Banach spaces which are somewhat uniformly noncreasy

We consider a family of spaces wider than r-UNC spaces and we give some fixed point results in the setting of these spaces.     

PHOTOSENSORY BEHAVIOR OF A BACTERIORHODOPSIN-DEFICIENT MUTANT, ET-15, OF Halobacterium halobium

– Halobacterium halobium , strain ET-15, which does not contain detectable amounts of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) shows behavioral responses to UV and yellow-green light. Attractant stimuli. i.e. light-increases in the yellow-green range or light-decreases in the UV, suppress the spontaneous reversals of the swimming direction for a certain time. Repellent stimuli, i.e. light-decreases in the yellow-green range or light-increases in the UV, elicit an additional reversal response after a few seconds. Action spectra of both sensory photosystems, PS 370 and PS 565, were measured with attractant as well as with repellent stimuli. As in BR-containing cells, maximal sensitivity was always found at 370 nm for the UV-system and at 565 nm for the long-wavelength system. Fluence-response curves at 370 and 565 nm obtained with strain ET-15 and with a BR-containing strain show that the sensitivity of both photosystems is not reduced in the absence of BR. It is concluded that BR is required neither for PS 565 nor for PS 370. Instead retinal-containing pigments different from BR have to be assumed to mediate photosensory behavior.     

Electrochemical synthesis of nanostructured ZnO films utilizing self-assembly of surfactant molecules at solid-liquid interfaces

An electrochemical synthesis strategy for the production of nanostructured films was developed by combining self-assembly of surfactant-inorganic aggregates at solid-liquid interfaces and an electrodeposition process. Through this approach high quality nanostructured ZnO films were cathodically deposited from a plating solution containing 0.1 wt % of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The resulting ZnO films possess lamellar structures with two different repeat distances, d001 = 31.7 A and d001* = 27.5 A, both of which feature well-defined long range order. Due to kinetically controlled surfactant-inorganic assembly during the deposition process, the film exhibits a wide distribution of the stacking directions of the ZnO layers, which will allow facile access of the guest molecules and analytes to the interlayers. The synthetic mechanism used here can be generalized to generate nanostructured films of other semiconducting and metallic materials with architectures that cannot be assembled by other means.     

Indications for the Occurrence of Nitric Oxide Synthases in Fungi and Plants and the Involvement in Photoconidiation of Neurospora crassa*

Indications for the occurrence of nitric oxide synthases in Dictyostelium, Neurospora, Phycomyces and the leguminous plant Mucuna hassjoo as well as a physiological role of nitric oxide in Neurospora crassa are demonstrated. An exogenous nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprus-side, inhibited light-stimulated conidiation in N. crassa. Specific inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, like the arginine derivatives N^G-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) and N^G-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), enhanced conidiation in darkness and in the light, whereas the stereo-isomer D-NAME was inactive. This communication reports to our knowledge the first time the presence of enzymatic activity of nitric oxide synthase in fungi and a higher plant and an effect of nitric oxide in fungal photophysiology.     

Synthesen von Heterocyclen, 62. Mitt.: Über Reaktionen mit Betain

Zusammenfassung Beim Erhitzen von Betain mit Phenylisocyanat (12) auf 140–160° entsteht Diphenylimidazolidin-dion-(2,4) (I).

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Diphenylimidazolidine-dion-2,4 (I) was obtained by the reaction of betaine with phenylisocyanate (12) at 140–160°.

     

Neue Reagentien zum papierchromatographischen Nachweis von Aminosäuren, 3. Mitt.: Reaktionen des 1,8-Trimethylenchinisatins mit primären Aminoverbindungen

Zusammenfassung 1,8-Trimethylenchinisatin-hydrat (TMCH) reagiert mit Aminosäuren zum farblosen Bis-(2-oxo-4-hydroxy-1,8-trimethylen-1,2-dihydro-3-chinolinyl)-amin (2). Da2 bei der Dehydrierung in das Farbsalz5 übergeht, welches eine dem Ruhemann-Purpur analoge Struktur aufweist, ergeben sich neuartige Aspekte zur Deutung des Mechanismus der Ninhydrin-Reaktion.

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1.8-Trimethylenequinisatin hydrate (TMCH) reacts with amino acids yielding the colorless bis-(2-oxo-4-hydroxy-1.8-trimethylene-1.2-dihydro-3-quinolyl)-amine (2). Upon dehydrogenation of2 the dye salt5 is obtained. Because of the close relationship between5 and Ruhemann's purple a re-interpretation of the mechanism of the ninhydrin reaction could be made.

     

Spaltungen mittels Diazonium verbindungen und Chinonimidchlorid, 9. Mitt.: Über 4-Hydroxystyryl-alkylketone

Zusammenfassung Die Weiterführung der Spaltungsversuche an methylsubstituierten 4-Hydroxystyryl-alkylketonen mit Chinonimidchlorid hat gezeigt, daß auch Systeme mit ungesättigter Kohlenstoffkette, die nur einen aromatischen Ring aufweisen, mittels Kupplungsreagentien unter Eliminierung der Seitenkette reagieren.

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The cleavage reaction of methyl 4-hydroxystyryl-alkylketones with p-benzoquinone-monochloroimine shows, that also compounds with an unsaturated carbon chain and with only one aromatic ring react under elimination of the side chain.

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Herrn Prof. Dr.A. Wacek, Vorstand des Institutes für Organische Chemie und Organisch-chemische Technologie der Technischen Hochschule Graz mit freundlichen Wünschen zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Structural investigation of high-valent manganese-salen complexes by UV/Vis,Raman, XANES,and EXAFS spectroscopy

XANES and EXAFS spectroscopic studies at the Mn-K- and Br-K-edge of reaction products of (S,S)-(+)-N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminomanganese(III) chloride ([(salen)Mn(III)Cl], 1) and (S,S)-(+)-N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminomanganese(III) bromide ([(salen)Mn(III)Br], 2) with 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide (4-PPNO) and 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) are reported. The reaction of the Mn(III) complexes with two equivalents of 4-PPNO leads to a hexacoordinated compound, in which the manganese atom is octahedrally coordinated by four oxygen/nitrogen atoms of the salen ligand at an average distance of approximately 1.90 A and two additional, axially bonded oxygen atoms of the 4-PPNO at 2.25 A. The oxidation state of this complex was determined as approximately +IV by a comparative study of Mn(III) and Mn(V) reference compounds. The green intermediate obtained in reactions of MCPBA and solutions of 1 or 2 in acetonitrile was investigated with XANES, EXAFS, UV/Vis, and Raman spectroscopy, and an increase of the coordination number of the manganese atoms from 4 to 5 and the complete abstraction of the halide was observed. A formal oxidation state of IV was deduced from the relative position of the pre-edge 1s-->3d feature of the X-ray absorption spectrum of the complex. The broad UV/Vis band of this complex in acetonitrile with lambda(max)=648 nm was consistent with a radical cation structure, in which a MCPBA molecule was bound to the Mn(IV) central atom. An oxomanganese(V) or a dimeric manganese(IV) species was not detected.     

Ein Beitrag zur Mn5Si3-Struktur (D 88-Typ)

Zusammenfassung Die Parameter des D 8₈-Struktur werden mit Hilfe gut ausgebildeter Einkristalle von Ti₅Si₃ neu bestimmt. Die dazu isotype Kristallart Zr₅Al₃ wird im System: Zr–Al nachgewiesen. Im Schnitt: Ti₅Sn₃–Zr₅Sn₃ bzw. Zr₅Pb₃–Ti (5) Pb (3) tritt ein lückenloser bzw. sehr ausgedehnter Bereich von Mischkristallen mit D8₈-Typ auf.Mit 1 Abbildung