全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4907篇 |
免费 | 670篇 |
国内免费 | 765篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3820篇 |
晶体学 | 42篇 |
力学 | 393篇 |
综合类 | 34篇 |
数学 | 509篇 |
物理学 | 1544篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 80篇 |
2022年 | 166篇 |
2021年 | 190篇 |
2020年 | 205篇 |
2019年 | 190篇 |
2018年 | 153篇 |
2017年 | 169篇 |
2016年 | 191篇 |
2015年 | 190篇 |
2014年 | 228篇 |
2013年 | 341篇 |
2012年 | 412篇 |
2011年 | 432篇 |
2010年 | 298篇 |
2009年 | 257篇 |
2008年 | 313篇 |
2007年 | 254篇 |
2006年 | 249篇 |
2005年 | 238篇 |
2004年 | 180篇 |
2003年 | 180篇 |
2002年 | 177篇 |
2001年 | 147篇 |
2000年 | 124篇 |
1999年 | 135篇 |
1998年 | 91篇 |
1997年 | 90篇 |
1996年 | 90篇 |
1995年 | 79篇 |
1994年 | 59篇 |
1993年 | 64篇 |
1992年 | 52篇 |
1991年 | 49篇 |
1990年 | 42篇 |
1989年 | 38篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 18篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有6342条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
In this research article, we describe the synthesis and characterization of mononuclear and dinuclear Cu complexes bound by a family of tridentate redox-active ligands with tunable H-bonding donors. The mononuclear Cu-anion complexes were oxidized to the corresponding “high-valent” intermediates by oxidation of the redox-active ligand. These species were capable of oxidizing phenols with weak O−H bonds via H-atom abstraction. Thermodynamic analysis of the H-atom abstractions, which included reduction potential measurements, pKa determination and kinetic studies, revealed that modification of the anion coordinated to the Cu and changes in the H-bonding donor did not lead to major differences in the reactivity of the “high-valent” CuY complexes (Y: hydroxide, phenolate and acetate), which indicated that the tridentate ligand scaffold acts as the H+ and e− acceptor. 相似文献
4.
We proposed an electro-optic modulator with two-bus one-ring (TBOR) structure to improve the extinction ratio and reduce insert loss. It has a dual output compared with one-bus one-ring structure. In addition, double-layer graphene makes it possible for the modulation in the visible to mid-infrared wavelength range. It shows that this new electro-optic modulator can present two switching states well with low insertion loss, high absorption and high extinction ratio. At , when the switching states are based on the chemical potential, and , the insertion losses of both output ports are less than 2 dB, the absorption of the output port coupled via a micro-ring reaches 45 dB and the extinction ratio reaches 14 dB. When the refractive index of the dielectric material is 4.2, the applied voltage will be less than 1.2 V, thus can be used in low-voltage CMOS technology. 相似文献
5.
L. Tong Y. Tian Q. Y. Wang Y. S. Ling 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2006,27(9):1307-1314
The paper introduces a special system calibration technology in s-parameters measurement of microwave and millimeter wave
devices. The 8-term errors module is built by analyzing the signals flowing in the measurement system. Then the calibration
technology using non-standard kits is designed on the base. Finally, the experiment using the calibration technology is introduced. 相似文献
6.
Yang Mujie Zhao Jian Li Aibing Shen Zhiquan Zhang Mingjian Lin Senhao 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1989,27(11):3829-3835
This paper reports that 60Co γ-ray irradiation can convert cis-polyphenylacetylene (cis-PPA) films prepared with rare-earth coordination catalysts to highly photosensitive materials. The dependence of the photosensitivity on irradiation dose, preparation methods, and microstructure of the PPA films has been investigated by means of a potential discharge technique. The photosensitivity was enhanced with increasing irradiation dose. The critical dose to produce a light response was 5 × 103 Gy. The maximum surface potential discharge rate was 618 V/s, and the dark decay was approximately 2 V/s for cis-PPA films irradiated with 60Co γ-ray (dose: 2 × 105 Gy). The cis-transoidal-PPA and an electrophotographic photoreceptor device incorporating cis-PPA showed a higher irradiation effect. The structure and properties of 60Co γ-ray irradiated rare-earth PPA films are similar to the unirradiated films. 相似文献
7.
A lithium(I) coordination polymer has been formed from LiClO4 and the 2,2′‐bipyrimidine (bpym) ligand in which each square pyramidal lithium(I) atom is coordinated in the basal plane by four nitrogen donor atoms derived from two bpym ligands and one water molecule at the apical position. These are connected into a layer structure via hydrogen‐bonding interactions involving the perchlorate anions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
We measure and calculate the aerial image modulation (AIM) of human retina for visible wavelengths based on the individual eye model. By employing the optical design software ZEMAX, we obtain the modulation transfer function (MTF) of human eye in visible wavelengths. Using CSV-1000 and VAF-1000, the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and the visual acuity (VA) for the same eye are measured. Then the AIM of human retina could be acquired by the relations between MTF and CSF and between MTF and VA. The AIM of human retina is independent of MTF, and the values of AIM for normal eyes (without retina disease) are similar, so the assembly average for large numbers of normal eyes can be a standard AIM curve, which is helpful for the diagnosis of diseases in the retina system. 相似文献