油溶性有机钼添加剂作用下微弧氧化改性TC4钛合金的摩擦学性能

借助微弧氧化技术在TC4钛合金表面构筑了高硬度氧化物薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及拉曼光谱等手段对膜层结构进行了分析,考察了二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼(MoDTC)作为聚α烯烃PAO6润滑添加剂对微弧氧化薄膜的摩擦学性能的影响. 结果表明:经过微弧氧化处理后得到的钛合金试样展现了优异的减摩抗磨性能,与未处理的TC4样品相比,在含质量分数为2% MoDTC的PAO6油润滑下,摩擦系数降低了87.4%,磨损率下降了3个数量级. 这主要是因为经微弧氧化处理后,TC4钛合金表面形成的TiO₂薄膜具有较高硬度与耐磨性,同时促进了MoDTC添加剂在边界润滑条件下的摩擦化学反应,在接触区表面生成含有MoS₂的润滑层.      

An adaptive reanalysis method for genetic algorithm with application to fast truss optimization

Although the genetic algorithm （GA） for structural optimization is very robust, it is very computationally intensive and hence slower than optimality criteria and mathematical programming methods. To speed up the design process, the authors present an adaptive reanalysis method for GA and its applications in the optimal design of trusses. This reanalysis technique is primarily derived from the Kirsch＇s combined approximations method. An iteration scheme is adopted to adaptively determine the number of basis vectors at every generation. In order to illustrate this method, three classical examples of optimal truss design are used to validate the proposed reanalysis-based design procedure. The presented numerical results demonstrate that the adaptive reanalysis technique affects very slightly the accuracy of the optimal solutions and does accelerate the design process, especially for large-scale structures.