On Modular Forms Arising from a Differential Equation of Hypergeometric Type

Modular and quasimodular solutions of a specific second order differential equation in the upper-half plane, which originates from a study of supersingular j-invariants in the first author's work with Don Zagier, are given explicitly. Positivity of Fourier coefficients of some of the solutions as well as a characterization of the differential equation are also discussed.     

Sub-critical crack growth rate of soda-lime-silicate glass and less brittle glass as a function of fictive temperature

Sub-critical crack growth rates of soda-lime-silicate glass and less brittle glass with different fictive temperatures were compared using the DCDC method under both dry and humid atmospheres in order to investigate the origin of the unique mechanical features of the less brittle glass developed by Ito and his collaborators. In both dry and humid atmospheres, the crack velocity of the soda-lime-silicate glass was slower than that of the less brittle glass. For both glasses, the glass sample with higher fictive temperature showed a slower crack growth rate under both dry and humid atmospheres. These observations can be explained by the tendency for the plastic flow at the crack tip; the soda-lime-silicate glass is expected to show easier plastic flow under tension than the less brittle glass, and also the samples with higher fictive temperatures are expected to show easier plastic flow, leading to greater fracture toughness, K_IC, and slower crack growth rate.     

A simple synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazoles and its application to palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction

A variety of 2-arylbenzothiazoles were prepared by the direct reaction of 2-aminobenzenethiol and aryl aldehydes by the aid of activated carbon (Shirasagi KL or Darco^® KB) under oxygen atmosphere. 2-Pyridylbenzothiazole, thus obtained, was proved to work as an efficient ligand in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction.     

Ethylene polymerization by chromium complexes with phosphorous‐bridged bisphenoxy ligand

Chromium catalysts combined with phosphorous‐bridged bisphenoxy ligands were found to be highly active for ethylene polymerization. The most efficient catalyst precursor among them, generated by combining bis[3‐tert‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐2‐hydroxyphenyl](phenyl)phosphine hydrochloride ( 1a ) and CrCl₃(THF)₃, was characterized. X‐ray analysis of (3‐tert‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy)(3‐tert‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐ 2‐hydroxyphenyl)(phenyl)phosphine bis(tetrahydrofuran)chromium dichloride ( 6 ), obtained by the reaction of 1a and CrCl₃(THF)₃ in the presence of NaH, revealed a unique structure in which one phenol moiety of the bisphenol did not coordinate to the chromium center. Complex 6 showed higher activities than those observed in the in situ catalyst system. Polyethylene of various molecular weights was obtained with differing activators. The highest activity (113.5 kg mmol (cat)^?1 h^?1) was observed when TIBA/TB was used as a cocatalyst. A medium molecular weight polymer with narrow molecular weight distribution (M_w = 128,700, M_w/M_n = 1.8) was obtained using a 6 ‐TIBA/B(C₆F₅)₃ system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 3668–3676, 2007     

Two-body forces and amplitudes in the three-body model for the4He(\vec d,pα)n reaction withE d =12 and 17 MeV

The⁴He( ,p)n cross section, vector and tensor analyzing-power data with 12 and 17 MeV deuterons at kinematic conditions including proton-alpha quasifree scattering, neutron-alpha and proton-alpha final-state interactions, as well as collinearity, are compared with the predictions of the three-body model using different nucleon-alpha and neutron-proton forces. In general, better two-body potentials give a better fit to the data, except for the vector analyzing-power data. The roles of the impulse and multiple-scattering amplitudes are studied to understand the sensitivity to two-body potentials and to understand the reason for the successes and the failures of the model.     

Measurement ofD(\vec p,p)D elastic scattering at 10.0, 12.0, 14.1 and 16.5 MeV especially for small forward and extreme backward scattering angles

The elastic scattering was investigated especially in the Coulomb sensitive scattering regions. Angular distributions of the differential cross section and of the analyzing powerA _y, with emphasis on small scattering angles, were measured at 10.0 and 14.1 MeV. For extreme backward angles up toJ _c.m.=179° the differential cross section was measured at 12.0, 14.1 and 16.5 MeV. The data have been compared with recent Faddeev calculations based on the realistic meson-exchange Paris potential and including an approximate Coulomb correction. There are discrepancies between the data and the calculations especially for the analyzing power. This indicates that the approximate treatment of Coulomb effects and possibly also the purely nuclear part of the calculations need to be improved.     

A hexacyclic ent-trachylobane diterpenoid possessing an oxetane ring from Mitrephora glabra

[chemical reaction: see text]. Three new ent-trachylobane diterpenoids (1-3) were isolated and structures elucidated from Mitrephora glabra Scheff. (Annonaceae). Mitrephorone A (1) possesses a hexacyclic ring system with adjacent ketone moieties and an oxetane ring, both of which are unprecedented among trachylobanes. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cells, where 1 displayed the most potent and broadest activity, and against a battery of antimicrobial assays, where all compounds were approximately equipotent.     

A new synthesis of indoloquinolizines by Pictet-Spengler reaction of tryptamine type 1,2-dihydropyridines utilizing sec-nitrodienamine

The Pictet-Spengler reaction of tryptamine type 1,2-dihydropyridine 5c derived from the cycloaddition of the sec-nitrodienamine 3c with acetaldehyde afforded the indoloquinolizine derivatives 6 and 7.     

X-ray structural study of a zinc(II) inclusion complex of a phenolate-pendant cyclam

The molecular structure of phenol-pendant cyclam-zinc(II) complex,4a, has been determined by X-ray structure analysis. Crystals of4a · ClO₄ · CH₃OH (C₁₆H₂₇N₄OZn · ClO₄ · CH₃OH) are monoclinic, space groupP2₁/nn, with four molecules in the unit cell of dimensionsa=31.198(2) Å,b=8.426(1) Å,c=8.214(1) Å, and=93.96(1)°. The structure was solved by the heavy atom method and refined anisotropically toR=0.044,R _w=0.062 for 1551 independent reflections. The complex assumes a five-coordinate, square pyramidal geometry, where zinc(II) is surrounded by the cyclam moiety in a planar fashion with the pendant phenolate anion occupying an axial position. An extremely short Zn-O(phenolate) bond distance of 1.983(5) Å, in conjunction with the 0.288 Å displacement of Zn(II) above the cyclam N₄ plane toward the phenolate, accounts for the extremely low pK _a value of 5.8 for the pendant phenol. These facts about4a, in comparison with the previous findings for the Ni(II) (4b) and Cu(II) complexes (4c) with the same ligand, illustrate well the characteristics of zinc(II) ion coordination properties.This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Dr C. J. Pedersen.