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排序方式: 共有269条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Wulff WD Korthals KA Martínez-Alvarez R Gómez-Gallego M Fernández I Sierra MA 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2005,70(13):5269-5277
By means of deuterium-labeling experiments, we have carried out a systematic ESI-MS study to determine the mechanism of ESI ionization of alkenyl and alkynyl group 6 Fischer carbene complexes. These compounds can be ionized under ESI conditions only in the presence of additives such as hydroquinone (HQ) or tetrathiafulvalene (TTF). Our results demonstrate that in the ESI source an anion-radical is formed after the initial HQ- or TTF-mediated electron transfer to the metallic carbene complex. For alkenyl carbene complexes, this species evolves by extrusion of a hydrogen radical to form an allenylchromium anion that is detected as the [M - H](-) ion in the mass spectrum. The preference for this mechanistic pathway could be rationalized by DFT calculations. In the case of alkynyl carbene complexes, experiments combining deuterated substrate, additive, and solvent demonstrate that the previously proposed allene-anion carbene complex is not formed. Instead, the H transfer from the ethoxy group in the anion radical, followed by extrusion of a hydrogen radical, leads to an allenyl anion that is detected in the ESI-MS as [M - H - CO](-). 相似文献
2.
The synthesis of a water-soluble monomer, namely 4-vinylphenyl-d-gluco(d-manno)hexitol (4) derived from d-gluconolactone, is here presented. The homopolymerization of the vinylsugar has been conducted in both aqueous and organic media using free-radical initiators. High-molar-mass water-soluble polymers are obtained. The copolymerization behavior of the vinylphenyl sugar monomer with a hydrophilic monomer such as acrylamide, as well as with a hydrophobic monomer such as styrene, has been investigated. Statistical- and block-type copolymers have thus been prepared. The structures of the polymers were confirmed by NMR and their thermal properties examined by DSC. 相似文献
3.
From the roots of oat (Avena sativa) a second antibiotic active glycoside, avenacine B, was isolated in addition to the main glycoside avenacine A. In the aglycone of A the double bond could not be established contrary to the statement in the literature but an aldehyde group in addition to the keto group was identified and therefore the proposed structure has to be revised. In the aglycone of B the —CH2OH-group of A has been substituted by CH3. The structures of the sugar chains in both glycosides have been determined, in avenacine A as [β-d-gluco-pyranosyl(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinosyl (1)- and in B as [β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 4)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1)-. 相似文献
4.
An efficient enzyme model exhibiting enantioselective esterase activity was prepared by using molecular imprinting techniques. The enantiomerically pure phosphonic monoesters 4 L and 5 L were synthesized as stable transition-state analogues. They were used as templates connected by stoichiometric noncovalent interactions to two equivalents of the amidinium binding site monomer 1. After polymerization and removal of the template, the polymers were efficient catalysts for the hydrolysis of certain nonactivated amino acid phenylesters (2 L, 2 D, 3 L, 3 D) depending on the template used. Imprinted catalyst IP4 (imprinted with 4 L) enhanced the hydrolysis of the corresponding substrate 2 L by a factor of 325 relative to that of a buffered solution. Relative to a control polymer containing the same functionalities, prepared without template 4 L, the enhancement was still about 80-fold, showing the highest imprinting effect up to now. In cross-selectivity experiments a strong substrate selectivity of higher than three was found despite small differences in the structure of the substrate and template. Plots of initial velocities of the hydrolysis versus substrate concentration showed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics with saturation behavior. From these curves, the Michaelis constant K(M) and the catalytic constant k(cat) can be calculated. The enantioselectivity shown in these values is most interesting. The ratio of the catalytic efficiency k(cat)/K(M), between the hydrolysis of 2 L- and 2 D-substrate with IP4, is 1.65. This enantioselectivity derives from both selective binding of the substrate (K(M)L/K(M)D=0.82), and from selective formation of the transition state (k(cat)L/k(cat)D=1.36). Thus, these catalysts give good catalysis as well as high imprinting and substrate selectivity. Strong competitive inhibition is caused by the template used in imprinting. This behavior is also quite similar to the behavior of natural enzymes, for which these catalysts are good models. 相似文献
5.
Wang H Huang J Wulff WD Rheingold AL 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(30):8980-8981
The intramolecular benzannulations of carbene complexes with alkynes are examined where the alkyne is tethered to the alpha-carbon of the vinyl carbene complex. These reactions are sensitive to the length of the tether and to the nature of the solvent. With a tether length of 16 methylenes, the reaction occurs in the same fashion as the intermolecular reactions to give a p-cyclophane. With intermediate tether lengths (n = 10, 13), the reaction gives an additional p-cyclophane in which the two oxygen substituents are meta on the arene ring. This type of product is unprecedented from the reaction of carbene complexes and alkynes and is quite surprising because the formation of this product requires that the carbon-carbon bond between the alpha- and beta-carbons of the vinyl carbene complex is broken. A mechanism is proposed to account for this process which involves the crossed intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of the alkene and a ketene in a conjugated dienyl ketene to give a benzvalenone paddalane intermediate. 相似文献
6.
Helmut Bode und Karl Wulff 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1966,219(1):32-48
Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung kleiner Cd-Mengen neben der 104-bis 107 fachen Zn-Menge beschrieben. Das Cd wird zunächst als Komplex mit dem Anion der 0,0-Diäthyl-dithiophosphorsäure mittels CCl4 extrahiert. Dieser Komplex wird durch Zugabe von Dithizon unmittelbar in das Cd-Dithizonat umgewandelt, das photometriert wird.
Die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft und der Verband der Chemischen Industrie unterstützten diese Arbeit durch Sachbeihilfen, wofür auch an dieser Stelle gedankt sei.
III. Mitt. [7]
Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Geilmann zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet. 相似文献
Summary A method is described for the determination of micro-amounts of Cd in the presence of Zn, whose quantity is 105 to 107 times as large as the quantity of Cd. The Cd is first extracted with CCl4 as its complex with 0,0-diethyl-dithiophosphoric acid. This complex is directly converted into the Cd-dithizonate, whose colour intensity is measured.
Die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft und der Verband der Chemischen Industrie unterstützten diese Arbeit durch Sachbeihilfen, wofür auch an dieser Stelle gedankt sei.
III. Mitt. [7]
Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Geilmann zum 75. Geburtstag gewidmet. 相似文献
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9.
Chakravarthi Simhadri Liting Bi Mathieu L. Lepage Mahdi Takaffoli Zhipeng Pei Stefania F. Musolino Abbas S. Milani Gino A. DiLabio Jeremy E. Wulff 《Chemical science》2021,12(11):4147
Motivated by a desire to develop flexible covalent adhesives that afford some of the same malleability in the adhesive layer as traditional polymer-based adhesives, we designed and synthesized two flexible, highly fluorinated bis-diazirines. Both molecules are shown to function as effective crosslinkers for polymer materials, and to act as strong adhesives when painted between two polymer objects of low surface energy, prior to thermal activation. Data obtained from lap-shear experiments suggests that greater molecular flexibility is correlated with improved mechanical compliance in the adhesive layer.Flexible, highly fluorinated covalent adhesives are synthesized, and are shown to afford comparable C–H insertion efficiency and adhesion strength relative to a rigid analogue, while providing improved mechanical compliance in the adhesion layer. 相似文献
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