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1.
Three new cytotoxic polyacetylenes, PQ-1 (1), PQ-2 (2) and PQ-3 (3), have been isolated from Panax quinquefolium. The structures of these acetylenes were determined by analyses of their 1H-1H and 1H-13C COSY spectra. All these compounds exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against leukemia cells (L 1210) in tissue culture. 相似文献
2.
Within the large literature on inter-organizational networks, there has been some discussion of linking-pin organizations and the role they play in integrating these networks. Based on this verbal specification of linking-pin organizations, we construct operational criteria and empirical methods for identifying these structurally important organizations in potentially large and complex inter-organizational networks. These methods are based on ideas drawn from blockmodeling, structural holes, centrality and centralization of networks, and identifying cut-points in networks. These methods are applied to a constructed example and then to real empirical inter-organizational networks. Implications and contrasts with other methods are discussed, together with some open problems. 相似文献
3.
Makoto Sakata Takafumi Itsubo Yutakata Moritomo Yasuo Ohishi 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2004,65(12):1973-1976
The experimental and analytical method of the high-pressure powder experiment at BL10XU, SPring-8, is described. There is no doubt that BL10XU must be one of the most appropriate beam lines for high pressure X-ray diffraction experiment taking advantage of third generation synchrotron source. As an example of the advanced charge density study under high pressure, the structural change of Cs2Au2Br6 by applying pressure is studied by Rietveld/MEM analysis. It reveals that the structural change of Cs2Au2Br6 by applying pressure occurs basically at electron level, such as valence state change and chemical bonding, which may be called the electronic phase transition. 相似文献
4.
S Watanabe R R Anderson S Brorson G Dalickas J G Fujimoto T J Flotte 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1991,53(6):757-762
Threshold radiant exposures for grossly apparent immediate whitening and ultrastructural alterations of melanosomes in black guinea pig skin were determined for a series of red visible laser pulses ranging from 4 x 10(-4) to 6.5 x 10(-14) s. Threshold exposures for melanosomal injury were found to be independent of pulsewidth when the pulsewidths were below the estimated thermal relaxation time of melanosomes. Threshold radiant exposures for melanosomal injury were found to increase when the pulsewidths were approximately equal to or above the thermal relaxation time of melanosomes. At longer pulse durations, fracturing of melanosomes was not observed despite the longer exposures necessary for injury. Instead, perimelanosomal vacuoles were noted. These findings are consistent with the theory of selective photothermolysis and provide evidence for the thermal initiation of melanosomal disruption. 相似文献
5.
Endoscopic Observation of Tissue by Narrowband Illumination 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Kazuhiro Gono Kenji Yamazaki Nobuyuki Doguchi Tetsuo Nonami Takashi Obi Masahiro Yamaguchi Nagaaki Ohyama Hirohisa Machida Yasushi Sano Shigeaki Yoshida Yasuo Hamamoto Takao Endo 《Optical Review》2003,10(4):211-215
We propose a new illumination method for a medical endoscope: narrow band imaging (NBI), in which the spectral bandwidth of the filtered light is narrowed. To confirm how the spectral specifications of the filtered light influence a reproduced image, an experiment was conducted observing the endoscopic images of the back mucosa of a human tongue. In addition, the effect of NBI on endoscopic images was investigated through preliminary clinical tests in colonoscopy and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. It has been shown that NBI can enhance the capillary pattern and the crypt pattern on the mucosa. These patterns are useful features for diagnosing an early cancer. 相似文献
6.
13C NMR studies showed that the population of the norcaradiene form of the title systems containing p-CH3O, H, and p-CF3 on the 7-aryl group increases in this order. The result is consistent with the prediction from the π-acceptor strength of the aryl group estimated by INDO calculations. 相似文献
7.
8.
Ahmed Jalal Uddin Yutaka Ohkoshi Yasuo Gotoh Masanobu Nagura Tetsuya Hara 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(22):2878-2891
The effect of moisture on the mechanical relaxation processes of semiaromatic semicrystalline polyamides synthesized by a long‐chain aliphatic diamine and terephthalic acid was investigated by dynamic viscoelastic analysis (DVA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, the implication of moisture with the amorphous and crystalline domains was also examined by temperature‐dependent wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The characteristics of the relaxations such as α, β, γ, and the pronounced peak shoulder appeared at 25–100 °C in DVA tan δ curves were found to be strongly susceptible to the presence of moisture. With moisture evaporation, the peak shoulder of 25–100 °C and the β‐relaxation disappeared. The former is anticipated to originate from to the side group motion of hydrogen‐bonded water, whereas the later one is from the motions of the amide–water complex units. With the disappearance of the β‐relaxation, the γ‐relaxation appeared simultaneously in much lower temperatures and ultimately coupled with the δ‐relaxation. The γ‐relaxation is attributed to be associated with the molecular motion of the amide group and δ‐relaxation with for the motion of the methylene units. The existence of two types of water was identified in the polymer, namely, tightly bound and loosely bound. The tightly bound water is believed to be directly connected by hydrogen bonding with the strong polar groups and the loosely bound water weakly links with those connected water making hydrogen bridges. The moisture acts as a plasticizer in the polymer matrix, which causes quite a large depression in its glass transition temperature (Tg). WAXD and FTIR studies corroborated the existence of water solely in amorphous regions, i.e., no rapport of water with the crystalline parts. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2878–2891, 2003 相似文献
9.
Akira Shimazu Tukasa Miyazaki Shigeru Katayama Yasuo Ito 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(3):308-318
The ortho‐positronium (o‐Ps) lifetime τ3 and its intensity I3 in various fluorinated polyimides were determined by the positron annihilation technique and were studied with the spin–lattice relaxation time T1 and the propylene permeability, solubility, diffusivity, and permselectivity for propylene/propane in them. τ3, I3, and the distribution of τ3 changed when the bulky moieties in the polyimides were changed. The polyimides, having both large τ3 and I3 values, exhibited a short T1 and a high permeability with a low permselectivity. The propylene permeability and diffusivity were exponentially correlated with the product of I3 and the average free‐volume hole size estimated from τ3. In highly plasticized states induced by the sorption of propylene, the permeability increased with the propylene pressure in excellent agreement with the change in the free‐volume hole properties probed by o‐Ps. The large and broad distribution of the free‐volume holes and increased local chain mobility for the 2,2‐bis(3,4‐decarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride‐based polyimides are thought to be important physical properties for promoting penetrant‐induced plasticization. These results suggest that o‐Ps is a powerful probe of not only the free‐volume holes but also the corresponding permeation mechanism and penetrant‐induced plasticization phenomenon. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 308–318, 2003 相似文献
10.
Hoang The Ban Kei Nishii Yasuo Tsunogae Takeshi Shiono 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(13):2765-2773
This article reports a synthetic method for a norbornene–ethylene–styrene (N‐E‐S) terpolymer, which has not been well investigated so far, via incorporation of styrene (S) into vinyl‐type norbornene–ethylene (N‐E) copolymers catalyzed by a substituted ansa‐fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium [Me2Si(3,6‐tBu2Flu)(tBuN)]TiMe2 catalyst ( I ) activated with a [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]/Al(iBu)3 cocatalyst at room temperature in toluene. The resulting terpolymerization product contained the targeted N‐E‐S terpolymer and the contaminated homopolymers, which were then able to be completely removed by solvent fractionation techniques. While homopolystyrene was easily extracted by fractionation with methylethylketone as a soluble part, homopolyethylene and a trace amount of homopolynorbornene could be perfectly separated by fractionation with chloroform as insoluble parts. The detail characterizations of a chloroform‐soluble polymer with gel permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and differential scanning calorimetry analyses proved that it contained a true N‐E‐S terpolymer with long N‐E sequences incorporated with isolated or short styrene sequences. The homogeneity of the morphology together with a single glass transition temperature that proportionally decreased with the increase of the styrene contents indicated that the N‐E‐S terpolymer obtained in this work is a random polymer with an amorphous structure. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2765–2773, 2007 相似文献