硼化合物的研究XX:乙醇胺合三(2-呋喃基)硼烷的合成及其转化

2-呋喃基锂与(N,N-二乙胺基)二氯硼烷的反应是以三烃基化的方式发生,因而可用于制取三(2-呋喃基)硼烷,并可以得到乙醇胺配合物1的稳定形式。乙醇胺合三(2-呋喃基)硼烷(1)可在稀酸中游离出三(2-呋喃基)硼烷,可与吡啶形成吡啶合三(2-呋喃基)硼烷2;化台物1中的呋喃环被8-羟基喹啉或8-羟基喹哪啶裂开以后,分别形成含 B-N 内配键的二呋喃基硼螯合物3及4。化合物1～4均经元素分析及有关波谱鉴定。     

A simple and efficient method for potential point-of-care diagnosis of human papillomavirus genotypes: combination of isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow dipstick and reverse dot blot

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in the world’s woman population with a high incidence in developing countries where diagnostic conditions for the cancer are poor. The main culprit causing the cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is divided into three major groups, i.e., high-risk (HR) group, probable high-risk (pHR) group, and low-risk (LR) group according to their potential of causing cervical cancer. Therefore, developing a sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic method for the virus genotypes in developing countries even worldwide is of high importance for the cancer prevention and control strategies. Here we present a combined method of isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), lateral flow dipstick (LFD), and reverse dot blot (RDB), in quick point-of-care identification of HPV genotypes. The combined method is highly specific to HPV when the conserved L1 genes are used as targeted genes for amplification. The method can be used in identification of HPV genotypes at point-of-care within 1 h with a sensitivity of low to 100 fg of the virus genomic DNA. We have demonstrated that it is an excellent diagnostic point-of-care assay in monitoring the disease without time-consuming and expensive procedures and devices.

     

ZIF-67/石墨烯复合物衍生的氮掺杂碳限域Co纳米颗粒用于高效电催化氧还原

燃料电池阴极氧还原(ORR)催化剂目前主要以商业Pt/C为主, 其高成本和稀缺性极大地限制了燃料电池的广泛应用. 为了替代Pt/C催化剂, 廉价高效的非贵金属催化剂目前受到了广泛的研究和关注. 利用氧化石墨烯(GO)为诱导模板, 借助表面丰富的含氧官能团, 实现了Co基金属有机框架材料(MOF) (ZIF-67)在GO表面的原位生长, 构筑了ZIF-67/GO层状复合材料. 热解过程中, 石墨烯的存在有效抑制了Co纳米颗粒的团聚, 并且很好地维持了原始的层状结构. 最终获得的Co@N-C/rGO复合催化剂材料实现了活性位的高度分散, 并且具有丰富的孔结构和优异的导电性能. 在电化学性能测试中Co@N-C/rGO表现出优异的ORR性能, 其起始电位为0.96 V, 半波电位0.83 V, 远优于ZIF-67直接热解得到的Co@N-C材料, 且性能与商业Pt/C催化剂相当. 此外, Co@N-C/rGO复合催化剂还表现出良好的催化稳定性和甲醇耐受性, 显示出该材料作为燃料电池氧还原催化剂的重要潜力.     

Facile Synthesis of Sub-Nanometric Copper Clusters by Double Confinement Enables Selective Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methane

Previous density-functional theory (DFT) calculations show that sub-nanometric Cu clusters (i.e., 13 atoms) favorably generate CH₄ from the CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR), but experimental evidence is lacking. Herein, a facile impregnation-calcination route towards Cu clusters, having a diameter of about 1.0 nm with about 10 atoms, was developed by double confinement of carbon defects and micropores. These Cu clusters enable high selectivity for the CO₂RR with a maximum Faraday efficiency of 81.7 % for CH₄. Calculations and experimental results show that the Cu clusters enhance the adsorption of *H and *CO intermediates, thus promoting generation of CH₄ rather than H₂ and CO. The strong interactions between the Cu clusters and defective carbon optimize the electronic structure of the Cu clusters for selectivity and stability towards generation of CH₄. Provided here is the first experimental evidence that sub-nanometric Cu clusters facilitate the production of CH₄ from the CO₂RR.     

氨基酸及杂环胺酰乙基锗倍半氧化物合成及对癌细胞的作用

β-羧乙基锗倍半氧化物(即Gc-132)是具广谱药理活性的水溶性有机锗化合物,但因其在体内代谢速度太快而影响药物利用度。因此,对它的各种衍生物的合成和生物活性研究受到重视。为提高Ge-132的亲脂性,增强药物活性,我们在分子中引入具有生物活性的氨基酸或杂环胺,合成了8种新型酰胺衍生物。合成路线如下:     

侧面预电离氟化氪激光器研制

采用侧面紫外火花隙自动预电离代替小极上小孔预电离，使放电泵浦氟化氪激光器的主放电均匀性大为改善。输出激光能量由１４０ｍＪ提高到２５０ｍＪ，增益区光能密度为２．３Ｊ／１，同时电极寿命和气体寿命也大为提高。     

Porous ZnCo2O4 nanowires synthesis via sacrificial templates: high-performance anode materials of Li-ion batteries

A simple microemulsion-based method has been developed to synthesize ZnCo(2)(C(2)O(4))(3) nanowires that can be transformed to porous ZnCo(2)O(4) nanowires under annealing conditions. The morphology of porous ZnCo(2)O(4) nanowires can be tuned by the initial ZnCo(2)(C(2)O(4))(3) nanowires and the annealing temperatures. The as-synthesized porous ZnCo(2)O(4) nanowires have been applied as anode materials of Li-ion batteries, which show superior capacity and cycling performance. The porous one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures and large surface area are responsible for the superior performance. Moreover, it is indicated that porous ZnCo(2)O(4) nanowires synthesized at low annealing temperature (500 °C) show larger capacity and better cycling performance than that prepared at high annealing temperature (700 °C), because of their higher porosity and larger surface area.     

Large-scale synthesis of water-soluble nanowires as versatile templates for nanotubes

This study presents a large-scale synthesis of water-soluble sodium fluosilicate (Na(2)SiF(6)) nanowires, which serve as a versatile template for producing nanotubes.     

Large-scale synthesis of ultrathin hexagonal tin disulfide nanosheets with highly reversible lithium storage

Ultrathin hexagonal SnS(2) nanosheets are synthesized via a simple hydrothermal reaction. The nanosheets have been applied as an anode for lithium-ion battery, which shows highly reversible capacity and good cycling stability with excellent capacity retention of 96% after 50 cycles.     

等离子体电极电光开关大面积辉光放电的产生及其特性

 在电光开关的晶体两侧，用辉光放电产生的高电导率透明等离子体作为施加开关脉冲电压的电极，可大大增加开关的通光口径。利用设计建造的一个80mm×80mm口径的等离子体电极电光开关，研究了用于电光开关中的大面积辉光放电的产生方法及放电特性。描述了等离子体电极普克尔盒的结构、放电室和电极的几何尺寸、放电电路及其参数，实验观测了预电离和工作气压对放电的影响。