Treatment of Pea Seeds with Plasma Activated Water to Enhance Germination,Plant Growth,and Plant Composition

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The present study has been carried to investigate the interaction and effect of plasma activated water (PAW) on pea seeds. PAW is produced with the...     

有机溶剂化效应对多元配合物显色反应作用的研究 Ⅰ.有机溶剂对 M-CAS-CTMAB 体系显色反应微环境影响之初探

本文研究了有机溶剂加入后,表面活性剂增敏型体系微环境的变化。用核磁共振方法确定了有机溶剂分子与CTMAB胶束分子的作用部位。通过CTMAB溶液电导率测定及c.m.c值的测定,发现有机溶剂加入确实形成了一种新胶束。还研究了有机溶剂对显色反应速度的影响。并考察了体系微环境变化与相应显色液吸光度值的关系。我们的实验初步表明,有机溶剂的存在,改变了原有的CTMAB胶束,是增敏作用的重要因素,因而改变了发生显色反应的微环境。     

内-α-取代-α-甲基双环[2,2,1]庚烷-2-基甲醇的合成及其结构与香气的关系

合成了18种内-α-取代-α-甲基双环[2,2,1]庚烷-2-基甲醇(Ⅰ)。测定了所有化合物的折光率(或熔点)、质谱、红外光谱、~1H核磁共振谱、气相色谱的保留时间和薄层色谱的比移值。评定了它们的香气,并与相应的内-α-取代-α-甲基双环[2,2,1]-5-庚烯-2-基甲醇(Ⅱ)系列化合物的香气进行了比较,初步探讨了结构与香气的关系。     

Analytical applications of a differential technique in laser-induced fluorimetry: accurate and precise determination of uranium in concentrates and for designing microchemielectronic devices for on-line determination in processing industries

A novel instrumental technique for the direct, fast, accurate, and precise determination of uranium in concentrates and other U-rich materials (as well as to mineralized rocks) is presented. The proposed technique is an absolute methodology, based on the comparison of the fluorescence of the accurately known standard with a sample of similar but unknown concentration in the low operational range of the instrument (on same sample-dilution basis), by the use of H₃PO₄-NH₄H₂PO₄ as a fluorescence-enhancing reagent. The relative standard deviation of the proposed technique was 0.5-0.9% (n=9) at 18.1, 36.2, 61.2, and 99.6% U₃O₈. The proposed technique is suitable for the determination of uranium in samples arising from exploration projects, ores from mining operations, mill process samples, uranium ore concentrates leading to fuel fabrication as well as samples from environmental monitoring containing up to 100% uranium. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by titrimetric, gravimetric, and TBP extraction-H₂O₂ spectrophotometric methods. The precision of the technique is within the acceptable ‘pure geochemistry’ type of analysis (R.S.D. ∼ 1.0%) and is comparable even those obtained with titrimetric and gravimetric assay. The proposed differential technique coupled with flow injection may open up new advancement in instrumentation leading to design and development of microchemielectronic devices for direct on-line determination, more compatible with the tools of computer age as also to help in handling of radioactive solutions in chemical laboratories in uranium processing industries.     

Molecular recognition of NO/NO+ via multicenter (charge-transfer) binding to bridged diarene donors. Effect of structure on the optical transitions and complexation thermodynamics

Bridged diarenes form very strong [1:1] complexes with nitrosonium/nitric oxide in which the NO moiety is optimally sandwiched in the cleft between a pair of cofacial aromatic rings which act as a molecular "Venus flytrap". The spectral features of these associates are generally similar to those for [1:1] and [2:1] nitrosonium complexes with mononuclear alkyl-substituted benzenes, and they are appropriately described within the LCAO molecular-orbital methodology and the Mulliken (charge-transfer) formulation of donor/acceptor electronic transitions. The thermodynamics study indicates that the efficient binding is determined by (i) the close matching of the donor/acceptor redox potentials and (ii) the ability of bridged diarenes for multicentered interactions with a single NO moiety. The best fit of the electronic and structural parameters is provided by a calixarene host that allows the interacting centers to be arranged in a manner similar to those extant in [2:1] nitrosonium complexes with analogous (nonbridged) aromatic donors; this results in its very strong noncovalent binding with nitrosonium/nitric oxide with the formation constant of K(B) approximately 10(8) M(-)(1) and free-energy change of -DeltaG degrees = 45 kJ mol(-)(1). Such strong, selective, and reversible bindings of nitrosonium/nitric oxide by (cofacial) aromatic centers thus provide the basis for the development of efficient NO sensors/absorbents and also suggest their potential relevance to biochemical systems.     

钾镁氯化物(硫酸盐)与脲、水体系的溶度研究

报导了KCl-MgCl2-CO(NH2)2-H2O和K2SO4-MgSO4-CO（NH2）2-H2O两个四元体系在25℃时的溶度及其饱和溶液的折光率、密度，相应的溶度图和组成-折光率、组成-密度图．前一体系中形成3个三元化合物：MgCl2·4CO（NH2）2·2H2O、MgCl2·CO（NH2）2·4H2O和KCl·MgCl2·6H2O溶度盐份图由9支共饱线、4个四元无变点组成．四元体系的水量图、性质-组成图有类似的变化．后一体系中有2个异成份溶解化合物MgSO4·CO（NH2）2·2H2O和K2SO4·MgSO4·6H2O形成，溶度等温图由7支双饱溶度线、3个四元无变点组成．对两个体系相图的相似性和差异点进行了讨论．     

Extended applications of electric cell-substrate impedance sensing for assessment of the structure-function of α2β1 integrin

Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) was applied to assess the structure-function of α2β1 integrin, receptor for collagen and laminin. On collagen-coated gold electrodes, expression of this integrin on human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells (RDX2C2) yielded a five-fold increase in resistance when compared with mock transfected RD (RDpF) cells (34.5±5.2 versus 6.5±0.8 Ω/cell). An intermediate level of 16±2 Ω/cell was measured upon expression of an α2β1 mutant that lacked the α2 cytoplasmic domain (RDX2CO). On laminin, the resistance measured for RDX2C2 cells was also higher but only twice that of RDpF cells at 71±4 and 37±4 Ω/cell, respectively. In comparison, RDX2CO cells (38±4 Ω/cell), exhibiting no enhanced adhesive function, yielded a similar result to that of RDpF cells. On fibronectin, RDX2C2 and RDpF cells, exhibiting comparable levels of adhesion, were similar in resistance measurements at 85±5and 89±7 Ω/cell, respectively. It has been shown that deletion of α2 cytoplasmic domain results in dysregulated recruitment of the α2β1 mutant to focal adhesion complexes that mediate binding of fibronectin. RDX2CO cells on fibronectin, exhibiting reduced adhesive function, was associated with noticeably lower resistance (60±4 Ω/cell). Monitoring electroporation of the RD plasma membrane also indirectly validated cell attachment as reflected by the resistance measured. Results from this study demonstrated the potential of ECIS for study of the structure-function of βl integrin adhesion receptors.     

偶联剂对钛酸钾晶须/双马来酰亚胺树脂摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了不同偶联剂及钛酸钾晶须添加量对钛酸钾晶须 /双马来酰亚胺树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响 .结果发现 ,钛酸钾晶须能明显提高复合材料的耐磨性 ,晶须的加入使材料的磨损率得到显著降低 ;钛酸钾晶须对材料具有一定的润滑性 ,添加晶须后材料的摩擦系数与树脂基体基本相当 ;偶联剂对复合材料的摩擦系数影响不大 ,但是合适的偶联剂对材料耐磨性的提高则具有明显的作用 .晶须添加量较低时 ,复合材料的磨损机理主要为较严重的粘着磨损 ,晶须添加量较高时 ,疲劳磨损占主导地位 .     

Dynamic ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols in tobacco

A novel extraction method, namely dynamic ultrasound-assisted extraction, is investigated. This technique is efficient with respect to both time and solvent consumption because it utilizes ultrasonic energy in dynamic mode during extraction. Polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, esculetin, rutin, scopoletin, and quercitrin) are extracted from a tobacco (Nicotina tobaccum L.) sample for 10 min with 6 mL of solvent. Fresh solvent is continuously pumped through the sample, with which the analytes can be rapidly extracted, and the possibility of degradation efficiently avoided. Methanol involving 0.5% w/v ascorbic acid was used as extraction solvent; optimal flow rate and extraction time were investigated. The extract was cleaned up by C18 disposable cartridge. The spiked and nonspiked tobacco samples were used for the evaluation of the proposed method. Recoveries obtained were varied from 96 to 108% and RSDs from 2.0 to 4.6%. This extraction technique was revealed to recover larger amounts of polyphenols from tobacco, compared to the static ultrasound-assisted extraction method.     

Removal of actinides and fission products activity from intermediate alkaline waste using inorganic exchangers

Hydrated iron oxide or amorphous-Fe₂O₃·3.5 H₂O (HFeO), hydrated titanium oxide (HTiO) and hydrated thorium oxide (HThO) were synthesized and their applicability for the decontamination of intermediate level liquid wastes (ILLW) was tested. The sorption of a few actinides like plutonium and americium on HFeO, ¹³⁷Cs and ¹⁰⁶Ru on HTiO and ⁹⁰Sr on HThO was investigated as a function of pH, time and loading capacity of the hydrous oxide with metal ions. The influence of the total dissolved salt content was also monitored. Some of these parameters influenced the sorption behavior significantly. The radiation stability of these inorganic sorbents were studied by irradiating them up to 48 Mrad. Adsorbed actinides and fission products were successfully eluted from HFeO and from the mix-bed of HTiO and HThO by 0.5M nitric acid.The authors wish to thank Shri R. D. Changarani, Chief Superintendent NRG Facilities and Shri P. K. Dey, Head FRD for their valuable advice and constant support.