锐钛矿二氧化钛超细纳米晶的三声子互作用

本文通过对粒径为2.2-25.5nm的锐钛矿二氧化钛超细纳米晶在83-293 K温度范围内的变温拉曼光谱的研究,得到了三声子互作用对拉曼频率和线宽的贡献随粒径的变化关系。结果表明锐钛矿二氧化钛超细纳米晶的三声子相互作用随粒径减小而加强。     

Magnetic and Crystalline Microstructures of Fe-Pt-B Nanocomposite Ribbons

We investigate magnetic and crystalline microstructures of melt-spun (Fe0.675Pt0.325)100-xBx (x=12, 14, 16, 18,20) nanocomposite ribbons after optimal thermal treatment using a magnetic force microscope. The magnetic microstructures are characterized by darker spots adjacent to brighter ones in a sub-micro scale and in random distribution. It is found that the strength of the exchange coupling interaction between the crystals in the 10-100 nm scale, implied by the maximum value (δM)max of the Henkel plot, could be roughly described by the ratio of the average width of the magnetic spots w^- to the average crystal size D^- for the ribbons. Moreover, we find that the intrinsic coercivity jHc of the ribbons is sensitive to their crystal sizes, and the smaller D^-, the higher jHc. Finally, by using roughness analysis, the curve of the root mean square values (δФ)rms of the phase shift of the magnetic force images versus the boron content x is obtained, which is qualitatively consistent with that of the magnetization σ12 kOe of the ribbons versus x.     

管式电极流体动力伏安法研究——Ⅳ.双管电极溶出-收集伏安法测定天然水中痕量铋

Johnson和Allen提出了一种称为收集的阳极溶出伏安法技术。首先将痕量金属离子电积在旋转环-盘系统中的盘电极上,再利用线性电位扫描使其溶出。溶出的金属离子在恒电位下以恒定的比例被收集在环电极上。由于在环电极上没有充电电流存在,因而得到的基线平坦,提高了信噪比,从而提高了分析的灵敏度。随后,Laser和Ariel,Schieffer和Blaedel等也进行过研究,并测定了铜、铅、锌和镉等痕量金属离子。     

示差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量铋

采用自行研制的管式玻碳电极并以同位镀汞的示差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量(?)。在盐酸介质中,铋离子浓度在2×10~(-9)—1×10~(-7)g/mL范围内与溶出峰电流呈良好的线性关系。实验结果与预期一致,应用于环境水样分析,结果令人满意。     

1,1,1-三[3-（2-苯并咪唑基）-2-氧杂丙基]丙烷镍配合物合成以及结构测定

合成了一个新的三脚架结构配体及其镍配合物的晶体。该晶体属单斜晶系， P2_l/n空间群，a = 1.2151(4) nm, b = 1.5535(5) nm, c = 2.1740(7) nm, β = 90.551(18)°, V = 4.103(2) nm~3, Z = 4, M_r = 834.03, R = 0.0556, wR = 0.1256, μ = 0.541 mm~(-1), F(000) = 1758。配合物中Ni与配体的三个N和 三个O构成六配位变形八面体结构。晶体中存在着分子间氢键，晶体结构依靠库仑 力和氢键作用而稳定。     

烟酸铬(Ⅲ)的配位结构与生物活性关系

合成了2种新型吡啶-3-羧酸(烟酸)铬(Ⅲ)螯合物,通过元素分析、热分析、红外光谱和电子光谱证明烟酸作为双齿配位体,形成具有3个六员环的螯合物Cr(Nic)3和具有2个六员环与2个H2O单体的混型配合物[Cr(Nic)2(H2O)2]Cl。通过使用效能等试验表明,在猪饲料中添加不同配位结构的烟酸铬均有明显提高饲料利用率、促进生长和显著提高机体对葡萄糖的清除率等作用。试验还表明,双齿配位的烟酸铬具有较高的生物活性、无毒、饲用后在肌体内无残留,作为饲料添加剂具有广阔的应用前景。     

Investigations of ionization-induced injection of laser wake field acceleration using phenomenological model

We develop a phenomenological model to investigate dynamics of ionization-induced injection. In the ＂bubble＂ regime of laser wakefield acceleration （LWFA）, it is found that there is an upper limit for laser intensity of ionization-induced injection. In the plane perpendicular to the laser polarization, when the laser pulse is linearly polarized, ionization-induced injected electrons exhibit a filamented structure and semi-coherent betatron oscillation.     

A 2D Wavy Parquet Architecture Based on the Biphenyl-3,3’,4,4’-tetracarboxylic Acid and Bis(2-benzimidazole)alkanes Ligands

A double-T-shaped ligand (H4BPTC) and bis(2-benzimidazole)alkanes as the spacers have been firstly used to direct the assembly of a 2D coordination polymer with wavy parquet network topology, [Zn(BPTC)0.5(H2C2EIm)(H2O)]n (1, C24H18ZnN4O5, Mr = 507.79, H4BPTC = biphenyl-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic acid, H2C2EIm = 2,2'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis(1H-benzi- midazole), which was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 1.1844(5), b = 1.4019(5), c = 1.4026(5) nm, β = 108.359(5)°, V = 2.2104(15) nm3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.526 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 1.156 mm-1, F(000) = 1040, S = 1.038, the final R = 0.0427 and wR = 0.0793 for 3834 reflections with I > 2σ(I). The compound units are linked through BPTC ligands into a wavilness parquet 2D layer and further connected into a 3D framework via π-π packing interactions between the adjacent H2C2EIm ligands and weak N-H…O hydrogen bonding between uncoordinated carboxylate and the nitrogen atoms of H2C2EIm as well as the free water molecules.     

可控表面磷原子修饰提升超细W2C纳米颗粒电解水析氢反应性能

研究高活性和稳定性的非贵金属基析氢催化剂对解决当前能源危机和环境污染问题具有重要意义.碳化钨具有与贵金属Pt类似的d带电子结构,因而成为一类新兴的非贵金属析氢催化剂,受到广泛关注.磷掺杂是提高催化剂析氢活性的有效方法之一,然而目前最常见的构筑磷掺杂方法是使用多金属氧酸盐(POMs,如H3PW12O40),其固定的W/P原子比导致W2C中的掺杂浓度难以调控,并且磷掺杂主要是进入碳载体而不是碳化物本身,从而导致无法明确杂原子对其电催化析氢活性的贡献.本文采用植酸(PA)为磷源设计合成了可控磷掺杂W2C纳米颗粒,并探讨了催化剂组分、杂原子掺杂位置与析氢性能之间的关系.深入研究了磷掺杂碳化钨(WCP)的化学结构和析氢活性.与原始的W2C催化剂相比,WCP具有更高的本征活性、更快的电子转移速率和更多的活性位数量,并且在酸性和碱性条件下均表现出较好的析氢性能.特别是过电位为-200 mV时,WCP催化剂的本征活性在酸性和碱性条件下分别为0.07和0.56 H2 s-1,高出纯W2C(0.01和0.05 H2 S-1)数倍.同时,在电流密度为-10 mA cm-2时,优化后的WCP催化剂在酸性和碱性条件下的析氢过电位分别降低了96和88 mV.XPS及EDS元素分析结果表明,随磷源添加量增加,磷掺杂从碳化钨表面逐渐向内部扩散,进一步说明磷取代位置与析氢活性之间的构效关系,高浓度的表面磷取代可以加速质子捕获过程,从而显著提高其析氢活性,而过量的内部磷取代会破坏W2C结构,降低电子转移速率,从而导致析氢性能下降.利用密度泛函理论计算深入研究了WCP具有较好析氢性能的原因,与内部磷取代相比,表面磷取代会使碳化钨表现出更合适的氢吸附自由能,并且更加有效地降低了氢释放势垒,从而优化了析氢反应动力学.综上,本文为元素掺杂工艺提供了新的思路,同时研究了表面异质原子对析氢活性的关键作用,为该类催化材料的构效关系研究提供了新思路.     

一种萘并吡喃化合物的合成及其工艺研究

本文以4,4'-二甲氧基二苯甲酮、苯乙酮和呋喃甲醛为原料,采用新的路线,6步反应合成了一种新型萘并吡喃类化合物,借助核磁共振、质谱等检测手段对最终产物的结构进行了结构表征,并对其反应条件进行优化,提高了反应收率,最后应用紫外-可见吸收光谱对目标产物在不同溶剂中的光致变色性质进行了初步探索研究。