This paper introduces a method for the identification of the position and the depth of a transverse crack in a rotor system, by using vibration measurements. As it is reported in literature and from field experience, a transverse crack modifies the dynamic behaviour of the rotor, generating in a horizontal axis shaft periodical vibrations with 1x, 2x and 3x rev. components. A model-based diagnostic approach and a least-squares identification method in the frequency domain are used for the crack localisation along the rotor. The crack depth is calculated by comparing the static bending moment, due to the rotor weight and to the bearing alignment conditions, to the identified 'equivalent' periodical bending moment, which simulates the crack. Finally, the validation of the proposed method is carried out statically and dynamically by means of experimental results obtained on a test-rig. 相似文献
Summary This paper deals with the various phases into which researches on vibromachines have been articulated over last years in many countries.A synthesis is then given of the theoretical researches carried on at the Institute of Mechanics of Machines of Polytechnic of Milan, setting forth the results obtained and analysing the approaches to the problems of different technical and scientific studies.A comparison is made between a vast series of experimental and theoretical results obtained by the same authors.
Sommario Questo lavoro tratta delle diverse fasi nelle quali si è articolata la ricerca sulle macchine a vibrazione negli ultimi anni in molti paesi.È poi riportata una sintesi delle ricerche teoriche svolte all'Istituto di Meccanica delle Macchine del Politecnico di Milano presentando i risultati ottenuti e analizzando le impostazioni dei problemi di differenti studi tecnici e scientifici.È svolto un confronto tra una vasta serie di risultati sperimentali e teorici ottenuti dagli autori.
Research supported by C.N.R. (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche). 相似文献
N-palmitoylation has been reported in a number of proteins and suggested to play an important role in protein localization and functions. However, it remains unclear whether N-palmitoylation is a direct enzyme-catalyzed process, or results from intramolecular S- to N-palmitoyl transfer. Here, using the S-palmitoyl peptide standard, GCpalmLGNAK, as the model system, we observed palmitoyl migration from the cysteine residue to either the peptide N-terminus or the lysine side chain during incubation in both neutral and slightly basic buffers commonly used in proteomic sample preparation. Palmitoyl transfer can take place either intra- or inter-molecularly, with the peptide N-terminus being the preferred migration site, presumably because of its lower basicity. The extent of intramolecular palmitoyl migration was low in the system studied, as it required the formation of an entropically unfavored macrocycle intermediate. Intermolecular palmitoyl transfer, however, remained a tangible problem, and may lead to erroneous reporting of in vivo N-palmitoylation. It was found that addition of the MS-compatible detergent RapiGest could significantly inhibit intermolecular palmitoyl transfer, as well as thioester hydrolysis and DTT-induced thioester cleavage. Finally, palmitoyl transfer from the cysteine residue to the peptide N-terminus can also occur in the gas phase, during collision-induced dissociation, and result in false identification of N-palmitoylation. Therefore, one must be careful with both sample preparation and interpretation of tandem mass spectra in the study of N-palmitoylation.
