Dose verification of volumetric modulation arc therapy by using a NIPAM gel dosimeter combined with a parallel-beam optical computed tomography scanner

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) was developed to shorten treatment time and increase target conformance. However, a true three-dimensional (3D) gel dosimeter is needed for dose verification. In this study, two clinic cases were adopted: a simple case of lung cancer and a complex case of larynx cancer. For each clinic case, two treatment plans were generated for the same planning target volume using VMAT and intensity modulated radiation therapy calculation software packages. An N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) polymer gel dosimeter was used for 3D dose verification. In addition, the dose characteristics of the NIPAM gel dosimeter were investigated for the two clinic cases.

     

水溶性TGA-CdTe量子点的超快弛豫动力学过程探究

本文以三个不同粒径(1^#:2.3 nm, 2^#:2.8 nm和3^#:3.5 nm)的巯基乙酸包覆的CdTe量子点(thioglycolic acid capped CdTe quantum dots, TGA-CdTe QDs)样品为研究对象, 其时间相关单光子计数(time-correlated single photon counting, TCSPC)实验得到的时间分辨光谱显示, 三个量子点的荧光平均寿命依次是～6 ns, ～10 ns和～12 ns, 其动力学过程包括慢过程和快过程两部分. 随其粒径尺寸的增加, 其慢过程延长, 快过程在变短. 然后, 通过瞬态吸收和荧光上转换两种基于飞秒的时间分辨光谱技术, 对TGA-CdTe量子点的带间弛豫过程做了探究. 实验结果显示, 三个TGA-CdTe量子点样品, 随其粒径增大, 最高激发态和最低激发态填充速率减慢, 其中, 最高激发态从0.33 ps增加至0.79 ps; 最低激发态从0.53 ps增至～1 ps. 另外, 由瞬态吸收和荧光上转换两种时间分辨手段相结合, 可得到CdTe量子点带间弛豫的完整图像, 结果显示了TGA-CdTe 量子点的一个本征特征:即在基态漂白恢复过程中的初始上升阶段, 荧光上转换信号要慢于瞬态吸收信号. 这可以为量子点在光电转换应用上提供帮助.     

Structures and Aromaticity of Three-membered BeXP （X = C,Si, Ge） and CYP （Y = O,S, Se） Rings

Three-membered BeXP （X = C, Si, Ge） and CYP （Y = O, S, Se） rings are theoretically investigated using density functional theory （DFT） methods at the B3LYP/6-311＋G^＊ and B3PW91/6-311＋G^＊ levels of theory. The research results show that the size of atoms has a great influence on the structural stability of these species. The wiberg bond indexs （WBIs） suggest the existence of delocalization in these structures. Negative nucleus-independent chemical shift （NICS） values for these species indicate that a strong ring current exists in these three-membered structures （Cs symmetry）. A detailed molecular orbital （MO） analysis further reveals that a delocalized π MO strengthens the structural stability and makes these species show strong aromatic characters.     

Two coordination polymers constructed by 5‐[(4‐carboxyphenoxy)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid and 2,2′‐bipyridine: syntheses,structures and luminescence properties

Coordination polymers (CPs) have attracted increasing interest in recent years. In this work, two new CPs, namely poly[[aquabis(2,2′‐bipyridine‐κ²N,N′){μ₃‐5‐[(4‐carboxylatophenoxy)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O¹,O^1′:O³:O⁵}(μ‐formato‐κ³O:O,O′)dicadmium(II)] monohydrate], {[Cd₂(C₁₆H₉O₇)(HCO₂)(C₁₀H₈N₂)₂(H₂O)]·H₂O}_n ( 1 ), and poly[[(2,2′‐bipyridine‐κ²N,N′){μ₃‐5‐[(4‐carboxylphenoxy)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O¹,O^1′:O³:O⁵}manganese(II)] sesquihydrate], {[Mn(C₁₆H₁₀O₇)(C₁₀H₈N₂)]·1.5H₂O}_n ( 2 ), have been prepared using the tricarboxylic acid 5‐[(4‐carboxyphenoxy)methyl]benzene‐1,3‐dicarboxylic acid and 2,2′‐bipyridine under hydrothermal conditions. CP 1 displays a two‐dimensional layer structure which is further extended into a three‐dimensional (3D) supramolecular structure via intermolecular π–π interactions, while CP 2 shows a different 3D supramolecular structure extended from one‐dimensional ladder chains by intermolecular π–π interactions. In addition, the solid‐state luminescence spectra of 1 and 2 were studied at room temperature.     

非均匀圆柱壳中非线性波传播模型的同伦分析解法

圆柱形壳中非线性波传播问题的研究具有重要的理论和现实意义.本文用同伦分析方法,研究了描述非均匀圆柱壳中非线性波传播的一种新模型,得到了该模型的高精度近似孤波解和周期波解.这表明同伦分析方法是研究非线性波传播问题的一种十分有效的方法.     

The Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of Mushroom-Derived Antrocin Encodes Two Dual-Functional Haloacid Dehalogenase-like Terpene Cyclases

(−)-Antrocin ( 1 ), produced by the medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea, is a potent antiproliferative compound. The biosynthetic gene cluster of 1 was identified, and the pathway was characterized by heterologous expression. We characterized a haloacid dehalogenase-like terpene cyclase AncC that biosynthesizes the drimane-type sesquiterpene (+)-albicanol ( 2 ) from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP). Biochemical characterization of AncC, including kinetic studies and mutagenesis, demonstrated the functions of two domains: a terpene cyclase (TC) and a pyrophosphatase (PPase). The TC domain first cyclizes FPP to albicanyl pyrophosphate, and the PPase domain then removes the pyrophosphate to form 2 . Intriguingly, AncA (94 % sequence identity to AncC), in the same gene cluster, converts FPP into (R)-trans-γ-monocyclofarnesol instead of 2 . Notably, Y283/F375 in the TC domain of AncA serve as a gatekeeper in controlling the formation of a cyclofarnesoid rather than a drimane-type scaffold.     

Solid-state single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation from a 2D layer to a 3D framework mediated by lattice iodine release

We describe an exceedingly rare example of solid-state single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation from a 2D layer to a known 3D framework via lattice iodine release, which involves the formation of a new Cu-O ligand bond and a change in the metal coordination geometry.     

K(m,n)方程与B(m,n)方程的无穷序列新精确解

进一步研究了辅助方程法,给出了几种常用辅助方程的新解、B(a|¨)cklund变换和解的非线性叠加公式.在此基础上,根据m和n的不同情况,利用变换和直接积分相结合的方法,获得了K(m,n)方程与B(m,n)方程的无穷序列新精确解.这里包括无穷序列光滑孤立子解、无穷序列尖峰孤立子解和无穷序列紧孤立子解.     

硅丙型核壳结构乳胶粒子的制备及成膜过程

采用分步乳液聚合方法, 分别在不同步骤中将乙烯基硅氧烷单体作为共聚单体引入聚丙烯酸酯类乳液共聚合体系中, 制备出具有窄分布多层核壳结构形态的硅丙型乳胶粒子. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征, 乳胶粒子具有硅丙型核壳结构; 动态激光散射(DLS)分析得到的乳胶粒子的直径与TEM数据相符; 同时由多频调制差示扫描量热(TOPEM-DSC)技术分析得到的乳胶粒子的3个玻璃化转变温度与实验设计相符, 证实乳液粒子的核壳结构; 利用Horus成膜仪对乳胶粒子成膜过程进行全程监控. 利用多种助剂制得水性木器涂料, 其漆膜的硬度、耐丙酮性、耐水性、耐醇性及耐压痕等性能优异.     

一次消解土壤样品测定汞、砷和硒

建立了测定土壤中3种挥发性元素(汞、砷、硒)的一次消解方法,确定以程序控温石墨自动消解仪+王水-氢氟酸-硼酸络合敞开体系为最佳消解体系,采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)分别测定同一消解液中汞、砷、硒的含量.采用国家标物中心有证标准物质土壤环境样品GSS-1~GSS-8进行了方法验证,结果均符合标准偏差的允许范围.此消解方法相比于现行标准方法,避免了针对各元素的分次处理,简化了消解步骤,节省了前处理时间,减少了试剂消耗,提高了实验效率,适用性广、灵敏度高、检出限低,尤其适合批量样品的微量/痕量元素分析,可作为一种大规模土壤样品中重金属污染监测和治理的快捷方法.