Time of arrival of the first relativistic solar protons to the Earth

The anticoincidence system of the spectrometer onboard the INTEGRAL spacecraft (ACS SPI) is sensitive to primary and secondary γ-rays with energies higher than 150 keV and effectively responds to the arrival of solar protons and electrons. When the flux of primary γ-rays is small, ACS SPI registers the arrival of solar protons much earlier than the network of neutron monitors (NMs). For example, on December 13, 2006, ACS SPI registered the arrival of solar protons approximately 10 min earlier than the CR intensity started increasing on the Earth according to the NM data. However, when the flux of solar γ-rays is sufficiently high, ACS SPI observes the arrival of solar protons simultaneously with NMs (the event of January 20, 2005) or later (October 28, 2003). Found times of arrival of relativistic solar protons to the Earth do not contradict proton acceleration during γ-ray flares.     

Regioselective reaction of ortho-piperidinobenzaldehydes with pyrazolone

Cyclization of 2-(4-R-piperidino)benzaldehydes with 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one proceeding via tert-amino effect mechanism is stereoselective. Relative configuration of (3R*,4aS*,5R*)-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1H-benzo[c]quinolizine was established on the base of NMR spectroscopy data and X-ray analysis.     

Mechanochemical method of producing triethoxysilane

Russian Chemical Bulletin - A mechanochemical method for synthesis of triethoxysilane from silicon-copper contact mass and ethyl alcohol in the developed vibration reactor is presented. It is shown...