Double‐crosslinked reversible redox‐responsive hydrogels based on disulfide–thiol interchange

We present novel redox‐responsive hydrogels based on poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) or poly(acrylamide), consisting of a reversible disulfide crosslinking agent N,N′‐bis(acryloyl)cystamine and a permanent crosslinking agent N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide for microfluidic applications. The mechanism of swelling/deswelling behavior starts with the cleavage and reformation of disulfide bonds, leading to a change of crosslinking density and crosslinking points. Raman and ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy confirm that conversion efficiency of thiol–disulfide interchange up to 99%. Rheological analysis reveals that the E modulus of hydrogel is dependent on the crosslinking density and can be repeatedly manipulated between high‐ and low‐stiffness states over at least 5 cycles without significant decrease. Kinetic studies showed that the mechanical strength of the gels changes as the redox reaction proceeds. This process is much faster than the autonomous diffusion in the hydrogel. Moreover, cooperative diffusion coefficient (D_coop) indicates that the swelling process of the hydrogel is affected by the reduction reaction. Finally, this reversibly switchable redox behavior of bulky hydrogel could be proven in microstructured hydrogel dots through short‐term photopatterning process. These hydrogel dots on glass substrates also showed the desired short response time on cyclic swelling and shrinking processes known from downsized hydrogel shapes. Such stimuli‐responsive hydrogels with redox‐sensitive crosslinkers open a new pathway in exchanging analytes for sensing and separating in microfluidics applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 2590–2601     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定胡蜂酒中无机元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定胡蜂酒中20种无机元素,建立无机元素对照指纹图谱,对重金属元素进行风险评估。结果表明,胡蜂酒中无机元素种类丰富,其中P、K、Na元素占测定总元素的96.14%。有害元素Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu含量符合国家药典标准要求,Cu的靶标危险系数(THQ)为1.00×10^-2,THQ<1说明摄入的重金属对人体健康造成的影响不明显。不同产区胡蜂酒金属元素含量存在差异,根据金属元素图谱得出元素含量按原子序数顺序出现相似的分布态势。结果表明,胡蜂酒中含有丰富的金属元素,很多为营养微量元素,有害元素(Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu)含量符合药典要求,从金属元素方面单一来看,饮用胡蜂酒没有明显的健康风险。胡蜂酒无机元素指纹图谱可为胡蜂酒的鉴别提供一定的的参考依据。     

Temperature‐dependent phase‐segregation behavior and antifouling performance of UV‐curable methacrylated PDMS/PEG coatings

Controllable phase segregation adjustment for immiscible polymer blends has always been tough, which hinders the development of amphiphilic antifouling coatings from more accessible blends. Herein, methacrylated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS‐MA) was synthesized and mixed with poly(ethylene glycol)methylether methacrylate (PEG‐MA). It was interestingly discovered that these PDMS‐MA/PEG‐MA blends displayed upper critical solution temperatures (UCST) due to thermo‐induced conformational change of PEG‐MA and the UCST changed with PDMS‐MA/PEG‐MA mass ratios. Micro‐/nano‐phase segregation, nanophase segregation, or homogenous morphology were therefore achieved. These PDMS‐MA/PEG‐MA blends with different mass ratios were UV‐cured under varying temperatures to fabricate coatings. Their surface morphology and wettability are readily adjusted by phase segregation. For the first time, highly hydrophilic surface was achieved for coatings with microphase segregation because of the exposure of PEG‐rich domains, which exhibited an enhanced protein resistance against bovine serum albumin (BSA). Anti‐bacterial performance (Shewanella loihica) was also observed for these PDMS/PEG coatings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 1612–1623     

Inflation analyses of a circular elastomeric membrane with hydrostatic pressure

Composite diaphragm inflation (CDI) experiment is a useful methodology for exploring the mechanics relation of cell-cell junctions within a living epithelial sheet. In this paper, a new methodology of CDI experiment has been put forward. The finite deformation of a circular polydimezhylsiloxane elastomeric membrane, which is used as the substrate for the culture of epithelial cells, under hydrostatic pressure is explored by the theory of non-linear continuum mechanics. The simplified governing equations with minimum amount of differential equations and boundary conditions are obtained and solved by multiple shooting method. The influences on the membrane by hydrostatic pressure have been discussed.     

Effect of high-temperature crystallization on the electrochemical properties of LiNi<Subscript>0.5</Subscript>Co<Subscript>0.2</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>0.3</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> synthesized from a lithiated transition metal oxide precursor

The lithiated transition metal oxide precursor (LNCMO) with typical α-NaFeO₂ structure and imperfect crystallinity, obtained from a hydrothermal process, was pretreated at 500 °C and then subjected to sintering at 800–920 °C to synthesize the ternary layered LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (NCM523). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge/discharge testing were used for investigating the effect of the high-temperature crystallization on the properties of the NCM523 cathode materials. The results show that the materials heated at 880–900 °C possess superior cation ordering, perfect crystallinity, and excellent electrochemical performances, among which the material heated at 900 °C delivers better performances, with the initial discharge capacity of 152.6 mAh g^?1 at 0.5 C over 3.0 to 4.3 V and the capacity retention of 95.5% after 50 cycles. Furthermore, the effect of the high-temperature crystallization on the Li⁺ diffusion coefficient, potential polarization, and electrochemical resistance are discussed.     

单谷Feigenbaum映射的拟极限集

给出了单谷Feigenbaum映射拟极限集的结构以及它的准确的Hausdorff维数的关系式。     

Dual-modification of Gd2O3 on the high-voltage electrochemical properties of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode materials via the solid-state method

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this paper, the dual-modified LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 via Gd2O3 is successfully obtained by the solid-state method. The phenomenon of Li/Ni cation mixing...     

醇及脱氧核糖与水分子间三体作用强度的快速准确计算

快速准确预测醇及脱氧核糖分子与水形成的氢键复合物的三体作用强度, 对准确模拟水环境下蛋白质和DNA的结构和功能至关重要. 基于对多体极化作用的理解, 在可极化偶极-偶极作用模型(PBFF)基础上, 将体系中的极性化学键视为化学键偶极, 通过模拟键偶极的极化计算了醇及脱氧核糖与水分子形成的氢键复合物的三体作用能. 通过拟合甲醇与水氢键复合物的三体作用能随分子间距离变化的能量曲线确定了所需的参数. 将模型和所确定的参数应用于计算更多的甲醇、 乙醇及脱氧核糖与水氢键复合物的三体作用能, 检验了模型的准确性和参数的可转移性. 计算结果表明, 可极化偶极-偶极作用模型及所确定的参数能够较好地预测具有不同结构的氢键复合物的三体作用强度, 其精度可与MP2方法的计算精度相当.     

Monodisperse superparamagnetic pH‐sensitive single‐layer chitosan hollow microspheres with controllable structure

Facile strategy was developed for the fabrication of the monodisperse superparamagnetic pH‐sensitive single‐layer chitosan (CS) hollow microspheres with controllable structure. The carboxyl group‐functionalized polystyrene microspheres prepared by soap‐free emulsion polymerization were used as the templates. After the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were in situ formed onto the surface of the templates, the single‐layer CS was self‐assembled and cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde subsequently. Then, the magnetic single‐layer CS hollow microspheres were obtained after the templates were removed. It was found that the feeding ratio of the monomer acrylic acid in the soap‐free emulsion polymerization had played an important role on the particle size and surface carboxyl group content of the templates, which determined the particle size and shell thickness of the magnetic single‐layer CS hollow microspheres in the proposed strategy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010     

LC determination and pharmacokinetic study of the main phenolic components of Portulaca oleracea L. extract in rat plasma after oral administration

This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of hesperidin (HP), ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (CA) in rat plasma after oral administration of Portulaca oleracea L. extract (POE). The plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC with vitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside (VR) as internal standard. The calibration curves were linear over the range 0.1-5?μg?mL(-1), 0.1-5?μg?mL(-1)and 0.015-3?μg?mL(-1) for HP, FA and CA, respectively. The validated method was suitable to the pharmacokinetic study of HP, FA and CA in rats after oral administration at a single dose of POE.