Nonlinear performances of dual-pump amplifiers in silicon waveguides

The performances of a dual-pump parametric and Raman amplification process and the wavelength conversion in silicon waveguides are investigated. By setting the Raman contribution fraction f to be 0.043 in our analytical model, the amplification gain of the probe signal can be obtained to be over 10 dB. The pump transfer noise (PTN), the quantum noise (QN), and the total noise figure (TNF) are discussed, and the TNF has a constant value of about 4 dB in the gain bandwidth. An idler signal generated during the parametric amplification (PA) process can be used to realize the wavelength conversion in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. In addition, the pump signal parameters, the generated free carrier lifetime and effective mode area (EMA) of the waveguide are analysed for the optimization of signal gain and noise characteristics.     

基于Curvelet变换和全变差的图像去噪方法

Curvelet变换用于图像去噪可以较好地保留图像的细节信息,但在边缘处会产生"划痕"现象.采用全变差法进行去噪能保持边缘形状不变,但也会丢失图像的纹理等细节信息.为了充分利用两种方法的优点,将Curvelet变换和全变差相结合提出了一种有效的图像去噪方法.首先,对含噪图像分别进行Curvelet阈值去噪和全变差去噪.然后,将两幅去噪图像进行Curvelet融合,对于低频系数和高频系数分别采用加权平均和绝对值取大的融合算法.最后,将融合后的低频系数和各尺度高频系数进行Curvelet反变换得到融合后的去噪图像.实验表明,该方法能有效地降低图像噪声,又尽可能地保留图像的细节,其去噪效果明显优于单一Curvelet阈值法和全变差法.     

Refocusing and locating effect of fluorescence scattering field

Optical imaging deep inside scattering medium has always been one of the challenges in the field of bioimaging, which significantly drawbacks the employment of con-focal microscopy system. Although a variety of feedback techniques, such as acoustic or nonlinear fluorescence-based schemes have realized the refocusing of the coherent light, the problems of non-invasively refocusing and locating of linearly-excited fluorescent beads inside the scattering medium have not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, we linearly excited the fluorescent beads inside a scattering medium by using our homemade optical con-focal system, collected the fluorescence scattering light as the optimized target, and established a theoretical model of target contrast enhancement, which is consistent with the experimental data. By improving both the cost function and variation rate within the genetic algorithm, we could refocus the fluorescence scattering field while improving the contrast enhancement factor to 12.8 dB. Then, the positions of the fluorescent beads are reconstructed by sub-pixel accuracy centroid localization algorithm, and the corresponding error is no more than 4.2 μ with several fluorescent beads within the field of view. Finally, the main factors such as the number of fluorescent beads, the thickness of the scattering medium, the modulating parameter, the experimental noise and the system long-term stability are analyzed and discussed in detail. This study proves the feasibility of reconstructing fluorescent labeled cells inside biological tissues, which provides certain reference value for deep imaging of biological tissues.     

MgO含量与颗粒度对Si3 N4-Y2 O3-MgO陶瓷液相烧结行为及力学性能的影响

本文基于Si3 N4-Y2 O3-MgO液相烧结体系,系统研究了MgO含量和颗粒度对材料致密度、物相组成、显微结构以及力学性能的影响效果与作用机制.结果显示,MgO含量的增加,会使得液相组分增多,进而提高材料的致密度,同时促进β-Si3 N4晶粒的粗化生长;当液相含量相同但MgO颗粒度增大时,材料致密度和β-Si3 N4晶粒长径比会同时出现降低趋势.这表明,液相组分MgO的颗粒度会直接影响液相的形成与分布,进而对润湿、颗粒重排及传质过程产生作用.当MgO含量与颗粒度分别为4;和0.1μm时,材料相对密度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度获得最佳值,分别为99.5;±0.2;,(6.9±0.6)MPa·m1/2,(18.7±0.1)GPa.     

Analytical model of signal amplification in silicon waveguides

In this paper, an analytical model to investigate the parametric amplification (PA) and the PA + stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in silicon waveguides is put forward. When two pump signals are employed, the PA bandwidth of the probe signal is so large that the Raman contribution has to be considered. When Raman contribution fraction f is set to be 0, only the PA occurs to amplify the probe signal, and when f is set to be 0.043, the PA and the SRS amplify the probe signal at the same time. The signal amplifications of both single and dual pump schemes are investigated by using this model. With this model, three main affecting factors, i.e., zero dispersion wavelength (ZDWL), third-order dispersion (TOD), and fourth-order dispersion (FOD), are discussed in detail.     

偶氮噻吩-富勒烯星状化合物的合成与性能研究

利用2—[4—(N—乙基—N—6—羟己基)氨基苯偶氮基]—3—氰基—5—甲酰基噻吩(1)和N—甲基甘氨酸产生的亚胺叶立德与富勒烯反应,合成了含富勒烯的偶氮噻吩化合物(2),2再与1,3,5-苯三甲酰氯进行取代反应生成了一类以苯为核心、偶氮噻吩为连接桥、三个富勒烯(C50)为电子受体端基的星状化合物3。制备了单层太阳能电池器件(ITO／化合物3／Al),其单色光光电转换效率(IPCE)约为2．5％。     

一种改进的WOx忆阻器模型及其突触特性分析

忆阻器被定义为第四种基本电子元器件, 其模型的研究呈现多样性. 目前, 忆阻器模型与忆阻器实际特性的切合程度引起了研究者的广泛关注. 通过改变离子扩散项, 提出了一种新的WO_x忆阻器模型, 更好地匹配了忆阻器的实际行为特性. 首先, 新的模型不仅能够描述忆阻器的一般特性, 而且能够俘获记忆丢失行为. 另外, 将新的忆阻器作为神经突触, 分析了脉冲速率依赖可塑性、短期可塑性、长期可塑性, 并发现了与生物系统中极为相似的“经验学习”现象. 最后, 考虑到温度与离子扩散系数的关系, 探讨了温度对突触权值弛豫过程的影响. 实验表明, 新忆阻器模型比原来的模型更切合实际, 且更适合作为突触而应用到神经形态系统之中.     

以细菌纤维素为前驱体简便制备氮掺杂碳纤维气凝胶作为高效氧还原催化剂

数十年来,碳气凝胶因其在催化剂载体、电容器和锂电池电极材料以及吸附剂等领域的潜在应用而备受关注.然而,传统碳气凝胶的制备往往使用昂贵且有毒的前驱体,其方法也较为复杂,不利于大规模生产及应用.本文介绍了一种以细菌纤维素为前驱体制备氮掺杂碳纤维气凝胶的方法.该方法廉价高效,简单易行且对环境无害.所制气凝胶具有密度低、孔隙度高、比表面积大以及导电性良好等优点.它继承了细菌纤维素生物质优异的三维交联多孔结构的特点,可直接用作氧还原催化剂,表现出优异的催化性能,预示着其广泛的应用前景.这在该领域的应用报道尚属首次.     

壳聚糖/硝酸铁凝胶制备铁氮掺杂多孔碳片作为高效氧还原电催化剂的研究

以壳聚糖/硝酸铁凝胶为前躯体,实现了含氮高分子与金属盐的均匀混合,将凝胶冷冻干燥处理后,经过热处理和酸刻蚀得到了成分及微结构更加均匀的铁氮掺杂多孔碳片. 铁氮掺杂多孔碳片与商业铂碳相比,具有更高的起始电位,半波电位和优秀的循环性能,在碱性燃料电池的测试中实现了更高的功率密度. 铁氮掺杂多孔碳片出色的氧还原电催化性能归因于铁在壳聚糖中的原子级分散所导致的均匀分布的铁氮碳催化活性位,大的比表面积和均匀的孔道分布.