ON ANALYSIS OF SPHYGMOGRAM

In this paper, under the linear assumption, the analytical expressions describing thepressure sphygmogram of the radial artery are obtained in regard to the effect of the bloodviscosity. Then the variations of the pulse wave form with some physiological parameterssuch as arterial elasticity, blood viscosity and resistance are discussed in detail too. Weobserved that venous injection of demethyladrenalin made a dog's vessels contract and in-crease in resistance while that of parasitic loranthus made the vessels relax and decrease inresistance, and variations of the pressure sphygmogram of the dog's radial artery conformedto theoretical results. Besides, taking the pressure sphygmogram of radial artery correspond-ing to smooth, normal and wiry pulses of the pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicineas examples, we discussed the effect of related physiological parameters on these sphygmo-gram, which also conformed to the classical statement of the wiry, normal and smooth pulsesin traditional Chinese medicine.     

关于脉图的分析

本文研究了在线性化条件下,计及血液粘度求得描述桡动脉处压力脉搏波波图的分析表达式。在此基础上,讨论了脉搏波波图随某些生理学参数(血管弹性、血液粘度、外周阻力、心脏功能等)的变化规律。文中通过在活狗身上静脉注射去甲肾上腺素使血管收缩、阻力增大与注射桑寄生使血管扩张、阻力减小,观察到其桡动脉的压力脉搏波波形的变化情况与理论分析的结果一致。最后,以中医脉象中的弦脉、平脉、滑脉所对应的脉图为例,讨论了脉图所对应的生理学含义,其结果与中医弦、滑脉的临床论述一致。     

人体体动脉脉搏波和输入阻抗的计算机模拟

本文通过对具有连续出流的分支、锥削管的一维非线性瞬态流分析,研究了人体体动脉中压力和流量脉搏波的传输和血管输入阻抗的变化规律.通过耦合支配着动脉中脉搏波传播的连续性方程和运动方程,文章导得了一组可以用特征线法求解的拟线性双曲型偏微分方程组.同时,对血管系统中常见的几种边界条件进行了适当的处理.文章利用血管几何参数和物理参数的生理实验数据,对血管系统的脉搏波传播和输入阻抗进行了计算机模拟.结果表明,从本文提出的分析模型得到的压力和流量波形以及输入阻抗与有关文献公布的实验结果吻合得相当好.     

动脉中血液脉动流的一种分析方法

动脉中的血液流动被分解为平衡状态(相当于平均压定常流状态)和叠加在平衡状态上的周期脉动流,利用Fung的血管应变能密度函数分析血管壁在平衡状态下的应力-应变关系,确定相对于平衡状态血管作微小变形所对应的周向弹性模量和轴向弹性模量,并建立在脉动压力作用下相应的管壁运动方程,与线性化Navier-Stokes方程联立,求得血液流动速度和血管壁位移的分析表达式,详细讨论血管壁周向和轴向弹性性质差异对脉博波、血液脉动流特性以及血管壁运动的影响.     

动脉狭窄对血液流速的影响

为了定量计算动脉局部狭窄对动脉管中血液流动速度的影响，本文分别对狭窄区域内定常流和非定常流动进行了求解，得出了狭窄区域内定常流和脉动流的速度表达式。本文将均匀段的流速形经Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ分解成定常和脉动两部分，然后分别计算出狭窄区域内对应的定常和脉动流速，经Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ合成还原成流速时域波形，同时针对各种情况将不同狭窄对不同的流速波形的作了分析比较。     

具有切应力梯度的平行平板流动腔的构造

在近年来关于流体切应力与细胞力学行为之间关系的研究中,流体切应力梯度被认为是诱发动脉粥样硬化和内膜增生的重要因素之一.本文探讨如何利用常用的离体细胞力学实验工具--平行平板流动腔模拟具有梯度的定常流切应力环境.结果表明,根据Hele-Shaw流的原理和常用复势W(Z)=AZn(n＞1)的特性,可构造出具有各种切应力梯度分布的流动腔.与其它模拟切应力梯度的方法比较,本文的方法更加简洁、可行.     

PULSATILE FLOW IN ARTERIES WITH EXTERNAL RESTRAINT OF VISCO-ELASTIC TISSUE

The presence of a longitudinal constraint must be conceived physiologically as due largely to the connective tissue attach-ments on the outside of the artery. Living tissues are visco-elastic bodies. In order to analyse the effect of external visco-elastic tissue to pulsatile flow in arteries, in this paper the external connective tissue of artery will be considered as a Voigt visco-elastic body, and the expressions of pulse wave velocity and the velocity of pulsatile flow will be found by the velocity of pulsatile flow will be found by the blood motion equations (Navier-Stokes equation) as well as wall motion equations (Lamb equation). The results of free elastic tube and those of external elastic restraint by Womersley can be considered as a particular case and can be covered in this paper.     

弯曲狭窄管内血液流的分析

与血管狭窄有关的异常血液动力学特征在血管疾病的发生和发展过程中起着重要的作用,由于血管狭窄和弯曲的综合影响,将会出现一系列有趣的流体力学现象,本文研究具有对称狭窄的弯曲小动脉内定常血液流动,在一定的假设条件下,直接从支配血液流动的Navier-Stokes方程求出问题的摄动解,由此求得弯曲狭窄管內血液流动的轴向速度、二次流速度及压力梯度等分析表达式,并进一步求得轴向和周向血管壁切应力。本文的结果是先前有关狭窄直管和弯曲均匀管流动研究的拓广。     

压力传感器频率响应的分析

为了提高瞬态压力测量的精度,必须设法提高传感器的频响特性。本文利用流体阻抗法分析了目前常用的压力传感器的固有频率表达式,并详细讨论了测压孔、传压管与终端腔室的几何尺寸对传感器固有频率的影响情况,为压力传感器的分析与设计提供了这方面的依据。     

A NUMERICAL MODEL OF LEFT VENTRICLE AND AORTIC VALVE FUNCTION OF ITS AFTERLOAD(Ⅰ)

Due to the study of the function of heart and nortic valve,we set up a physical model of left ventricle,aortic valve and afterload and derive theoretical equation of each part from the model.Then we calculate the basic equations within phystology and impair parameters.Based this,we will discuss,fully in the next paper the effect of left ventricular afterload on valve opening,ejection and valve function ,etc.