Nano-tribological study on a super-hydrophobic film formed on rough aluminium substrates

A novel super-hydrophobic stearic acid (STA) film with a water contact angle of 166^o was prepared by chemical adsorption on aluminum wafer coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI) film. The micro-tribological behavior of the super-hydrophobic STA monolayer was compared with that of the polished and PEI-coated Al surfaces. The effect of relative humidity on the adhesion and friction was investigated as well. It was found that the STA monolayer showed decreased friction, while the adhesive force was greatly decreased by increasing the surface roughness of the Al wafer to reduce the contact area between the atomic force microscope (AFM) tip and the sample surface to be tested. Thus the friction and adhesion of the Al wafer was effectively decreased by generating the STA monolayer, which indicated that it could be feasible and rational to prepare a surface with good adhesion resistance and lubricity by properly controlling the surface morphology and the chemical composition. Both the adhesion and friction decreased as the relative humidity was lowered from 65% to 10%, though the decrease extent became insignificant for the STA monolayer. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50375151, 50323007, 10225209) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX-SW-L2)     

聚乙酰亚胺涂敷单晶硅表面上全氟亏酸单层膜

Ultra-thin film of perfluorodecanoic acid expected to be excellent lubricant for micro-machines was prepared successfully on single crystal silicon substrate.The film was characterized by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact-angle meter.The chemical reaction involved in the preparation of the ultra-thin film was discussed as well.After being immersed in a dilute aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine (PEI) for 15 minutes and rinsed with distilled water,the silicon substrate was coated with a thin film of PEI,which was then put into a dilute solution (1× 10－ 3 mol· L－ 1) of perfluorodecanoic acid in hexadecane.Subsequently the steady perfluorodecanoic acid ultra-thin film was developed on PEI coating in the presence of a covalent amide bond between carboxylic group and the primary or secondary amine groups of PEI.This process was accompanied by the contact angle changes of water droplet on the Si surface (see Table 1).Moreover,the reaction between perfluorodecanoic acid and PEI was significantly influenced by N,N′ -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD).The contact angle on the ultra-thin film of perfluorodecanoic acid is only 66.3° in the absence of DCCD in the reacting solution; it rises to 89.4° in the presence of DCCD.This indicates that the reaction between perfluorodecanoic acid and PEI was accelerated by DCCD,and the quality of perfluorodecanoic acid ultra-thin film thus improved.XPS analysis of the ultra-thin film indicates that the derivatization of PEI with perfluorodecanoic acid was accompanied by several changes.First,a large and highly symmetrical F 1s peak appeared at 688.3 eV (C－ F*).Secondly,a new peak of N 1s appeared at 400.7 eV (chemical shift 1.4 eV),which was attributed to the N atom attached to the carbonyl group (O=C－ N*).Thirdly,three new peaks of C 1s appeared at 286.1 eV (chemical shift 1.5 eV),288.1 eV (chemical shift 3.5 eV),and 291.0 eV (chemical shift 5.4 eV),respectively.These C 1s peaks were attributed to the C atom attached to the O=C－ N group (O=C－ N－ C*),the carboxyl C atom (O=C*－ N),and the C atom in － CF3 group (C*－ F),respectively.Therefore it can be concluded that perfluorodecanoic acid has been chemically adsorbed onto the surface of PEI and perfluorodecanoic acid ultra-thin film prepared successfully.     

七氟丁酸酐有序超薄膜的制备与结构

在涂敷有聚合物PEI涂层的单晶硅表面上制备了HFBA单层分子膜,接触解测量及XPS结果表明,PFBA在PEI表面产生了化学吸附发生了化学键合(酰胺键),形成了低表面能的HFBA单分子层膜,这一吸附反应的动力学行为可能表现为Langmuir单分子层化学吸附。     

N2O的催化分解研究

N2O是主要的温室气体之一,它在对流层中具有破坏臭氧的作用,因此,N2O的消除越来越引起人们的重视。N2O的直接催化分解是公认的消除N2O污染的最有前景的方法之一,具有操作简单、成本低、不需引入其他杂质、不产生二次污染等特点。本文综述了近年来在N2O催化分解领域广受关注的几类催化剂的最新研究进展,包括金属氧化物催化剂、负载型贵金属催化剂和分子筛催化剂体系,概括了这些催化剂的优点和缺点,介绍了固体催化剂表面N2O催化分解的反应动力学、分子模拟及反应机理。从工业应用角度出发综述了工业生产过程中可能对催化活性造成影响的NOx、O2、H2O和SO2等其他气体对催化剂活性、寿命和稳定性的影响。最后指出了N2O催化分解理论研究及催化剂体系存在的一些问题,并在此基础上对N2O催化分解体系的发展前景进行了展望。     

自组装单分子膜的结构及其自组装机理

综述了自组装单分子膜技术近年来取得的一些重要研究成果,重点介绍了自组装单分子膜体系的结构及其自组装机理,并提出了这一领域今后的发展方向及需要解决的重点课题.     

磁性可回收氟化石墨烯破乳材料的制备及乳液分离性能

以氟化石墨烯(FG)为原料, 首先制备了水合肼还原的具有一定亲水性的氟化石墨烯(HFG), 然后采用溶剂热法制备了可磁性分离的四氧化三铁负载的氟化石墨烯复合破乳材料(HFG-Fe₃O₄). 分别利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、 X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对HFG-Fe₃O₄的形貌、 结构和化学性质进行了表征. 最后研究了HFG-Fe₃O₄对含油废水的破乳性能, 探讨了影响其破乳性能的主要因素, 并对其破乳机理进行了分析. 结果表明: HFG-Fe₃O₄是一种表面负载有Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒的二维片状材料, 在最佳剂量为600 mg/L时对酸性和中性含油废水具有良好的破乳效果. 在酸性和中性条件下, 主要是利用HFG-Fe₃O₄与含油废水之间的静电吸引力以及HFG-Fe₃O₄与沥青质之间的π-π相互作用实现油-水分离. 但是, 在碱性条件下, HFG-Fe₃O₄与油滴之间的静电斥力将急剧增大, 最终导致破乳效率降低. 此外, 将磁性回收的HFG-Fe₃O₄循环利用4次后其乳液分离效率并没有明显下降, 表现出优异的循环稳定性.     

自组装单分子膜的摩擦学研究进展

综述自组装单分子膜的摩擦学研究与应用的主要成果,着重介绍了自组装单分子膜的结构与其摩擦学性能之间的关系,并提出了本领域的发展方向和亟待解决的难点问题。     

多孔PI/MSNT复合含油润滑薄膜的设计制备及其摩擦学性能研究

以聚苯乙烯(PS)微球为致孔剂、介孔二氧化硅纳米管(MSNT)为填充剂来改性多孔聚酰亚胺(PI),设计制备了多孔PI/MSNT复合薄膜,并对其孔结构和形貌进行了表征;在此基础上,以液体石蜡油为存储介质制备了多孔PI/MSNT复合含油润滑薄膜,系统考察了MSNT的添加对多孔PI薄膜的热稳定性、储油性能、力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响. 结果表明:与单组分PI含油薄膜相比,MSNT的加入不仅改善了多孔PI基体的热稳定性和力学性能,而且使得复合薄膜的储油性能和摩擦磨损性能均得到了显著提高,证实多孔PI/MSNT复合含油薄膜更适用于高载荷下的摩擦工况.