Novel Conjugated Polymers Based on Dithieno[3,2‐b:6,7‐b]carbazole for Solution Processed Thin‐Film Transistors

Two conjugated polymers (CPs) P‐tCzC12 and P‐tCzC16 comprising alternating dithieno[3,2‐b:6,7‐b]carbazole and 4,4′‐dihexadecyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene units have been designed and synthesized. Upon thermal annealing, they can form ordered thin films in which the polymer backbones dominantly adopted an edge‐on orientation respective to the substrate with a lamellar spacing of ≈24 Å and a π‐stacking distance of ≈3.7 Å. Organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) were fabricated by solution casting. A hole mobility of 0.39 cm² V⁻¹s⁻¹ has been demonstrated with P‐tCzC16. This value is the highest among the CPs containing heteroacenes larger than 4 rings.     

2D PbS Nanosheets with Zigzag Edges for Efficient CO2 Photoconversion

The rational design of transition-metal sulfide with two-dimensional (2D) structure and tunable edges on the nanoscale can effectively improve their activity for variously catalytic reactions. Herein, the 2D PbS nanosheets with abundant zigzag edges (e-PbS NS), which exhibited an excellent performance for CO₂ photoconversion to CO, were constructed. The zigzag edges on the PbS NS are beneficial for exposing more active sites and promoting charge separation, thereby accelerating the kinetics process of CO₂ photoreduction. This study provides a strategy to regulate structure with effective edge sites for the CO₂ reduction.     

纳米碳基材料在导电胶黏剂中的应用

具有导电、导热等功能的胶黏剂相对于普通胶黏剂具有更高的应用价值,在电子封装领域已得到了广泛应用,然而其成本受制于高体积含量的贵金属填料而无法有效降低。本文基于这些现状总结和分析了近些年来国内外对于解决这类问题的方法和最新研究成果,发现碳纳米管、石墨烯等纳米碳材料具有优异的力学、导电和导热能力,与金属填料复合可以降低10wt%~20 wt%的金属填料含量。特别地,碳纳米管作为一维纳米材料能够作为“桥梁”将导电金属填料相互连接起来,可有效提高胶黏剂的导电能力、热稳定性和力学性能,同时降低填料的导电导热阈值和制备成本。通过聚合物基体(如热塑性与热固性树脂)的优化与选择,胶黏剂的力学性能可得到进一步的改善,以便满足于柔性电子器件的封装要求。另外,我们认为通过化学方法制备纳米粒子高温固化后也可以烧结构筑导电导热网络,提高材料的性能。     

Dynamical randomicity and predictive analysis in cubic chaotic system

The dynamical randomicity and grey prediction in cubic chaotic system will be studied in this paper. These stochastic symbolic sequences bear three features. The distribution of frequency, inter-occurrence times, the first passage time, the rth passage time and the ordinal passage time are discussed separately. By using transfer probability of Markov chain (MC), one obtains analytic expressions of generating functions in three-probabilities stochastic wander model, which can be applied to all three symbolic systems. The visitation density function of cubic map will also be resolved. Especially, after introducing grey system theory, one is mainly using GM(1,1) model to forecast data sequences, and the usual forecast precision is approximately 90%. In the symbolic prediction of cubic chaotic dynamical system, the precision of grey prediction certainly will decrease as the length of symbolic sequence is increasing. But in this place we have found a generating rule that may realize chaotic synchronization at least in short and medium terms, and we can analyze and forecast in this way.     

Knot Theory Based on the Minimal Braid in Lorenz System

By means of symbolic dynamics in Lorenz map, after studying spatial topological structure of dynamical knot constructed by the minimal braid assumption, we pry into the spatial structure of three-dimensional manifold from low-dimensional space. Lorenz dynamical knot provides a scheme about suspension. So, we are able to understand partly dynamical behaviors’ topological properties of high-dimensional differential manifold by studying dynamical knot’s properties. We hope to afford an approach and understand the nature of physical reality, especially in the study of DNA sequences, 20 amino acids symbolic sequences of proteid structure, and time series that can be symbolic in finance market et al.     

13种龟甲的无机元素和氨基酸含量比较

以１３种龟甲为药样，用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法和氨基酸自动分析仪对１３种龟甲的无机元素及９种龟甲的氨基酸含量进行测定，为龟甲的品质评价及资源开发利用提供了科学参考。     

高压下Al的零温电子结构和物态方程

 用LMTO法（线性Muffin-Tin轨道法），计算了金属铝的超高压电子结构及零温物态方程。Al的压缩比到10，压力达10 TPa。根据第一原理计算结果，在带结构方面，s带总是处于Fermi能以下，随着压力的增加，s、p和d的带宽增加，随后则杂化程度增加，所以s、d轨道的电子占据数连续变化。上述变化对压力的影响也是连续的，换言之，从s→d转变没有理由说明Al在0.5 TPa附近冲击Hugoniot的斜率的拐弯现象。而这一点则是与Altshuler的观点不同。物态方程的第一原理计算结果表明，bcc结构比fcc结构要软，但因差别不很大，即使发生fcc→bcc的转变，也不会引起Hugoniot的质的变化（拐弯）。Al的LMTO物态方程还表明，我们以前所采用的半经验的冷压误差可达30%。为此，根据LMTO结果，给出新的冷压表达式p=∑_i=0⁵a_iδ^i/3，δ=Ω₀/Ω，其中a₀=-7.327 79，a₁=18.754 3，a₂=10.209 7，a₃=-2.523 53，a₄=-4.787 2，a₅=6.065 94，拟合误差小于3%。     

Suppression of background sites in molecularly imprinted polymers via urea-urea monomer aggregation

The molecular imprinting process provides a synthetically efficient route to polymers with tailored recognition properties. However, the binding properties of the templated binding sites are often masked by the more prevalent background binding sites. Therefore, a strategy for reducing the number of background binding sites was developed and evaluated that uses functional monomer aggregation to suppress the formation of background sites. A series of imprinted and non-imprinted polymers was formed using crosslinking urea monomer and were evaluated for their ability to rebind the anionic template, tetrabutylammonium diphenyl phosphate (TBA-DPP). The urea monomer was shown to form linear hydrogen bonded aggregates in solution and in the solid state. Functional monomer aggregation in the polymerization solution was shown to dramatically reduce the numbers of background binding sites by occupying and blocking the urea recognition groups that were not bound to the template molecule. Despite the low aggregation constant of the urea monomer (3.5 M(-1) in chloroform), the number of background sites was reduced by more than 60%. We predict that this strategy of using monomers that aggregate to reduce background binding sites is a general one for MIPs and other types of polymers with tailored recognition properties. The key is to identify self-assembling monomers where the guest binding processes are stronger than the aggregation processes.     

AUTOFLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY OF OPTICALLY TRAPPED CELLS

Abstract— Cellular autofluorescence spectra were monitored in a single-beam gradient force optical trap ("optical tweezers") in order to probe the physiological effects of near infrared and UVA (320–400 nm) microirradiation. Prior to trapping, Chinese hamster ovary cells exhibited weak UVA-excited autofluorescence with maxima at 455 nm characteristic of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) emission. No strong effect of a 1064 nm NIR microbeam on fluorescence intensity and spectral characteristics was found during trapping, even for power densities up to 70 MW/cm² and radiant exposures of 100 GJ/cm². In contrast to the 1064 nm trap, a 760 nm trapping beam caused a two-fold autofluorescence increase within 5 min (about 20 GJ/cm²). Exposure to 365 nm UVA (1 W/cm²) during 1064 nm trapping significantly altered cellular autofluorescence, causing, within 10 min, a five-fold increase and a 6 nm red shift versus initial levels. We conclude that 1064 nm microbeams can be applied for an extended period without producing autofluorescence changes characteristic of alterations in the cellular redox state. However, 760 nm effects may occur via a two-photon absorption mechanism, which, in a manner similar to UVA exposure, alters the redox balance and places the cell in a state of oxidative stress.     

LiH电子结构和物态方程与离子半径比

 本文给出了用LMTO能带方法计算的离子晶体LiH的不同WS球半径比的计算结果。其压缩比σ=1.0~2.5。在电子带结构、电子占据数及零温物态方程等方面进行了比较。比较结果表明：二元化合物的原子半径比不同对计算的电子带结构及电子占据数有一定的影响，但对晶体的整体性质如物态方程、相变等影响不大。在高压情形下，这个影响减弱。