化剂的稳定性很容易恶化,降低Pt含量并保持催化剂性能仍具有一定的挑战.研究表明,含有更多Lewis酸性位点和更少Bronsted酸位点的催化剂显示出较好的丙烷脱氢活性和丙烯选择性.此外,源自缺陷位或配位不饱和位的Lewis酸性位也可为负载的金属颗粒提供锚定位点.BASF对ZrO2作为载体的丙烷脱氢催化剂进行了广泛研究,但其催化剂尚未完全商业化.有文献报道,ZrO2负载的PtSn催化剂在脱氢反应中的稳定性较差.将元素硼(B)加入到ZrO2中可以极大地抑制Bronsted酸性而提高Lewis酸量和酸强度,因此我们推测含有适量配位不饱和Zr位点的ZrO2作为PtSn丙烷脱氢催化剂载体可能具有优异的性能.载体的合成pH值对催化剂PDH性能也会有影响.然而,目前还没有硼改性的ZrO2(B-ZrO2)合成pH值对PDH催化性能影响的研究.本文研究了B-ZrO2的合成pH值(9,10和11)对PtSn/B-ZrO2在丙烷脱氢反应中催化性能的影响.Py-IR结果表明各pH值下合成的B-ZrO2均只有Lewis酸,NH3-TPD结果则表明B-ZrO2的Lewis酸量和强度随合成pH值的增加而增加.XPS结果显示,载体对Pt和Sn电子性质的影响不容忽视.由于OSC与CO氧化活性之间没有线性关系,因此Pt和Sn之间的相互作用程度在CO氧化反应中可能起主要作用,并有如下递增趋势:PtSn/B-ZrO2-9相似文献